US12433260B1ActiveUtilityA1
Method for determining ecological flow process and water temperature process of habitat requirements of full life history of fish
Est. expiryApr 1, 2044(~17.7 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
A01K 61/95A01K 61/10Y02A40/81A01K 63/04A01K 63/003
51
PatentIndex Score
0
Cited by
1
References
9
Claims
Abstract
Disclosed is a method for determining an ecological flow process and a water temperature process of habitat requirements throughout a life history of fish, the method performs a two-factor crossover experiment with different water temperatures and flow velocities for fish in different life history stages, makes fitting according to experimental data to obtain curved surfaces of two-factor interaction relationship between fish in the different life history stages, water temperature, flow velocity, and obtains suitable water temperatures and flow velocities for fish in the different life history stages according to the curved surfaces of two-factor interaction relationship, and then determines ecological flow process and water temperature process of habitat requirements throughout a life history of the fish.
Claims
exact text as granted — not AI-modifiedWhat is claimed is:
1. A method for determining an ecological flow process and a water temperature process of habitat requirements throughout a life history of fish, comprising following steps:
(1) dividing a number of fish eggs with synchronized development in an embryonic stage into a plurality of groups, and carrying out a two-factor crossover experiment with different water temperatures and flow velocities on each of the groups in a first annular water tank to obtain a number of hatched fish eggs and a number of survived fish eggs in each of the groups after the two-factor crossover experiment;
(2) dividing a number of fish with synchronized development in an juvenile stage into a plurality of groups, with equal numbers of male fish and female fish in each of the groups, and carrying out a two-factor crossover experiment with different water temperatures and flow velocities on each of the groups in a second annular water tank to obtain relative expression levels of feminization genes and masculinization genes through comprehensive transcriptomics analysis after the two-factor crossover experiment;
(3) dividing a number of fish with synchronized development in an adult stage into a plurality of groups, with equal numbers of male fish and female fish in each of the groups, and carrying out a two-factor crossover experiment with different water temperatures and flow velocities on each of the groups in a third annular water tank to obtain a spawning quantity of each of the groups after the two-factor crossover experiment;
(4) obtaining spawning quantities of fish at different water temperatures and flow velocities during a wild spawning season, as well as water temperatures and flow velocities at a time of spawning;
(5) calculating a hatching rate and a survival rate for each group of fish eggs based on numbers of hatched fish eggs and survived fish eggs of each of the groups, and fitting to obtain a curved surface of two-factor interaction relationship between the water temperature, the flow velocity and the hatching rate, and a curved surface of two-factor interaction relationship between the water temperature, the flow velocity and the survival rate according to the hatching rates and survival rates of the plurality of groups, as well as water temperatures and flow velocities corresponding to working conditions; obtaining a water temperature range and a flow velocity range for a first embryonic stage where the hatching rate reaches a preset range of hatching rate according to the curved surface of two-factor interaction relationship between the water temperature, the flow velocity and the hatching rate; obtaining a water temperature range and a flow velocity range for a second embryonic stage where the hatching rate reaches a preset range of survival rate according to the curved surface of two-factor interaction relationship between the water temperature, the flow velocity and the survival rate; identifying an overlapping part of the water temperature range for the first embryonic stage and the water temperature range for the second embryonic stage as a suitable water temperature range for the embryonic stage, and identifying an overlapping part of the flow velocity range for the first embryonic stage and the flow velocity range for the second embryonic stage as a suitable flow velocity range for the embryonic stage;
(6) calculating a gonadal development level of female fish and a gonadal development level of male fish in each of the groups according to the relative expression levels of feminization genes and masculinization genes of each of the groups, fitting to obtain a curved surface of two-factor interaction relationship between the water temperature, the flow velocity and the gonadal development level of female fish, and a curved surface of two-factor interaction relationship between the water temperature, the flow velocity and the gonadal development level of male fish according to the gonadal development levels and corresponding water temperature and flow velocity; obtaining a water temperature range and a flow velocity range for a first juvenile stage where the gonadal development level of female fish reaches a preset range of developmental level according to the curved surface of two-factor interaction relationship between the water temperature, the flow velocity and the gonadal development level of female fish; obtaining a water temperature range and flow velocity range for a second juvenile stage where the gonadal development level of male fish reaches a preset range of developmental level according to the curved surface of two-factor interaction relationship between the water temperature, the flow velocity and the gonadal development level of male fish; identifying an overlapping part of the water temperature range for the first juvenile stage and the water temperature range for the second juvenile stage as a suitable water temperature range for the juvenile stage, and identifying an overlapping part of the flow velocity range for the first juvenile stage and the flow velocity range for the second juvenile stage as a suitable flow velocity range for the juvenile stage;
(7) obtaining a first dataset according to the spawning quantity of each of the groups and the corresponding water temperature and flow velocity after the two-factor crossover experiment; obtaining a second dataset according to a spawning quantity of wild fish and the corresponding water temperature and flow velocity; standardizing the first dataset and the second dataset, fitting a curved surface of two-factor interaction relationship between the water temperature, the flow velocity and a standardized spawning quantity according to the standardized spawning quantity and the corresponding water temperature and the flow velocity; and obtaining a standardized water temperature range and flow velocity range where the standardized spawning quantity reaches a preset spawning quantity threshold according to the curved surface of two-factor interaction relationship between the water temperature, the flow velocity and the standardized spawning quantity as a suitable water temperature and a suitable flow velocity for the adult stage;
(8) obtaining upper and lower limits of ecological flow ranges for the embryonic, juvenile, and adult stages by multiplying upper and lower limits of the suitable flow velocity ranges for the embryonic, juvenile, and adult stages by a cross-sectional area of a target river, and summarizing the ecological flow ranges for the embryonic, juvenile, and adult stages to obtain the ecological flow process and the water temperature process throughout the life history of fish; and
(9) summarizing the suitable water temperature ranges for the embryonic, juvenile, and adult stages to obtain the water temperature process throughout the life history of fish,
wherein the first annular water tank is composed of a first straight section, a first curved section, a second straight section, and a second curved section that are connected in sequence, booster pumps are installed on both sides of straight sections, and different flow velocities are achieved by controlling a number of the booster pumps to be turned on; and the first annular water tank is completely placed in a temperature-controlled room, such that different water temperature conditions are achieved.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a method to obtain relative expression levels of feminization genes and masculinization genes comprises:
collecting gonadal tissue samples from the fish, performing a transcriptome sequencing on the gonadal tissue samples using a transcriptome sequencing tool to obtain gene sequence data; and
taking gene of the group with the working conditions closest to a real environmental state as a control group based on conditions of a false discovery rate (FDR)≤0.05 and fold change (FC)≥2, determining all differentially expressed feminization genes and masculinization genes, and analyzing relative expression levels of differentially expressed feminization genes and masculinization genes of each of the groups relative to the control group.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein calculation methods for gonadal development levels of female fish and male fish are as follows:
performing statistics of a number of differentially expressed feminization genes and a number of differentially expressed masculinization genes; and
calculating the gonadal development levels of female fish and male fish through the relative expression levels of feminization genes and masculinization genes according to following formulae:
Gonadal
development
level
of
female
fish
=
∑
Relative
expression
level
of
feminization
genes
Number
of
the
differentially
expressed
feminization
genes
-
∑
Relative
expression
level
of
masculinization
genes
Number
of
the
differentially
expressed
masculinization
genes
Gonadal
development
level
of
male
fish
=
∑
Relative
expression
level
of
masculinization
genes
Number
of
the
differentially
expressed
masculinization
genes
-
∑
Relative
expression
level
of
feminization
genes
Number
of
the
differentially
expressed
feminization
genes
.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second annular water tank has a diameter greater than that of the first annular water tank; the second annular water tank is composed of a first straight section, a first curved section, a second straight section, and a second curved section that are connected in sequence; electric propellers are installed on both sides of straight sections, achieving working conditions of different flow velocities through different powers of the electric propellers; and the second annular water tank is covered with a translucent tarpaulin, a plurality of electric heating rods are placed inside the second annular water tank at intervals, and a cooling water circulating industrial chiller is also placed inside the second annular water tank to achieve working conditions of different water temperatures.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the third annular water tank has a diameter greater than that of the second annular water tank, the third annular water tank is composed of a first triangular section, a first curved section, a second triangular section, and a second curved section that are connected in sequence; each of the first triangular section and the second triangular section is composed of a base and two hypotenuses located on the base, the base is connected to inner edges of the first curved section and the second curved section, the two hypotenuses are respectively connected to outer edges of the first curved section and second curved section, barrier nets and a plurality of thrusters are arranged in the first triangular section and the second triangular section, a plurality of submersible pumps are arranged inside the barrier nets, and different combinations of thrusters and submersible pumps achieve working conditions of different flow velocities; and a plurality of electric heating tubes are placed at intervals inside each of the first curved section and the second curved section, and a water cooling device is also placed to achieve work conditions of different water temperatures.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a setting method of working conditions for the two-factor crossover experiment is as follows:
selecting m water temperature point values at equal intervals from a survivable water temperature range for the fish, and selecting n flow velocity point values at equal intervals from a survivable flow velocity range for the fish; and
selecting any point value from the m water temperature point values, selecting any point value from the n flow velocity point values, combining the point value in pair to obtain m×n different combinations, and taking each of the combinations as working conditions for one group of the fish.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a sampling method for the wild spawning season is as follows:
sampling fish eggs, a flow velocity, and a water temperature at a target cross section of a target river section during a spawning season continuously at regular intervals until no fish eggs is found;
obtaining a flow velocity and a water temperature at an upstream of the target cross section upon sampling;
identifying a number of fish eggs, an egg density and a embryo development time of fish eggs;
considering a location at a distance L from an upstream direction to the target cross section as a fish spawning site, and L=flow velocity at the target cross section×embryo development time;
obtaining a flow velocity and a water temperature of the fish spawning site according to the flow velocity and water temperature at the upstream of the target cross section during sampling, and taking the same as flow velocity and water temperature of a spawning cross section; and
determining a spawning quantity at each moment at the spawning cross section according to an identified number of fish eggs.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a method for obtaining the second dataset is as follows:
considering a continuous time period during which spawning behavior occurs for more than 2 consecutive days as a spawning event according to the spawning quantity at each moment at a spawning cross section;
identifying a moment when the spawning quantity of each spawning event increases by a preset percentage over a previous moment as a spawning peak event; and
obtaining and identifying a flow velocity and a water temperature at a spawning cross section corresponding to a moment with a maximum egg density of each spawning peak event as the second dataset.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the curved surface of two-factor interaction relationship is fitted using Gaussian regression.Cited by (0)
No later patents cite this yet.
References (0)
No backward citations on record.