Method for preparing nano-porous carbon material

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for preparing a nano-porous carbon material, comprising the following steps of: mixing polypyrrole nano-fibers with an activator, conducting microwave heating for reaction, and purifying to obtain the nano-porous carbon material. Compared with a conventional high-temperature carbonization method, the method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material of the present disclosure is simple in raw material, convenient to operate, less in time consumption and more suitable for mass preparation and production of the nano-porous carbon materials.

The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A method for preparing a nano-porous carbon material, comprising the following steps of: mixing polypyrrole nano-fibers with an activator, conducting microwave heating for reaction, and purifying to obtain the nano-porous carbon material. 
     
     
       2. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 1 , wherein a mass ratio of the polypyrrole nano-fibers and the activator is 1:(1-5.5). 
     
     
       3. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 2 , wherein a method for preparing the polypyrrole nano-fibers comprises the following steps of:
 mixing a pyrrole monomer with a solvent to obtain a pyrrole monomer solution, and reacting the pyrrole monomer solution with vanadium pentoxide sol and an oxidizing agent to obtain the polypyrrole nano-fibers. 
 
     
     
       4. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 3 , wherein in the method for preparing the polypyrrole nano-fibers, a ratio of raw materials is as follows: a volume ratio of the pyrrole monomer, the solvent and the vanadium pentoxide sol is 1:(40-80):(0.5-5); and ratio of the pyrrole monomer and the oxidizing agent is 1 mL:(0.5-5) g. 
     
     
       5. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 4 , wherein in the method for preparing the polypyrrole nano-fibers, the solvent is at least one selected from the grouping consisting of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid. 
     
     
       6. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 4 , wherein the vanadium pentoxide sol is obtained by reacting ammonium metavanadate with an aqueous dispersion liquid of cation exchange resin. 
     
     
       7. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 4 , wherein in the method for preparing the polypyrrole nano-fibers, the oxidizing agent is at least one selected from the grouping consisting of persulfate, ferric chloride, ferric nitrate, ferric sulfate and hydrogen peroxide. 
     
     
       8. The method for the preparing nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 2 , wherein the activator is at least one selected from the grouping consisting of zinc chloride, alkali metal hydroxide and phosphoric acid. 
     
     
       9. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 1 , wherein the microwave heating is conducted for 10-60 min in a microwave device with a power of 800-1500 W and a microwave frequency of 2400-2500 MHz. 
     
     
       10. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 1 , wherein a method of the purifying comprises the following steps of: washing the resulting product obtained by microwave heating with acid and water, and then drying. 
     
     
       11. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 1 , wherein the mass ratio of the polypyrrole nano-fibers and the activator is 1:(4-5.5). 
     
     
       12. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 3 , wherein in the method for preparing the polypyrrole nano-fibers, wherein the volume ratio of the pyrrole monomer, the solvent and the vanadium pentoxide sol is 1:(50-70):(0.8-2). 
     
     
       13. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 4 , wherein in the method for preparing the polypyrrole nano-fibers, the solvent is hydrochloric acid, and a concentration of hydrochloric acid is 0.5 mol/L-2 mol/L. 
     
     
       14. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 6 , the method for preparing the vanadium pentoxide sol comprises the following steps of: mixing the cation exchange resin with water, then adding the ammonium metavanadate for uniform mixing, and aging to obtain the vanadium pentoxide sol. 
     
     
       15. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 14 , in the method for preparing the vanadium pentoxide sol, a mass ratio of the cation exchange resin, the water and the ammonium metavanadate is 1:(10-50):(0.05-0.2). 
     
     
       16. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 14 , in the method for preparing the vanadium pentoxide sol, the time for aging is 3-20 days. 
     
     
       17. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 4 , wherein in the method for preparing the polypyrrole nano-fibers, the oxidizing agent is at least one selected from the grouping consisting of potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate and ammonium persulfate. 
     
     
       18. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 3 , wherein the method for preparing the polypyrrole nano-fibers further comprises a purifying step. 
     
     
       19. The method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material according to  claim 1 , wherein the microwave heating is conducted for 15-45 min in the microwave device with the power of 1000 W and the microwave frequency of 2450 MHz.