Easily-expandable wave-dissipating block having artificial fish reef function

Abstract

Proposed is a wave-dissipating block including: a body placed on a seabed perpendicularly thereto and having a shape of a polygonal column, a cylinder, an oval column, or a cross-shaped column; male coupling protrusions formed on a first surface of the body in a height direction thereof and on a surface opposite to the first surface, respectively; female coupling grooves formed in a second surface of the body in the height direction thereof and in a surface opposite to the second surface, respectively; a habitat part configured as a space defined at a center portion of the body or a portion of the body; a dividing plate provided as a plate dividing the habitat part into habitat parts; a through hole formed in the dividing plate; and a space part having a space defined between multiple bodies of wave-dissipating blocks connected adjacently to each other.

The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A plurality of wave-dissipating blocks, each wave-dissipating block comprising:
 a body placed on a seabed and having a shape of a polygonal column, a cylinder, or an oval column; 
 male coupling protrusions formed on a first surface of the body in a height direction thereof and on a surface opposite to the first surface, respectively; 
 female coupling grooves formed in a second surface of the body in the height direction thereof and in a surface opposite to the second surface, respectively, each of the female coupling grooves having a shape corresponding to a shape of each of the male coupling protrusions; 
 a habitat part configured as a habitat space defined at a center portion of the body to allow seawater to pass therethrough or remain therein such that the habitat part includes a fish and shellfish habitat and dissipates waves; 
 a cross-shaped vertical dividing plate to divide the habitat part into habitat parts, wherein the cross-shaped vertical dividing plate supplies structural stability to the body; 
 a through hole formed in the cross-shaped vertical dividing plate by connecting the habitat parts to each other such that the habitat parts communicate with each other such that fish and shellfish move and the seawater flows therethrough; and 
 a space part having a space defined between multiple bodies of the plurality of wave-dissipating blocks arranged adjacently to each other to allow the seawater to pass therethrough and remain therein such that the space part includes the fish and shellfish habitat and dissipates waves, 
 wherein multiple insertion protrusions are formed on an outer surface of the body or on an inner surface of the body in which the habitat part is divided, and an insertion groove is formed between the multiple insertion protrusions, and 
 wherein the male coupling protrusions are inserted into the female coupling grooves respectively such that the plurality of wave-dissipating blocks are expanded in directions parallel and perpendicular to the seabed. 
 
     
     
       2. The plurality of wave-dissipating blocks of  claim 1 , wherein in each wave-dissipating block, the male coupling protrusions are respectively inserted to and removed from the female coupling grooves in the height direction of the body. 
     
     
       3. The plurality of wave-dissipating blocks of  claim 2 , wherein the wave-dissipating blocks arranged adjacently to each other have heights different from each other, and a ratio of the heights is selected to be one of 1:0.5, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, or 1:3. 
     
     
       4. The plurality of wave-dissipating blocks of  claim 3 , wherein a male groove is formed in each of the male coupling protrusions, and a female groove is formed in each of the female coupling grooves, and a body groove is formed in the body between the male coupling protrusions and the female coupling grooves, so the habitat parts of the bodies adjacent to each other communicate with each other and the space part having the space defined between the multiple bodies arranged adjacently to each other also communicate with each other such that the fish and shellfish move and the seawater flows therethrough. 
     
     
       5. The plurality of wave-dissipating blocks of  claim 1 , wherein the insertion groove is configured to have a shape tapered from the outer surface of the body toward the inner surface thereof to define a niche space into which the fish and shellfish are introduced to inhabit the habitat. 
     
     
       6. A plurality of wave-dissipating blocks, each wave-dissipating block comprising:
 a body placed on a seabed and having a shape of a cylinder or an oval column; 
 male coupling protrusions formed on a first surface of the body in a height direction thereof and on a surface opposite to the first surface, respectively; 
 female coupling grooves formed in a second surface of the body in the height direction thereof and in a surface opposite to the second surface, respectively, each of the female coupling grooves having a shape corresponding to a shape of each of the male coupling protrusions; 
 a habitat part configured as a habitat space defined at a center portion of the body to allow seawater to pass therethrough or remain therein such that the habitat part includes a fish and shellfish habitat and dissipates waves; 
 a middle dividing plate to divide the habitat part into an upper habitat part and a lower habitat part, wherein the middle dividing plate supplies structural stability to the body; and 
 a through hole formed in the middle dividing plate by connecting the upper habitat part and the lower habitat part to each other such that the upper habitat part and the lower habitat part communicate with each other such that fish and shellfish move and the seawater flows therethrough; and 
 a space part having a space defined between multiple bodies of the plurality of wave-dissipating blocks arranged adjacently to each other to allow the seawater to pass therethrough and remain therein such that the space part includes the fish and shellfish habitat and dissipates waves, 
 wherein multiple insertion protrusions are formed on an outer surface of the body or on an inner surface of the body in which the habitat part is divided, and an insertion groove is formed between the multiple insertion protrusions, and 
 wherein the male coupling protrusions are inserted into the female coupling grooves respectively such that the plurality of wave-dissipating blocks are expanded in directions parallel and perpendicular to the seabed. 
 
     
     
       7. The plurality of wave-dissipating blocks of  claim 6 , wherein in each wave-dissipating block, the male coupling protrusions are respectively inserted to and removed from the female coupling grooves in the height direction of the body. 
     
     
       8. The plurality of wave-dissipating blocks of  claim 7 , wherein the wave-dissipating blocks arranged adjacently to each other have heights different from each other, and a ratio of the heights is selected to be one of 1:0.5, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, or 1:3. 
     
     
       9. The plurality of wave-dissipating blocks of  claim 8 , wherein a male groove is formed in each of the male coupling protrusions, and a female groove is formed in each of the female coupling grooves, and a body groove is formed in the body between the male coupling protrusions and the female coupling grooves, so the habitat parts of the bodies adjacent to each other communicate with each other, and the space part having the space defined between the multiple bodies arranged adjacently to each other also communicate with each other such that the fish and shellfish move and the seawater flows therethrough. 
     
     
       10. The plurality of wave-dissipating blocks of  claim 6 , wherein the insertion groove is configured to have a shape tapered from the outer surface of the body toward the inner surface thereof to define a niche space into which the fish and shellfish are introduced to inhabit the habitat. 
     
     
       11. A plurality of wave-dissipating blocks, each wave-dissipating block comprising:
 a body placed on a seabed and having a shape of a cross-shaped column; 
 male coupling protrusions formed on a first surface of the body in a height direction thereof and on a surface opposite to the first surface, respectively; 
 female coupling grooves formed in a second surface of the body in the height direction thereof and in a surface opposite to the second surface, respectively, each of the female coupling grooves having a shape corresponding to a shape of each of the male coupling protrusions; 
 a habitat part configured as a habitat space defined at a portion of the body in the height direction thereof to allow seawater to pass therethrough and remain therein such that the habitat part includes a fish and shellfish habitat and a dissipates waves; 
 a space part is defined between multiple bodies having cross-shaped column shapes of the plurality of wave-dissipating blocks arranged adjacently to each other so as to allow the seawater to pass therethrough and remain therein such that the space part includes the fish and shellfish habitat and dissipates waves; and 
 a male groove formed in each male coupling protrusion; 
 a female groove formed in each female coupling groove; and 
 a body groove formed in the body between the male coupling protrusions and the female coupling grooves, so the habitat parts of the bodies adjacent to each other communicate with each other and the space part having the space defined between the multiple bodies arranged adjacently to each other also communicate with each other such that fish and shellfish move and the seawater flows therethrough, 
 wherein multiple insertion protrusions are formed on an outer surface of the body, and an insertion groove is formed between the multiple insertion protrusions, and 
 wherein the male coupling protrusions are inserted into the female coupling grooves respectively such that the plurality of wave-dissipating blocks are expanded in directions parallel and perpendicular to the seabed. 
 
     
     
       12. The plurality of wave-dissipating blocks of  claim 11 , wherein in each wave-dissipating block, the male coupling protrusions are respectively inserted to and removed from the female coupling grooves only in the height direction of the body. 
     
     
       13. The plurality of wave-dissipating blocks of  claim 12 , wherein the wave-dissipating blocks arranged adjacently to each other have heights different from each other, and a ratio of the heights is selected to be one of 1:0.5, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, or 1:3. 
     
     
       14. The plurality of wave-dissipating blocks of  claim 13 , further comprising:
 an auxiliary habitat part configured as a space defined at upper and lower surfaces of the body having the shape of a cross-shaped column to allow the seawater to pass therethrough and remain therein such that the auxiliary habitat part includes the fish and shellfish habitat and dissipates waves. 
 
     
     
       15. The plurality of wave-dissipating blocks of  claim 14 , wherein a combination of the habitat part and the auxiliary habitat part constitutes 20% to 60% of the body. 
     
     
       16. The plurality of wave-dissipating blocks of  claim 11 , wherein the insertion groove is configured to have a shape tapered from the outer surface of the body toward the inner surface thereof to define a niche space into which the fish and shellfish are introduced to inhabit the habitat.