Monitoring physiological status based on bio-vibrational and radio frequency data analysis

Abstract

A patient monitoring device includes an ECG sensor coupled to a patient, a sensor coupled to the patient and configured to bio-vibrational signals, and a radio frequency monitoring device configured to produce information responsive to electromagnetic energy reflected from the patient's thoracic cavity. A processor processes the ECG signals, the bio-vibrational signals, and the radio frequency information to generate a plurality of physiological parameters of the patient. The processor also performs at least one of a predictive analysis and a trend analysis of the plurality of physiological to determine a current clinical condition of the patient. The trend analysis includes determining a substantial relationship between changes in the plurality of physiological parameters. The processor can also compare the current clinical condition of the patient to predetermined clinically actionable criteria to determine one or more clinically actionable events and provide an output relating to one or more clinically actionable events.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A patient monitoring system, comprising:
 an ECG sensor coupled to the patient and configured to detect one or more ECG signals of a patient; 
 a vibrational sensor coupled to the patient and configured to detect one or more cardio-vibrational signals of the patient; 
 a radio frequency (RF) ultra-wide band transceiver circuit comprising one or more RF antennas and coupled to the patient and configured to
 cause the one or more RF antennas to direct RF electromagnetic energy into a thoracic cavity of the patient; and 
 produce RF information responsive to reflected RF electromagnetic energy received through the one or more RF antennas and reflected from within the thoracic cavity of the patient; and 
 
 one or more processors configured to
 generate a plurality of physiological parameters by
 processing the one or more ECG signals and the one or more cardio-vibrational signals to generate one or more combinational parameters based upon a combination of the one or more ECG signals and the one or more cardio-vibrational signals, and 
 processing RF information to generate one or more RF-based physiological parameters of the patient; 
 
 perform at least one of a predictive analysis and a trend analysis of the plurality of physiological parameters to determine a current clinical condition of the patient, the trend analysis comprising determining a presence of a substantial relationship between changes in the one or more combinational parameters based upon a combination of the one or more ECG signals and the one or more cardio-vibrational signals and changes in the one or more RF-based physiological parameters, wherein performing the trend analysis comprises
 determining whether at least one of the one or more combinational parameters based upon a combination of the one or more ECG signals and the one or more cardio-vibrational signals has exceeded a threshold, 
 correlating the at least one of the one or more combinational parameters based upon a combination of the one or more ECG signals and the one or more cardio-vibrational signals that has exceeded the threshold against at least one of the one or more RF-based physiological parameters to produce a correlation score indicating a change in a condition of the patient, and 
 determining the current clinical condition of the patient based upon the correlation score; 
 
 compare the current clinical condition of the patient to predetermined clinically actionable criteria to determine one or more clinically actionable events; and 
 cause an output device to provide an output relating to the one or more clinically actionable events. 
 
 
     
     
       2. The patient monitoring system of  claim 1 , wherein the trend analysis comprises a correlation analysis. 
     
     
       3. The patient monitoring system of  claim 1 , wherein the at least one of the predictive analysis and the trend analysis is performed on physiological parameters collected over a prior period of time including one or more of: at least 24 hours, at least 48 hours, at least one week, at least two weeks, at least one month, at least 6 weeks, at least two months, at least 4 months, at least 6 months, at least 1 year, and at least 2 years. 
     
     
       4. The patient monitoring system of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more clinically actionable events comprise at least one of:
 an automated event that is triggered without user input; and 
 a manual event that is triggered based upon a user response to the output and comprises one or more instructions to perform one or more actions. 
 
     
     
       5. The patient monitoring system of  claim 1 , wherein the output relating to the one or more clinically actionable event is based on a transgression of one or more thresholds defined with respect to the plurality of physiological parameters or results of the at least one predictive analysis and the trend analysis. 
     
     
       6. The patient monitoring system of  claim 1 , wherein performing the predictive analysis comprises:
 inputting the plurality of physiological parameters into a machine learning process; and 
 determining the current clinical condition of the patient based upon an output of the machine learning process. 
 
     
     
       7. The patient monitoring system of  claim 6 , wherein the current clinical condition of the patient comprises a predictive score based upon the output of the machine learning process, wherein the predictive score indicates a likelihood of an occurrence of an adverse event, wherein the adverse event comprises one or more of an arrhythmia event, a stroke event, a syncopal event, and a hospitalization event. 
     
     
       8. The patient monitoring system of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more combinational parameters based upon a combination of the one or more ECG signals and the one or more cardio-vibrational signals comprises one or more of left ventricular systolic time (LVST), electromechanical activation time (EMAT), % LVST, and left ventricle end diastolic pressure (LVEDP). 
     
     
       9. The patient monitoring system of  claim 1 , wherein the vibrational sensor is further configured to sense one or more lung vibrations for the patient, the one or more lung vibrations comprising at least one of bronchial vibrations, stridor, crackle, wheeze, rhonchus, pleural friction, squawk, glottal, pharyngeal or other vibrations. 
     
     
       10. The patient monitoring system of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are configured to process the one or more ECG signals to generate one or more ECG parameters, the one or more ECG parameters comprising at least one of heart rate, heart rate variability, PVC burden or counts, atrial fibrillation burden, pauses, heart rate turbulence, QRS height, QRS width, changes in a size or shape of morphology of the one or more ECG signals, cosine R-T, artificial pacing, QT interval, QT variability, T wave width, T wave alternans, T-wave variability, and ST segment changes. 
     
     
       11. The patient monitoring system of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are configured to process the one or more cardio-vibrational signals to generate one or more cardiac vibrational metrics, the one or more cardiac vibrational metrics comprising at least one of an S1 vibration, an S2 vibration, an S3 vibration, an S4 vibration, and a heart murmur vibration. 
     
     
       12. The patient monitoring system of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more RF-based physiological parameters comprises a measurement of fluid content within the thoracic cavity of the patient. 
     
     
       13. A patient monitoring system, comprising:
 at least one vibrational sensor coupled to the patient and configured to detect one or more cardio-vibrational signals; 
 at least one radio frequency (RF) ultra-wide band transceiver coupled to the patient and configured to
 direct RF electromagnetic waves through lungs of the patient; and 
 detect RF information responsively to the RF electromagnetic waves that have passed through the lungs of the patient; and 
 
 one or more processors configured to
 process the detected one or more cardio-vibrational signals over a predetermined duration to determine at least one cardiac vibrational metric of the patient; 
 process the patient's RF information over a predetermined duration to determine at least one lung fluid metric of the patient; 
 determine an output relating to one or more clinically actionable events based on the determined at least one cardiac vibrational metric and the determined at least one lung fluid metric by performing a trend analysis of changes in the at least one cardiac vibrational metric and changes in the at least one lung fluid metric to determine a presence of a substantial relationship between the changes in the at least one cardiac vibrational metric and the changes in the at least one lung fluid metric, wherein determining the output comprises performing a correlation analysis, the correlation analysis comprising
 processing the one or more cardio-vibrational signals and the RF information to generate a plurality of physiological parameters of the patient including one or more combinational parameters based upon a combination of at least one of the one or more cardio-vibrational signals and the RF information, 
 correlating at least one of the one or more combinational parameters based upon a combination of at least one of the one or more cardio-vibrational signals and the RF information that has exceeded a threshold against at least one additional physiological parameter selected from the plurality of physiological parameters to produce a correlation score, wherein the correlation score indicates a change in a condition of the patient, and 
 determining the output based upon the correlation score; and 
 
 cause an output device to provide the output. 
 
 
     
     
       14. The patient monitoring system of  claim 13 , wherein determining the output further comprises performing a predictive analysis of a determined value of, or a trend in, the at least one cardiac vibrational metric and a determined value of or a trend in the at least one lung fluid metric. 
     
     
       15. The patient monitoring system of  claim 13 , wherein the one or more clinically actionable events comprise at least one of:
 an automated event that is triggered without user input; and 
 a manual event that is triggered based upon a user response to the output and comprises one or more instructions to perform one or more actions. 
 
     
     
       16. A patient monitoring system, comprising:
 an ECG sensor coupled to the patient and configured to detect one or more ECG signals of the patient; 
 a vibrational sensor coupled to the patient and configured to detect one or more cardio-vibrational signals of the patient; 
 a radio frequency (RF) ultra-wide band transceiver circuit comprising one or more RF antennas and coupled to the patient and configured to
 cause the one or more RF antennas to direct RF electromagnetic energy into a thoracic cavity of the patient; and 
 produce RF information responsive to reflected RF electromagnetic energy received through the one or more RF antennas and reflected from within the thoracic cavity of the patient; and 
 
 one or more processors configured to
 generate a plurality of physiological parameters by
 processing the one or more ECG signals and the one or more cardio-vibrational signals to generate one or more combinational parameters based upon a combination of the one or more ECG signals and the one or more cardio-vibrational signals, and 
 processing the RF information to generate one or more RF-based physiological parameters of the patient; 
 
 perform a trend analysis of the plurality of physiological parameters to produce a trend result, the trend analysis comprising determining a presence of a substantial relationship between changes in the one or more combinational parameters based upon a combination of the one or more ECG signals and the one or more cardio-vibrational signals and changes in the one or more RF-based physiological parameters, wherein performing the trend analysis comprises
 determining whether at least one of the one or more combinational parameters based upon a combination of the one or more ECG signals and the one or more cardio-vibrational signals has exceeded a threshold, 
 correlating the at least one of the one or more combinational parameters based upon a combination of the one or more ECG signals and the one or more cardio-vibrational signals that has exceeded the threshold against at least one of the one or more RF-based physiological parameters to produce a correlation score indicating a change in a condition of the patient, and 
 determining the trend result based upon the correlation score; 
 
 update a monitoring schedule for the patient based upon the trend result; 
 determine a current clinical condition of the patient based upon the trend result; 
 compare the current clinical condition of the patient to predetermined clinically actionable criteria to determine one or more clinically actionable events; and 
 cause an output device to provide an output relating to the one or more clinically actionable events. 
 
 
     
     
       17. The patient monitoring system of  claim 16 , wherein the one or more combinational parameters based upon a combination of the one or more ECG signals and the one or more cardio-vibrational signals comprises one or more of left ventricular systolic time (LVST), electromechanical activation time (EMAT), % LVST, and left ventricle end diastolic pressure (LVEDP). 
     
     
       18. The patient monitoring system of  claim 16 , wherein the trend analysis is performed on physiological parameters collected over a prior period of time including at least 24 hours, at least 48 hours, at least one week, at least two weeks, at least one month, at least 6 weeks, at least two months, at least 4 months, at least 6 months, at least 1 year, and/or at least 2 years. 
     
     
       19. The patient monitoring system of  claim 16 , wherein performing the trend analysis comprises:
 inputting the plurality of physiological parameters into a machine learning process; and 
 determining the current clinical condition of the patient based upon an output of the machine learning process, wherein the current clinical condition of the patient comprises a predictive score based upon the output of the machine learning process, wherein the predictive score indicates a likelihood of an occurrence of an adverse event, wherein the adverse event comprises one or more of an arrhythmia event, a stroke event, a syncopal event, and a hospitalization event. 
 
     
     
       20. The patient monitoring system of  claim 16 , wherein the one or more clinically actionable events comprise at least one of:
 an automated event that is triggered without user input; and 
 a manual event that is triggered based upon a user response to the output and comprises one or more instructions to perform one or more actions.