Maleated high acid number high molecular weight polypropylene of low color

Abstract

A novel, continuous process for the manufacture of novel higher molecular weight and higher acid numbered maleated polypropylenes with lower color at higher efficiencies involving specified ratios of polypropylene, maleic anhydride, and free radical initiator is described. The novel maleated polypropylenes have an acid number greater than 4.5, a yellowness index color of no greater than 76, and a number average molecular weight of at least 20,000. The process entails continuously forming an intimate mixture of molten polypropylene and molten maleic anhydride at one end of a reactor, continuously introducing a free radical initiator, and continuously removing high acid number high molecular weight maleated polypropylene of low color from the opposite end of the reactor.

We claim:  
     
         1 . A composition of matter comprising a maleated polypropylene having an acid number greater than 4.5, a yellowness index color of no greater than 76, and a number average molecular weight of at least 20,000.  
     
     
         2 . The composition according to  claim 1  wherein said acid number is between 9 and 60.  
     
     
         3 . The composition according to  claim 1  wherein said yellowness index color is less than 60.  
     
     
         4 . The composition according to  claim 1  wherein said yellowness index color is less than 40.  
     
     
         5 . The composition according to  claim 1  wherein said number average molecular weight is between 20,000 and 100,000.  
     
     
         6 . The composition according to  claim 1  wherein said maleated polypropylene contains less than 2 weight percent comonomer.  
     
     
         7 . The composition according to  claim 6  wherein said maleated polypropylene is a homopolymer of propylene.  
     
     
         8 . A composition comprising a blend of about 10 to 90 weight percent nylon, about 10 to 90 weight percent polypropylene, and about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent of the composition of  claim 1 .  
     
     
         9 . A process for the production of high acid number high molecular weight maleated polypropylene of low color comprising; 
 (a) continuously forming an intimate mixture of molten polypropylene and molten maleic anhydride at one end of a reactor,    (b) continuously introducing a free radical initiator into said intimate mixture of molten polypropylene and molten maleic anhydride to produce a maleated polypropylene, and    (c) continuously removing the maleated polypropylene product from the opposite end of said reactor, 
 wherein the weight ratio of polypropylene to maleic anhydride is about 10 to 200, the molar ratio of polypropylene to free radical initiator is about 200 to 4,000, and the molar ratio of maleic anhydride to free radical initiator is about 1 to 70.  
   
     
     
         10 . The process according to  claim 9  wherein the weight ratio of polypropylene to maleic anhydride is about 25 to 60.  
     
     
         11 . The process according to  claim 9  wherein the molar ratio of polypropylene to free radical initiator is about 270 to 2,100.  
     
     
         12 . The process according to  claim 9  wherein the molar ratio of maleic anhydride to free radical initiator is about 3.5 to 15.  
     
     
         13 . The process according to  claim 9  wherein the melt flow rate of said polypropylene in (a) is about 0.1 to 50 at 230° C.  
     
     
         14 . The process according to  claim 13  wherein the melt flow rate of the polypropylene is about 0.1 to 20 at 230° C.  
     
     
         15 . The process according to  claim 9  wherein said reactor is a screw extruder.  
     
     
         16 . The process according to  claim 9  wherein said free radical initiator is a peroxide having a half life greater than 3 seconds at 180° C.  
     
     
         17 . The process according to  claim 16  wherein said peroxide is selected from the group consisting of ditertiary butyl peroxide, tertiary butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, p-menthane peroxide, p-menthane hydroperoxide and 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis-(t-butylperoxy)hexane.  
     
     
         18 . The process according to  claim 9  wherein step (b) is conducted at a temperature between 190 and 205° C.  
     
     
         19 . The process according to  claim 9  wherein the reaction proceeds at an efficiency rate of greater than 35 percent maleic anhydride incorporation into polypropylene.  
     
     
         20 . The process according to  claim 9  wherein the efficiency rate is at least 49 percent maleic anhydride incorporation into polypropylene.