Non-aqueous electrolyte for lithium-ion battery and lithium-ion battery using non-aqueous electrolyte

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium-ion battery and a lithium-ion battery using the non-aqueous electrolyte. The non-aqueous electrolyte includes (a) a lithium, (b) a non-aqueous organic solvent, and (c) at least one compound represented by formula 1; where the non-aqueous electrolyte further includes at least one of the following components (d) and (e): (d) a nitrile compound including at least one of 1,3,6-hexane trinitrile, glycerol trinitrile, and 3-methoxypropionitrile, and (e) vinyl sulfate. Through the synergy effect between them, the positive electrode is protected and meanwhile the negative electrode is also be protected to a certain extent, and an impedance of a film is lowered. The battery has an excellent high temperature storage performance, high temperature cycle performance and low temperature charge and discharge performance.

What is claims is: 
     
       1. A non-aqueous electrolyte, comprising: (a) a lithium, (b) a non-aqueous organic solvent, and (c) at least one compound represented by formula 1; wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte further comprises at least one of the following components (d) and (e):
 (d) a nitrile compound including at least one of 1,3,6-hexane trinitrile, glycerol trinitrile, and 3-methoxypropionitrile, and 
 (e) vinyl sulfate; 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1  and R 2  are the same or different, and are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6  alkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 5  alkenyl group, or a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 5  alkynyl group. 
       
     
     
       2. The non-aqueous electrolyte according to  claim 1 , wherein the compound represented by formula 1 is selected from at least one of the following compounds A1 to A5: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
       3. The non-aqueous electrolyte according to  claim 1 , wherein the nitrile compound is selected from at least one of 1,3,6-hexanetrinitrile, glycerol trinitrile, and 3-methoxypropionitrile. 
     
     
       4. The non-aqueous electrolyte according to  claim 1 , wherein a content of the compound represented by formula 1 is 0.1-10 wt % of a total mass of the non-aqueous electrolyte. 
     
     
       5. The non-aqueous electrolyte according to  claim 1 , wherein a content of the nitrile compound is 0-8 wt % of the total mass of the non-aqueous electrolyte. 
     
     
       6. The non-aqueous electrolyte according to  claim 1 , wherein a content of the vinyl sulfate is 0-2 wt % of the total mass of the non-aqueous electrolyte. 
     
     
       7. A lithium-ion battery, comprising the non-aqueous electrolyte according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
       8. The lithium-ion battery according to  claim 7 , wherein the lithium-ion battery further comprises a positive electrode sheet containing a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode sheet containing a negative electrode active material and a lithium-ion diaphragm. 
     
     
       9. The lithium-ion battery according to  claim 8 , wherein the positive electrode active material is selected from one or more of a layered lithium transition metal composite oxide, a lithium manganate and a lithium cobalt oxide mixed ternary material; a chemical formula of the layered lithium transition metal composite oxide is Li 1+x Ni y  Co z M (1−y−z) Q 2 , wherein −0.1≤x≤1, 0≤y≤1, 0≤z≤1, and 0≤y+z≤1; wherein M is one or more of Mg, Zn, Ga, Ba, Al, Fe, Cr, Sn, V, Mn, Sc, Ti, Nb, Mo and Zr; Q is one or more of O, F, P and S: the negative electrode active material is selected from one or more of a carbon material, a silicon-based material, a tin-based material or their corresponding alloy materials. 
     
     
       10. The lithium-ion battery according to  claim 7 , wherein an operating voltage range of the lithium-ion battery is 4.25V and more. 
     
     
       11. The lithium-ion battery according to  claim 8 , wherein an operating voltage range of the lithium-ion battery is 4.25V and more. 
     
     
       12. The lithium-ion battery according to  claim 9 , wherein an operating voltage range of the lithium-ion battery is 4.25V and more.