Antenna, communication assembly, and unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

An antenna includes a substrate and a dipole antenna disposed on a surface of the substrate. The dipole antenna includes a first metal structure and a second metal structure arranged symmetrically with respect to each other. The first metal structure includes a head proximal to the second metal structure, and a tail distal from the second metal structure. A width of the first metal structure varies between the head and the tail.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An antenna comprising:
 a substrate; and 
 a dipole antenna disposed on a surface of the substrate and including a first metal structure and a second metal structure arranged symmetrically with respect to each other; 
 wherein:
 the first metal structure includes a head at a first end of the first metal structure proximal to the second metal structure, a tail at a second end of the first metal structure distal from the second metal structure, and a middle portion extending from a center of a bottom edge of the head distal from the second metal structure to a center of an upper edge of the tail proximal to the second metal structure; 
 the tail has a trapezoidal shape, a length of the upper edge of the tail is less than a length of the bottom edge of the head, and a length of a bottom edge of the tail distal from the second metal structure is equal to the length of the bottom edge of the head; and 
 a width of the first metal structure varies between the first end and the second end. 
 
 
     
     
       2. The antenna according to  claim 1 , wherein a width of at least one portion of the first metal structure between the first end and the second end is smaller or larger than a width of the head and/or a width of the tail. 
     
     
       3. The antenna according to  claim 2 , wherein the first metal structure includes at least one recess at one side of the first metal structure between the first end and the second end. 
     
     
       4. The antenna according to  claim 3 , wherein:
 the at least one recess is at least one first recess; 
 the first metal structure further includes at least one second recess at another side of the first metal structure between the first end and the second end; and 
 the at least one first recess and the at least one second recess are symmetrically disposed at the one side and the other side of the first metal structure, respectively. 
 
     
     
       5. The antenna according to  claim 3 , wherein the head has an arrow shape. 
     
     
       6. The antenna according to  claim 5 , wherein an arrow-side connecting a tip of the head and an end of the bottom edge of the head is straight or curved. 
     
     
       7. The antenna according to  claim 6 , wherein the arrow-side recesses toward a center of the head or protrudes outward from the head. 
     
     
       8. The antenna according to  claim 3 , wherein a bottom edge of one of the at least one recess is perpendicular to two side edges of the one of the at least one recess. 
     
     
       9. The antenna according to  claim 8 , wherein:
 the upper edge of the tail and the bottom edge of the tail are perpendicular to the bottom edge of the one of the at least one recess. 
 
     
     
       10. The antenna according to  claim 1 , wherein one or both of the first metal structure and the second metal structure have a hollow structure. 
     
     
       11. The antenna according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein:
 the surface is a first surface of the substrate; and 
 the substrate has a second surface opposite to the first surface; 
 
 the antenna further comprising:
 a metal via disposed in and penetrating the substrate at a location corresponding to the head; and 
 a solder joint disposed at the second surface of the substrate and is connected to the metal via. 
 
 
     
     
       12. A communication assembly comprising:
 an antenna including:
 a substrate; and 
 a dipole antenna disposed on a surface of the substrate; and 
 
 a metal parasitic unit disposed within a preset distance from the antenna; 
 wherein:
 an extending direction of the metal parasitic unit is substantially same as an extending direction of the antenna .  and 
 the metal parasitic unit has an effective length less than a half of a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency of the antenna. 
 
 
     
     
       13. The communication assembly according to  claim 12 , wherein:
 the dipole antenna includes a first metal structure and a second metal structure arranged symmetrically with respect to each other; 
 the first metal structure includes a head proximal to the second metal structure and a tail distal from the second metal structure; and 
 a width of the first metal structure varies between the head and the tail. 
 
     
     
       14. The communication assembly according to  claim 12 , wherein the extending direction of the metal parasitic unit is parallel to the extending direction of the antenna. 
     
     
       15. The communication assembly according to  claim 14 , wherein a perpendicular distance between the metal parasitic unit and the antenna is one tenth of a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency of the antenna. 
     
     
       16. The communication assembly according to  claim 14 , wherein the metal parasitic unit has an elongated shape. 
     
     
       17. The antenna according to  claim 6 , wherein the arrow-side is curved.