Organophosphoryl borates and lubricants and aqueous fluids containing the same

Abstract

A borate ester represented by one of the following formulae: ((R 1 ) 2 P(X 2 )X 1 R 2 O) 3 B or wherein each R 1 is independently hydrocarbyl, a hydrocarbyloxy or a hydrocarbylthio group or both R 1 on the same phosphorus atom taken together form a heterocyclic group; each X 1 and X 2 is independently an oxygen or sulfur; and each R 2 is independently a hydrocarbylene group. These reaction products are useful as lubricant additives for oil-based and water-based functional fluids. These materials act as anti-wear, extreme pressure and friction modifying agents.

What is claimed:  
     
         1 . A borate ester represented by one of the following formulae:  
       ((R 1 ) 2  P(X 2 )X 1 R 2 O) 3  B  
       or  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein each R 1  is independently hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl, a hydrocarbyloxy or a hydrocarbylthio group or both R 1  on the same phosphorus atom taken together form a heterocyclic group; each X 1  and X 2  is independently an oxygen or sulfur; and each R 2  is independently a hydrocarbylene group, provided that at least one R 1  is other than hydrogen.  
     
     
         2 . The composition of    claim 1   , wherein each R 1  independently contains from one to about 30 carbon atoms.  
     
     
         3 . The composition of    claim 1   , wherein each R 1  is independently derived from an alcohol or phenol.  
     
     
         4 . The composition of    claim 1   , wherein each R 1  is independently derived from propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, methylamyl alcohol, cyclopentyl alcohol, cyclohexyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, octyl alcohol, heptyl phenol, tetrapropenylphenol or cresol.  
     
     
         5 . The composition of    claim 1   , wherein at least one of X 1  and X 2  is sulfur or at least one R 1  is a hydrocarbylthio group.  
     
     
         6 . The composition of    claim 1   , wherein X 1  and X 2  are sulfurs.  
     
     
         7 . The composition of    claim 1   , wherein X 1  and X 2  are oxygens.  
     
     
         8 . The composition of    claim 1   , wherein each R 2  is independently an alkylene having from one to about 30 carbon atoms or an arylene group having six to about 30 carbon atoms.  
     
     
         9 . The composition of    claim 1   , wherein each R 2  is independently derived from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, cyclohexene oxide, styrene oxide, decene oxide, tetradecene oxide, hexadecene oxide, or octadecene oxide.  
     
     
         10 . A borate ester prepared by reacting (A) a hydroxy-containing organophosphorus compound with (B) a boron compound, wherein the mixture is substantially free of dihydroxy phosphorus-free alcohols and dihydroxy fatty carboxylic esters.  
     
     
         11 . The borate ester of    claim 10   , wherein the hydroxy-containing organophosphorus compound (A) is prepared by reacting an organophosphorus acid with an epoxide.  
     
     
         12 . The borate ester of    claim 11   , wherein the organophosphorus acid is an organo mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-thiophosphoric acid.  
     
     
         13 . The borate ester of    claim 11   , wherein the organophosphorus acid is an organothiophosphorus acid prepared by reacting a phosphorus sulfide with at least one alcohol or phenol.  
     
     
         14 . The borate ester of    claim 13   , wherein the alcohol contains from one to about 30 carbon atoms and the phenol contains six to about 30 carbon atoms.  
     
     
         15 . The borate ester of    claim 13   , wherein the alcohol is independently selected from propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, methylamyl alcohol, cyclo-pentyl alcohol, cyclohexyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, octyl alcohol, heptylphenol, tetrapropenylphenol, and cresol.  
     
     
         16 . The borate ester of    claim 11   , wherein the epoxide is selected from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, cyclohexene oxide and styrene oxide, decene oxide, tetradecene oxide, hexadecene oxide and octadecene oxide.  
     
     
         17 . The borate ester of    claim 1   , wherein the epoxide is ethylene or propylene oxide.  
     
     
         18 . The borate ester of    claim 10   , wherein (B) the boron compound is boric acid.  
     
     
         19 . A lubricating or functional fluid composition, comprising: a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and the borate ester of    claim 1   .  
     
     
         20 . The lubricating or functional fluid composition of    claim 19   , wherein the composition is a gear oil.  
     
     
         21 . The composition of    claim 19   , further comprising at least one sulfurized organic composition or a dithiocarbonate-containing compound.  
     
     
         22 . The composition of    claim 21   , wherein the sulfurized compounds are selected from olefins, fatty acids, fatty oils, fatty esters, terpenes, Diels-Alder adducts and mixtures thereof; and wherein the dithiocarbamate-containing compound is selected from hydrocarbylene-coupled dithiocarbamates, sulfur-coupled dithiocarbamates and reaction products of dithiocarbamic acids or salts thereof with unsaturated acids, esters or amides.  
     
     
         23 . A lubricating or functional fluid composition, comprising: a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and the borate ester of    claim 10   .  
     
     
         24 . The composition of the    claim 23   , further comprising at least one sulfurized organic composition or a dithiocarbamate-containing compound.  
     
     
         25 . The lubricating or functional fluid composition of    claim 23   , wherein the composition is a gear oil.  
     
     
         26 . A lubricating or functional fluid composition, comprising: a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity, (i) a borate ester prepared by reacting a hydroxy-containing organophosphorus compound with a boron compound, and (ii) at least one sulfurized organic composition or a dithiocarbamate-containing compound.  
     
     
         27 . The composition of    claim 26   , wherein the sulfurized organic compound is a sulfurized compound selected from olefins, fatty acids, fatty oils, fatty esters, terpines, Diels-Alder adducts and mixtures thereof, and wherein the dithiocarbamate-containing compound is selected from hydrocarbylene-coupled dithiocarbamates, sulfur-coupled dithiocarbamates and reaction products of dithiocarbamic acids or salts thereof with unsaturated acids, esters or amides.  
     
     
         28 . The composition of    claim 26   , further comprising at least one extreme pressure agent, dispersant, or detergent.  
     
     
         29 . The composition of    claim 26   , wherein the borate ester is the borate ester of    claim 10   .  
     
     
         30 . A concentrate comprising: a substantially inert organic diluent and from about 10% to about 99% by weight of the borate ester of    claim 1   .  
     
     
         31 . A concentrate comprising: a substantially inert organic diluent and from about 10% to about 99% by weight of the borate ester of    claim 10   .  
     
     
         32 . An aqueous composition comprising water and the borate ester of    claim 1   .  
     
     
         33 . An aqueous compositions comprising water and the borate ester of    claim 10   .