Method for operating a power plant including a co2 process

Abstract

In a method for operating a power plant by means of a CO 2 process, isentropic compression first takes place, subsequently an isobaric heat supply, then isentropic expansion, and finally isobaric heat discharge. The CO 2 process broken down here takes place with internal combustion, a fuel ( 21 ) and the oxygen ( 18 ) necessary for oxidization being supplied. After the charging of the CO 2 circuit ( 23 ) has been carried out, the excess CO 2 formed from combustion is discharged continuously, in that this gas is led through a cooler ( 14 ), in which said gas is condensed. In order to dispose of this condensed CO 2 ( 15 ), there are available here, for example, the possibilities of storing this CO 2 on the ocean floor or of introducing the condensed CO 2 into a worked-out deposit of natural gas.

What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent of the United States is:  
     
         1 . A method for operating a power plant by means of a CO 2  process, the method consisting of isentropic compression, isobaric and/or isochoric heat supply, isentropic expansion and isobaric and/or isochoric heat discharge, wherein the CO 2  process is operated with internal combustion, and wherein, in addition to a fuel ( 21 ), the oxygen ( 18 ) necessary for oxidation is also supplied.  
     
     
         2 . The method as claimed in    claim 1   , wherein, in cooperation with the process, excess water ( 25 ) and CO 2  ( 15 ) are condensed out and are separated from the process.  
     
     
         3 . The method as claimed in claims  1  and  2 , wherein the degree of charging of the process and, consequently, its power are regulated by the separation of CO 2  at an appropriate rate.  
     
     
         4 . The method as claimed in    claim 1   , wherein the power plant is started up by the connection of an air startup flap ( 7 ) acting upstream of compression.  
     
     
         5 . The method as claimed in    claim 2   , wherein a CO 2  part quantity extracted from the process is condensed out in a cooler ( 14 ).  
     
     
         6 . The method as claimed in    claim 5   , wherein parasitic gases ( 16 ) occurring in the process are separated out from the cooler ( 14 ) downstream of the latter.  
     
     
         7 . A setup for carrying out the method as claimed in one or more of claims  1 - 6 , the power plant being capable of being operated by means of a circulation gas, wherein the power plant consists of a gas turbine with a closed or quasi closed circuit, and wherein the gas turbine has at least one compressor unit ( 1 ), one combustion chamber ( 3 ), one turbine ( 2 ) and one generator ( 4 ).  
     
     
         8 . The setup as claimed in    claim 7   , wherein the compressor unit ( 1 ) has at least one intermediate cooler ( 28 ).  
     
     
         9 . The setup as claimed in    claim 7   , wherein the compressor unit ( 1 ) has means for isothermal cooling.  
     
     
         10 . The setup as claimed in claims  5  and  7 , wherein the cooler for condensing out the CO 2  is arranged on the outflow side of the compressor unit.  
     
     
         11 . The setup as claimed in    claim 7   , wherein a cooler or heat exchanger ( 24 ) for separating a water quantity ( 25 ) occurring in the process is arranged on the outflow side of the turbine.  
     
     
         12 . The setup as claimed in one of claims  7 - 11 , wherein at least one steam circuit ( 31 ,  34 , . . . ) operated in cooperation with the exhaust gases from the turbine is arranged on the outflow side of the gas turbine.  
     
     
         13 . The setup as claimed in    claim 12   , wherein the steam circuit consists at least of a waste-heat steam generator ( 31 ) and at least one steam turbine ( 32 ).  
     
     
         14 . The setup as claimed in one of claims  7 - 13 , wherein the gas turbine is based on sequential firing.  
     
     
         15 . The setup as claimed in    claim 14   , wherein the gas turbine consists of a compressor unit, of a first combustion chamber acting downstream of the compressor unit, of a first turbine acting downstream of the first combustion chamber, of a second combustion chamber acting downstream of the first turbine and of a second turbine acting downstream of the second combustion chamber, and wherein the second combustion chamber is designed as a spontaneously igniting combustion chamber.  
     
     
         16 . The setup as claimed in    claim 15   , wherein the turbomachines are arranged on a common rotor shaft.  
     
     
         17 . The setup as claimed in    claim 15   , wherein the second combustion chamber is equipped with vortex-generating elements.  
     
     
         18 . A setup for carrying out the method as claimed in one or more of claims  1 - 6 , the power plant being capable of being operated by means of a circulation gas, wherein the power plant consists of at least one combustion chamber ( 3 ), one turbine ( 2 ) and one generator ( 4 ), wherein a water pump ( 58 ) compresses the circulation gas ( 23 ) in cooperation with an injector ( 60 ), wherein a recuperator ( 64 ) is arranged on the outflow side of the turbine, wherein the compressed circulation gas ( 63 ) flows through the recuperator, and wherein a quantity of circulation gas ( 67 ) is separated and can be condensed out upstream of the recuperator.  
     
     
         19 . The setup as claimed in    claim 18   , wherein the water pump ( 58 ) is driven by the turbine ( 2 ).  
     
     
         20 . The setup as claimed in    claim 18   , wherein the circulation gas can be compressed isothermally by a water atomization device, in that this water atomization device mixes the circulation gas to be compressed with atomized water drops, so that a water/circulation gas mixture is obtained, wherein this water/circulation gas mixture enters a chamber, in which the water is separated from the compressed circulation gas, and wherein this circulation gas can be supplied through a further duct directly or indirectly to the combustion chamber ( 3 ).  
     
     
         21 . The setup as claimed in    claim 20   , wherein the water atomization device is a high-pressure water injector.  
     
     
         22 . A setup for carrying out the method as claimed in one or more of claims  1 - 6 , the power plant being capable of being operated by means of a circulation gas, wherein the power plant is a piston engine ( 69 / 70 ) capable of being operated by spontaneous or spark ignition.  
     
     
         23 . The setup as claimed in    claim 22   , wherein the piston engine is a four-stroke internal combustion engine.  
     
     
         24 . The setup as claimed in    claim 22   , wherein the circulation gas can be extracted, as required, from a storage volume ( 71 ).  
     
     
         25 . The setup as claimed in    claim 22   , wherein the excess circulation gas can be extracted from the cycle ( 80 ) at a suitable point for further condensation.  
     
     
         26 . The setup as claimed in    claim 7   ,    18    or  22 , wherein the charging pressure of the power plant can be regulated by an appropriate metering of the extraction of the excess circulation gas.  
     
     
         27 . The method as claimed in    claim 1   , wherein the compression and expansion developed quasi-insentropic.  
     
     
         28 . The setup as claimed in    claim 9   , wherein the cooling developed quasi-isothermal.