Reciprocity based FDD FD-MIMO DL channel CSI acquisition

Abstract

Reciprocity base frequency division duplex (FDD) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) downlink (DL) channel Channel-State Information (CSI) acquisition is provided. A base station (BS) includes a transceiver configured to measure uplink (UL) sounding reference signals (SRSs) at a UL carrier frequency, using two polarization components of an antenna array of the BS, and a processor configured to determine a quantity of propagation paths between the BS and a user equipment (UE), for each of the determined propagation paths, extract propagation parameters from the UL SRS measurements, for each of the determined propagation paths, predict a downlink (DL) channel based on the extracted propagation parameters and a DL carrier frequency, and generate a precoding channel matrix for the UE by summing the predicted DL channels for each of the determined propagation paths and for each of the two polarization components of the antenna array of the BS.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A base station (BS) capable of wireless communications, the BS comprising:
 a transceiver configured to measure uplink (UL) sounding reference signals (SRSs) at a UL carrier frequency using two polarization components of an antenna array of the BS; and 
 a processor configured to:
 determine a quantity of propagation paths between the BS and a user equipment (UE); 
 for each of the determined propagation paths, extract propagation parameters from the UL SRS measurements; 
 for each of the determined propagation paths, predict a downlink (DL) channel based on the extracted propagation parameters and a DL carrier frequency; and 
 generate a precoding channel matrix for the UE by summing the predicted DL channels for each of the determined propagation paths and for each of the two polarization components of the antenna array of the BS. 
 
 
     
     
       2. The BS of  claim 1 , wherein the propagation parameters are extracted based on an antenna pattern of the antenna array,
 wherein the antenna pattern includes a set of amplitudes and phases per each antenna element of the antenna array at possible incident angles, and 
 wherein the antenna pattern per each antenna element are decomposed into two orthogonal polarization components. 
 
     
     
       3. The BS of  claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to:
 calculate rates of change of each of the propagation parameters, and 
 predict the DL channel further based on the rates of change of each of the propagation parameters, 
 wherein the propagation parameters include at least one of incident angles at an arrival direction, a UL carrier frequency, an amplitude, an initial phase, a delay phase shift due to a delay on a propagation path at the UL carrier frequency, and a Doppler phase shift due to Doppler effect. 
 
     
     
       4. The BS of  claim 1 , wherein for each of the determined propagation paths, the processor is further configured to predict the DL channel based on an equation using a combination of:
 a BS antenna array response based on an arrival direction of a propagation path and the UL carrier frequency, for each of the two polarization components of the antenna array of the BS, 
 a phase shift based on a Doppler shift at an observing time, 
 a phase shift on each of resource blocks based on a delay of a propagation path, and 
 a complex coefficient of a propagation path based on amplitudes and initial phases for each of the two polarization components of the antenna array of the BS, and a phase shift caused by a delay of a propagation path with the UL carrier frequency. 
 
     
     
       5. The BS of  claim 1 , wherein each antenna element of the antenna array is decomposed into two orthogonal polarization components, wherein the two orthogonal polarization components include a vertical component of the antenna array and a horizontal component of the antenna array. 
     
     
       6. The BS of  claim 1 , wherein the predicted DL channels are compensated based on a radio frequency (RF) transmit (TX) channel response of the BS on the DL carrier frequency. 
     
     
       7. The BS of  claim 1 , wherein the DL channels for each propagation path are predicted for a same time slot as a measuring time slot for which the UL SRS is measured or for a subsequent time slot next to the measuring time slot, based on rates of change of each of the propagation parameters. 
     
     
       8. A method for operating a base station (BS), the method comprising:
 measuring uplink (UL) sounding reference signals (SRSs) at a UL carrier frequency, using two polarization components of an antenna array of the BS; 
 determining a quantity of propagation paths between the BS and a user equipment (UE); 
 for each of the determined propagation paths, extracting propagation parameters from the UL SRS measurements; 
 for each of the determined propagation paths, predicting a downlink (DL) channel based on the extracted propagation parameters and a DL carrier frequency; and 
 generating a precoding channel matrix for the UE by summing the predicted DL channels for each of the determined propagation paths and for each of the two polarization components of the antenna array of the BS. 
 
     
     
       9. The method of  claim 8 , wherein the propagation parameters are extracted based on an antenna pattern of the antenna array,
 wherein the antenna pattern includes a set of amplitudes and phases per each antenna element of the antenna array at possible incident angles, and 
 wherein the antenna pattern per each antenna element are decomposed into two orthogonal polarization components. 
 
     
     
       10. The method of  claim 8 , further comprising:
 calculating rates of change of each of the propagation parameters; and 
 predicting the DL channel further based on the rates of change of each of the propagation parameters, 
 wherein the propagation parameters include at least one of incident angles at an arrival direction, a UL carrier frequency, an amplitude, an initial phase, a delay phase shift due to a delay on a propagation path at the UL carrier frequency, and a Doppler phase shift due to Doppler effect. 
 
     
     
       11. The method of  claim 8 , wherein, for each of the determined propagation paths, the DL channel is predicted based on an equation using a combination of:
 a BS antenna array response based on an arrival direction of a propagation path and the UL carrier frequency, for each of the two polarization components of the antenna array of the BS, 
 a phase shift based on a Doppler shift at an observing time, 
 a phase shift on each of resource blocks based on a delay of a propagation path, and 
 a complex coefficient of a propagation path based on amplitudes and initial phases for each of the two polarization components of the antenna array of the BS, and a phase shift caused by a delay of a propagation path with the UL carrier frequency. 
 
     
     
       12. The method of  claim 8 , wherein each antenna element of the antenna array is decomposed into two orthogonal polarization components, wherein the two orthogonal polarization components include a vertical component of the antenna array and a horizontal component of the antenna array. 
     
     
       13. The method of  claim 8 , wherein the predicted DL channels are compensated based on a radio frequency (RF) transmit (TX) channel response of the BS on the DL carrier frequency. 
     
     
       14. The method of  claim 8 , wherein the DL channels for each propagation path are predicted for a same time slot as a measuring time slot for which the UL SRS is measured or for a subsequent time slot next to the measuring time slot, based on rates of change of each of the propagation parameters. 
     
     
       15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising program code for operating a base station in a communication network, wherein the program code that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to:
 measure uplink (UL) sounding reference signals (SRSs) at a UL carrier frequency, using two polarization components of an antenna array of the BS; 
 determine a quantity of propagation paths between the BS and a user equipment (UE); 
 for each of the determined propagation paths, extract propagation parameters from the UL SRS measurements; 
 for each of the determined propagation paths, predict a downlink (DL) channel based on the extracted propagation parameters and a DL carrier frequency; and 
 generate a precoding channel matrix for the UE by summing the predicted DL channels for each of the determined propagation paths and for each of the two polarization components of the antenna array of the BS. 
 
     
     
       16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of  claim 15 , wherein the propagation parameters are extracted based on an antenna pattern of the antenna array,
 wherein the antenna pattern includes a set of amplitudes and phases per each antenna element of the antenna array at possible incident angles, 
 wherein the antenna pattern per each antenna element is decomposed into two orthogonal polarization components. 
 
     
     
       17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of  claim 15 , further comprising program code that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to:
 calculate rates of change of each of the propagation parameters; and 
 predict the DL channel further based on the rates of change of each of the propagation parameters, 
 wherein the propagation parameters include at least one of incident angles at an arrival direction, a UL carrier frequency, an amplitude, an initial phase, a delay phase shift due to a delay on a propagation path at the UL carrier frequency, and a Doppler phase shift due to Doppler effect. 
 
     
     
       18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of  claim 15 , wherein, further comprising program code that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to, for each of the determined propagation paths, predict the DL channel is predicted based on an equation using a combination of:
 a BS antenna array response based on an arrival direction of a propagation path and the UL carrier frequency, for each of the two polarization components of the antenna array of the BS, 
 a phase shift based on a Doppler shift at an observing time, 
 a phase shift on each of resource blocks based on a delay of a propagation path, and 
 a complex coefficient of a propagation path based on amplitudes and initial phases for each of the two polarization components of the antenna array of the BS, and a phase shift caused by a delay of a propagation path with the UL carrier frequency. 
 
     
     
       19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of  claim 15 , wherein each antenna element of the antenna array is decomposed into two orthogonal polarization components, wherein the two orthogonal polarization components include a vertical component of the antenna array and a horizontal component of the antenna array. 
     
     
       20. The non-transitory computer-readable of  claim 15 , wherein the predicted DL channels are compensated based on a radio frequency (RF) transmit (TX) channel response of the BS on the DL carrier frequency.