Multi-voltage on-board electrical system and multilayer cable for different voltage levels

Abstract

Multi-voltage on-board electrical system of a motor vehicle, comprising at least three flat cables extending substantially in parallel with one another in the longitudinal direction thereof, and at least two voltage sources, wherein a first of the flat cables is connected in an electrically conductive manner to a first pole of a first of the voltage sources, a second of the flat cables is connected in an electrically conductive manner to a first pole of a second of the voltage sources, and a third of the flat cables arranged between the first and the second flat cable is connected in an electrically conductive manner to a second pole of the first and/or second voltage source.

The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. Multi-voltage on-board electrical system of a motor vehicle, comprising
 at least three flat cables extending substantially in parallel with one another in the longitudinal direction thereof, and 
 at least two voltage sources, 
 wherein a first of the flat cables is connected in an electrically conductive manner to a first pole of a first of the voltage sources, a second of the flat cables is connected in an electrically conductive manner to a first pole of a second of the voltage sources, and a third of the flat cables is connected in an electrically conductive manner to a second pole of the first and second voltage source, 
 wherein
 the third flat cable is arranged between at least the first and the second flat cable. 
 
 
     
     
       2. System of  claim 1 ,
 wherein 
 the first flat cable taps a higher electrical potential difference over the poles of the first voltage source than the second flat cable taps over the poles of the second voltage source, the first flat cable preferably tapping an electrical potential difference of 24 V, more preferably an electrical potential difference of 48 V, whereas the second flat cable preferably taps an electrical potential difference of 12 V. 
 
     
     
       3. System of  claim 1 ,
 wherein 
 in addition to the first flat cable, the second flat cable and the third flat cable, at least one additional flat cable which is connected in an electrically conductive manner to the first pole of a third voltage source, and/or one additional flat cable which is connected in an electrically conductive manner to the second pole of the first and/or second and/or third voltage source is arranged. 
 
     
     
       4. System of  claim 1 ,
 wherein 
 over the poles of the first voltage source, a different potential difference can be tapped to over the poles of the second voltage source and/or over the poles of the third voltage source, in particular in that over the poles of all three voltage sources, a different potential difference can be tapped. 
 
     
     
       5. System of  claim 1  with a multilayer cable
 wherein 
 at least one of the flat cables is formed at least in part from aluminium or an alloy thereof, and/or in that at least one of the flat cables is formed at least in part from copper or an alloy thereof. 
 
     
     
       6. System of  claim 5 ,
 wherein 
 at least one of the flat cables has a substantially rectangular cross section, wherein in particular edges and/or corners of the flat cables are rounded. 
 
     
     
       7. System of  claim 5 ,
 wherein 
 the distance between at least two of the flat cables is at least 0.2 mm, preferably more than 1 mm. 
 
     
     
       8. System of  claim 5 ,
 wherein 
 the current-carrying capacity of at least one of the flat cables is at least 50 A. 
 
     
     
       9. System of  claim 5 ,
 wherein 
 at least one of the flat cables has a greater cable cross section than at least two of the other flat cables. 
 
     
     
       10. System of  claim 5 ,
 wherein 
 an insulation surrounding the flat cables is formed from a flexible, bending-resistant insulation material, wherein the bending resistance thereof, in accordance with DIN EN ISO 178, is at least 20 MPa. 
 
     
     
       11. System of  claim 5 ,
 wherein 
 an insulation surrounding at least one of the flat cables is formed from a temperature-stable insulation material, wherein the permissible temperature range thereof extends from −10° C. to +80° C. 
 
     
     
       12. System of  claim 5 ,
 wherein 
 an insulation surrounding at least one of the flat cables is formed from a non-conductive insulation material, wherein the specific electrical conductivity thereof is at least less than 10 −5  S·cm − 1. 
 
     
     
       13. System of  claim 5 ,
 wherein 
 an insulation surrounding at least one of the flat cables is formed from a breakdown-resistant insulation material, wherein the breakdown resistance thereof is at least more than 5 kV/mm. 
 
     
     
       14. System of  claim 5 ,
 wherein 
 an insulation surrounding at least one of the flat cables is formed from an insulation material having a water absorbency within 24 hours at 23° C., in accordance with DIN EN ISO 62, of less than 0.07%. 
 
     
     
       15. System of  claim 5 ,
 wherein 
 an insulation surrounding at least one of the flat cables is formed from an insulation material having a tracking resistance of a CTI value of greater than 50 V. 
 
     
     
       16. System of  claim 5 ,
 wherein 
 at least one of the flat cables is additionally encased by a shield in the form of a metal foil, a metal strip, a metal braid or a metal coating. 
 
     
     
       17. System of  claim 5 , wherein the current-carrying capacity of at least one of the flat cables is at least 100 A. 
     
     
       18. System of  claim 5 , wherein an insulation surrounding the flat cables is formed from a flexible, bending-resistant insulation material, wherein the bending resistance thereof, in accordance with DIN EN ISO 178, is at least 60 MPa. 
     
     
       19. System of  claim 5 , wherein an insulation surrounding at least one of the flat cables is formed from a temperature-stable insulation material, wherein the permissible temperature range thereof extends from below −20° C. to over 120° C. 
     
     
       20. System of  claim 5 , wherein an insulation surrounding at least one of the flat cables is formed from a breakdown-resistant insulation material, wherein the breakdown resistance thereof is at least more than 50 kV/mm.