Application of sulfated polysaccharides in resisting novel coronavirus

Abstract

The disclosure provides application of sulfated polysaccharides in resisting novel coronavirus, belonging to the technical field of biomedicine. It is confirmed in the disclosure that by binding to an S protein on the surface of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the sea cucumber polysaccharides, fucoidans or carrageenans can prevent cell membranes of body cells from adsorbing and internalizing the SARS-CoV-2 virus, thereby preventing the SARS-CoV-2 virus from infecting the body cells, which indicates that the sea cucumber polysaccharides, fucoidans or carrageenans have the effect of prevention and treatment of pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus. These polysaccharides can be used to prepare protective articles having functions of prevention and treatment of novel coronavirus infection, for example: inhalations, hand lotions, oral liquids and respirators.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A method of inhibiting a novel coronavirus SARS-COV-2 infection in a subject in need thereof, comprising:
 providing sea cucumber polysaccharides to the subject, thereby binding of the sea cucumber polysaccharides to an S protein on the surface of SARS-COV-2 of the subject to prevent the SARS-COV-2 virus from invading body cells, wherein the sea cucumber polysaccharides comprise sea cucumber sulfated fucan and sea cucumber fucosylated chondroitin sulfate. 
 
     
     
       2. The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the sea cucumber polysaccharides are produced by the following steps:
 cleaning, boiling, draining, dicing and freeze-drying sea cucumbers to produce a freeze dried sea cucumber, 
 soaking the freeze dried sea cucumber in acetone at 4° C. for 24 hours, 
 air-drying the freeze dried sea cucumber at room temperature, 
 obtaining a mixture by adding to 1 gram of the freeze dried sea cucumber: 30 mL of 0.1 mol/L sodium acetate buffer solution at pH 6.0, 100 mg of papain with specific enzyme activity of 2 units/mg, 48 mg of ethylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid, and 18 mg of cysteine, 
 vortex-mixing the mixture, 
 shaking the mixture in a 60° C. water bath for 24 hours to produce a first reaction mixture, 
 centrifuging the first reaction mixture, 
 removing a supernatant from the first reaction mixture, 
 adding 1.6 mL of 10% cetylpyridinium chloride solution to the supernatant, to produce a second reaction mixture, 
 allowing the second reaction mixture to stand at room temperature for 24 hours, 
 centrifuging the second reaction mixture, 
 removing a first precipitate from the second reaction mixture, 
 dissolving the first precipitate in 15 mL of 3 mol/L NaCl-ethanol solution to produce a first precipitate solution, 
 adding 30 mL of a 95% ethanol solution to the first precipitate solution to produce a precipitate ethanol mixture, 
 allowing the precipitate ethanol mixture to stand at 4° C. for 24 hours, 
 centrifuging the precipitate ethanol mixture, 
 removing a second precipitate from the centrifuged precipitate ethanol mixture, 
 washing the second precipitate with 80% ethanol 2 to 3 times, 
 washing the second precipitate with 95% ethanol 2 to 3 times, 
 air-drying the second precipitate at room temperature, 
 dissolving the second precipitate in distilled water to produce a second precipitate solution, 
 desalting the second precipitate solution with a dialysis bag to produce a product, and 
 freeze-drying the product to obtain the sea cucumber polysaccharides. 
 
     
     
       3. The method of  claim 1 ,
 wherein the sea cucumber polysaccharides are from sea cucumbers selected from one or more of  Aspidochirotida: Holothuriidae, Aspidochirotida: Stichopodidae, Molpadida: Caudinidae , and  Dendrochirotida: Cucumariidae.    
 
     
     
       4. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the sulfated fucan has a molecular weight of less than 670 kDa, and wherein the fucosylated chondroitin sulfate has a molecular weight of 179 kDa. 
     
     
       5. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the sea cucumber polysaccharides comprise glucosamine (GIcN), galactosamine (GaIN), glucose (Glc), galactose (Gal), and fucose (Fuc), in a mole ratio of 1.0:1.7:1.1:1.8:16.0. 
     
     
       6. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the sea cucumber polysaccharides comprise uronic acid at a concentration of 16.5±0.5%.