US10338372B2ActiveUtilityA1
Carrier fluid compounds and dye compounds for electrowetting apparatus
Est. expiryJun 20, 2034(~8 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
C09B 29/081C09B 55/009C09B 31/18C07F 7/30C09B 31/14G02B 26/005C09B 29/0003C09B 1/26C09B 13/02C07F 7/0805C09B 31/043C09B 1/262C09B 56/08
64
PatentIndex Score
1
Cited by
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References
24
Claims
Abstract
Electrowetting apparatus including at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: wherein each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is independently an alkyl group. In examples a fluid includes a dye compound selected from:
Claims
exact text as granted — not AI-modifiedWhat is claimed is:
1. An electrowetting apparatus comprising:
a fluid comprising:
(i) at least one dye compound with the formula:
wherein R 5 is H;
R 6 is an alkoxy group having the formula —O—R a , wherein R a is an alkyl group;
R 8 is H;
R 9 is:
an alkoxy group having the formula —O— R d , wherein R d is an alkyl group;
an amide group having the formula —NHC(═O)R e , wherein R e is an alkyl group;
a sulphonamide group having the formula —NH—S(═O)(═O)—R f , wherein R f is an alkyl group, or
an amidophosphate group having the formula —NH—P(═O)(—O—R g ) 2 , wherein R g is independently an alkyl group,
R 10 has the formula B-A-,
wherein B has the formula:
wherein R 11 is H;
R 13 is:
H,
a cyano group having the formula —CN,
an alkyl group R i , or
a halogen atom;
R 14 is:
H,
a cyano group having the formula —CN,
a nitro group having the formula —NO 2 , or
an alkoxy group having the formula —O— R k , wherein R k is an alkyl group;
a) R 7 is:
N═N-Het 1 wherein Het 1 is a heterocyclic group;
R 12 is:
H,
a cyano group having the formula —CN,
an alkoxy group having the formula —O—R h , wherein R h is an alkyl group,
an alkyl group R i , or
a halogen atom;
R 15 is:
a cyano group having the formula —CN,
or
b) R 7 is:
an amino group having the formula —N(R h )(R c ), wherein each of R b and R c is an alkyl group, or —N═N—Het 1 wherein Het 1 is a heterocyclic group;
R 12 is:
a cyano group having the formula —CN,
R 15 is:
a cyano group having the formula —CN;
or
c) R 7 is:
an amino group having the formula —N(R b )(R c ), wherein each of R b and R c is an alkyl group, or
—N═N—Het 1 wherein Het 1 is a heterocyclic group;
R 12 is:
an alkoxy group having the formula —O—R h , wherein R h is an alkyl group,
R 15 is:
a nitro group having the formula —NO 2 ;
or
d) R 7 is:
an amino group having the formula —N(R b )(R c ), wherein each of R b and R c is an alkyl group;
R 12 is:
H,
a cyano group having the formula —CN,
an alkoxy group having the formula —O—R b , wherein R b is an alkyl group,
an alkyl group R i , or
a halogen atom;
R 15 is:
a cyano group having the formula —CN;
wherein A is:
a single bond, or
a formula selected from the group consisting of:
wherein R 16 is H;
R 17 is:
H, or
an alkoxy group having the formula —O—R o , wherein R o is an alkyl group;
R 18 is H;
R 19 is:
H, or
an alkoxy group having the formula —O—R p , wherein R p is an alkyl group.
2. The electrowetting apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the alkyl group of one or more of: R a , R b , R c , R d , R e , R f , R g , R h , R i , R j , R k , R o , or R p is independently:
a straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 22 carbon atoms, or
a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 22 carbon atoms.
3. The electrowetting apparatus of claim 1 , wherein R a is:
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 22 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms, or
a branched alkyl group such that R 6 has the formula:
4. The electrowetting apparatus of claim 1 , in accordance with b) or c), wherein R 7 is the amino group having the formula —N(R b )(R c ), the alkyl group of R b and R c are each independently:
a straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms,
a straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms,
a straight chain alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms,
a straight chain alkyl group having 6 carbon atoms,
a straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms,
a straight chain alkyl group having 5 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 22 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group such that the amino group of R 7 has the formula:
a straight chain alkyl group having 5 carbon atoms, or
a straight chain alkyl group having 4 carbon atoms.
5. The electrowetting apparatus of claim 1 , wherein R 7 is —N═N—Het 1 where Het 1 is a:
a five membered heterocyclic ring,
a six membered heterocyclic ring,
a five membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms,
a six membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms,
a five membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom which is an N atom,
a six membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom which is an N atom,
a five membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom which is an N atom, where the —N═N— group is bonded to the heterocyclic aromatic ring at the 2 position relative to the heteroatom,
a six membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom which is an N atom, where the —N═N— group is bonded to the heterocyclic aromatic ring at the 2 position,
a five membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms,
a five membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with a straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms,
a five membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with a straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms,
a five membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with a straight chain alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms,
a five membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with a branched alkyl group having 3 to 22 carbon atoms,
a five membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with a branched alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms,
a five membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with a branched alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms,
a five membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with a branched alkyl group having the formula:
a six membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms,
a six membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with a straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms,
a six membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with a straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms,
a six membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with a straight chain alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms,
a six membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with a branched alkyl group having 3 to 22 carbon atoms,
a six membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with a branched alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms,
a six membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with a branched alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms,
a six membered heterocyclic aromatic ring containing 1 heteroatom substituted with a branched alkyl group having the formula:
or
a five membered heterocyclic aromatic ring having the formula:
6. The electrowetting apparatus of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the following apply:
the alkyl group of R d is:
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 22 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms, or
a branched alkyl group such that the alkoxy group of R 9 has the formula:
the alkyl group of R c is:
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 22 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 7 carbon atoms, or
a branched alkyl group such that the amide group of R 9 has the formula:
the alkyl group of R f is:
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 22 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms, or
a branched alkyl group having the formula:
or
the alkyl group of R g is:
a straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms,
a straight chain alkyl group having 2 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 22 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms, or
a branched alkyl group having the formula:
7. The electrowetting apparatus of claim 6 , wherein A is:
a single bond, or
has a formula selected from the group consisting of:
R o and R p are each independently:
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 22 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms, or
a branched alkyl group having the formula:
8. The electrowetting apparatus of claim 1 , wherein B has:
in accordance with a) or b), a formula where R 12 is a cyano group having the formula —CN, R 13 is H, R 14 is H and R 15 is a cyano group having the formula —CN,
in accordance with a), a formula wherein R 12 is H, R 13 is H, R 14 is H and R 15 is a cyano group having the formula —CN,
in accordance with c), a formula wherein:
R 12 is an alkoxy group having the formula —O—R h wherein R h is:
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 22 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms, or
a branched alkyl group having the formula:
R 13 is H,
R 14 is an alkoxy group having the formula —O—R k wherein R k is:
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 22 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms,
a branched alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms, or
a branched alkyl group having the formula:
R 15 is a nitro group having the formula —NO 2 .
9. The electrowetting apparatus of claim 1 , the at least one dye compound with the formula according to Formula 1 having the formula:
10. The electrowetting apparatus of claim 1 , the fluid further comprising:
(ii) a compound selected from the group consisting of:
wherein each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is independently an alkyl group.
11. The electrowetting apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the alkyl group of each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is independently a straight chain alkyl group having the general formula —(CH 2 ) n CH 3 and n is independently, for each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 , in the range of 0 to 7.
12. The electrowetting apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein a number of carbon atoms contained by each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is the same.
13. The electrowetting apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein a number of carbon atoms contained by one or more of: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 or R 4 is different from a number of carbon atoms contained by a different one of: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 or R 4 .
14. The electrowetting apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the at least one compound comprises a compound with the formula:
15. The electrowetting apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the compound comprises the following:
16. The electrowetting apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein:
each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is independently a branched alkyl group, or
each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is independently a straight chain alkyl group.
17. The electrowetting apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein a total number of carbon atoms contained by all of the alkyl groups R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is at most 33 carbon atoms.
18. The electrowetting apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein a total number of carbon atoms contained by any one of the alkyl groups R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is at most 30 carbon atoms.
19. The electrowetting apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein a longest chain of carbon atoms contained by the alkyl group of any of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is at most 24 carbon atoms.
20. The electrowetting apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the alkyl group of each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is a saturated alkyl group.
21. The electrowetting apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein a maximum vapour pressure of the compound of (ii) is about 5 millimeters Hg measured at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius.
22. The electrowetting apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein a dynamic viscosity of the compound of (ii) is in the range of one or more of:
about 0.5 to 37 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 35 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 30 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 25 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 20 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 15 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 10 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 9 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 8 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 7 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 6 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 5.5 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 5.0 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 4.5 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 4.0 centiPoise, about 0.5 to 3.5 centiPoise, or about 0.5 to 3.0 centiPoise, measured at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius.
23. The electrowetting apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein a dynamic viscosity of the compound of (ii) is at most about 37 centiPoise measured at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius.
24. The electrowetting apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the fluid is a first fluid, and comprising a display element comprising:
a first support plate;
a second support plate;
the first fluid;
a second fluid immiscible with the first fluid, the first fluid and the second fluid positioned between the first support plate and the second support plate;
a first electrode in the first support plate; and
a second electrode in contact with the second fluid.Cited by (0)
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