Antenna, ultra wide band antenna array, and electronic device

Abstract

This application provides an antenna, an ultra wide band antenna array, and an electronic device, where the antenna operates in a target frequency band and is arranged on a metal substrate, and the antenna includes a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch, a first short-circuit wall, and a second short-circuit wall, a projection of the first radiation patch on the metal substrate overlaps with a projection of the second radiation patch on the metal substrate, a projection of the first short-circuit wall on the metal substrate does not overlap with a projection of the second short-circuit wall on the metal substrate, the first short-circuit wall is respectively connected to the first radiation patch and the metal substrate, the second short-circuit wall is respectively connected to the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An antenna, wherein the antenna operates in a target frequency band, a width of the target frequency band is greater than a preset threshold, the target frequency band comprises a first frequency and a second frequency, and the antenna is arranged on a metal substrate; and the antenna comprises a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch, a first short-circuit wall, and a second short-circuit wall, a projection of the first radiation patch and a projection of the second radiation patch on the metal substrate overlap, a projection of the first short-circuit wall on the metal substrate does not overlap with a projection of the second short-circuit wall on the metal substrate, the first short-circuit wall is located between the first radiation patch and the metal substrate, and is respectively connected to a first side of the first radiation patch and the metal substrate, the first side is a side of the first radiation patch perpendicular to a first radiation side, and the first radiation patch transmits a signal along the first radiation side, the second short-circuit wall is located between the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch, and is respectively connected to the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch, a resonant frequency of the first radiation patch is the first frequency, and a resonant frequency of the second radiation patch is the second frequency; and a projection of the first radiation side of the first radiation patch on the metal substrate overlaps with a projection of a second radiation side on the metal substrate on the second radiation patch, and the second radiation patch transmits a signal along the second radiation side,
 wherein the antenna further comprises a first structural body, and the first structural body is configured to adjust impedance of the first radiation patch; and/or the antenna further comprises a second structural body, and the second structural body is configured to adjust impedance of the second radiation patch. 
 
     
     
       2. The antenna according to  claim 1 , wherein the second short-circuit wall is connected to a second side of the second radiation patch, and the second side is a side of the second radiation patch that is farthest from the first side. 
     
     
       3. The antenna according to  claim 2 , wherein the second short-circuit wall is connected to a third side of the first radiation patch, and the third side is a side of the first radiation patch that is not adjacent to the first side. 
     
     
       4. The antenna according to  claim 2 , wherein a projection of a fourth side of the second radiation patch on the metal substrate overlaps with a projection of the first side on the metal substrate, and the fourth side is a side that is not adjacent to the second side. 
     
     
       5. The antenna according to  claim 1 , wherein an area of the second radiation patch is greater than an area of the first radiation patch, the second short-circuit wall is connected to a third side of the first radiation patch, and the third side is a side of the first radiation patch that is not adjacent to the first side. 
     
     
       6. The antenna according to  claim 5 , wherein the second short-circuit wall is connected to a second side of the second radiation patch, and the second side is a side of the second radiation patch that is farthest from the first side. 
     
     
       7. The antenna according to  claim 5 , wherein a projection of a fourth side of the second radiation patch on the metal substrate overlaps with a projection of the first side on the metal substrate, and the fourth side is a side of the second radiation patch that is closest to the first side. 
     
     
       8. The antenna according to  claim 1 , wherein the antenna further comprises a feed source, a third short-circuit wall, and a first metal body, the first radiation patch comprises a first groove, the first metal body is arranged in the first groove, one end of the first metal body is connected to the third short-circuit wall, and the other end of the first metal body is connected to the feed source; and when the antenna operates in the target frequency band, the feed source sends an excitation signal to the second radiation patch through a gap between the first metal body and the first radiation patch. 
     
     
       9. The antenna according to  claim 1 , wherein the antenna further comprises a feed source and a fourth short-circuit wall, the first radiation patch comprises a second groove, the fourth short-circuit wall is connected to the second radiation patch and the metal substrate through the second groove, and the feed source sends an excitation signal to the fourth short-circuit wall through the first radiation patch. 
     
     
       10. The antenna according to  claim 1 , wherein a length of the first radiation patch is ¼ λ 1 , and a length of the second radiation patch is ¼ λ 2 , wherein λ 1  is a wavelength corresponding to the first frequency, and λ 2  is a wavelength corresponding to the second frequency. 
     
     
       11. An ultra-wide band antenna array, wherein the ultra-wide band antenna array comprises at least three antennas, wherein each of the at least three antennas operates in a target frequency band, a width of the target frequency band is greater than a preset threshold, the target frequency band comprises a first frequency and a second frequency, and the antenna is arranged on a metal substrate; and the antenna comprises a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch, a first short-circuit wall, and a second short-circuit wall, a projection of the first radiation patch and a projection of the second radiation patch on the metal substrate overlap, a projection of the first short-circuit wall on the metal substrate does not overlap with a projection of the second short-circuit wall on the metal substrate, the first short-circuit wall is located between the first radiation patch and the metal substrate, and is respectively connected to a first side of the first radiation patch and the metal substrate, the first side is a side of the first radiation patch perpendicular to a first radiation side, and the first radiation patch transmits a signal along the first radiation side, the second short-circuit wall is located between the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch, and is respectively connected to the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch, a resonant frequency of the first radiation patch is the first frequency, and a resonant frequency of the second radiation patch is the second frequency; and a projection of the first radiation side of the first radiation patch on the metal substrate overlaps with a projection of a second radiation side on the metal substrate on the second radiation patch, and the second radiation patch transmits a signal along the second radiation side,
 wherein the antenna further comprises a first structural body, and the first structural body is configured to adjust impedance of the first radiation patch; and/or the antenna further comprises a second structural body, and the second structural body is configured to adjust impedance of the second radiation patch. 
 
     
     
       12. An electronic device, wherein the electronic device comprises a ultra-wide band antenna array, wherein the ultra-wide band antenna array comprises at least three antennas, wherein each of the at least three antennas operates in a target frequency band, a width of the target frequency band is greater than a preset threshold, the target frequency band comprises a first frequency and a second frequency, and the antenna is arranged on a metal substrate; and the antenna comprises a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch, a first short-circuit wall, and a second short-circuit wall, a projection of the first radiation patch and a projection of the second radiation patch on the metal substrate overlap, a projection of the first short-circuit wall on the metal substrate does not overlap with a projection of the second short-circuit wall on the metal substrate, the first short-circuit wall is located between the first radiation patch and the metal substrate, and is respectively connected to a first side of the first radiation patch and the metal substrate, the first side is a side of the first radiation patch perpendicular to a first radiation side, and the first radiation patch transmits a signal along the first radiation side, the second short-circuit wall is located between the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch, and is respectively connected to the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch, a resonant frequency of the first radiation patch is the first frequency, and a resonant frequency of the second radiation patch is the second frequency; and a projection of the first radiation side of the first radiation patch on the metal substrate overlaps with a projection of a second radiation side on the metal substrate on the second radiation patch, and the second radiation patch transmits a signal along the second radiation side,
 wherein the antenna further comprises a first structural body, and the first structural body is configured to adjust impedance of the first radiation patch; and/or the antenna further comprises a second structural body, and the second structural body is configured to adjust impedance of the second radiation patch. 
 
     
     
       13. The electronic device according to  claim 12 , wherein the second short-circuit wall is connected to a second side of the second radiation patch, and the second side is a side of the second radiation patch that is farthest from the first side. 
     
     
       14. The electronic device according to  claim 13 , wherein the second short-circuit wall is connected to a third side of the first radiation patch, and the third side is a side of the first radiation patch that is not adjacent to the first side. 
     
     
       15. The electronic device according to  claim 13 , wherein a projection of a fourth side of the second radiation patch on the metal substrate overlaps with a projection of the first side on the metal substrate, and the fourth side is a side that is not adjacent to the second side. 
     
     
       16. The electronic device according to  claim 12 , wherein an area of the second radiation patch is greater than an area of the first radiation patch, the second short-circuit wall is connected to a third side of the first radiation patch, and the third side is a side of the first radiation patch that is not adjacent to the first side. 
     
     
       17. The electronic device according to  claim 16 , wherein the second short-circuit wall is connected to a second side of the second radiation patch, and the second side is a side of the second radiation patch that is farthest from the first side. 
     
     
       18. The electronic device according to  claim 16 , wherein a projection of a fourth side of the second radiation patch on the metal substrate overlaps with a projection of the first side on the metal substrate, and the fourth side is a side of the second radiation patch that is closest to the first side.