System and method for rapidly determining a pulp kappa number using spectrophotometry

Abstract

A system and method for rapidly determining the pulp kappa number through direct measurement of the potassium permanganate concentration in a pulp-permanganate solution using spectrophotometry. Specifically, the present invention uses strong acidification to carry out the pulp-permanganate oxidation reaction in the pulp-permanganate solution to prevent the precipitation of manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ). Consequently, spectral interference from the precipitated MnO 2 is eliminated and the oxidation reaction becomes dominant. The spectral intensity of the oxidation reaction is then analyzed to determine the pulp kappa number.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A method for determining a pulp kappa number for a pulp sample, comprising the steps of: 
 (a) mixing continuously a pulp-reacting solution, said pulp-reacting solution comprising: 1) a predetermined amount of pulp containing fibers and 2) a predetermined amount of reacting solution, said reacting solution having strong acidification and including an oxidation agent, where mixing the pulp-reacting solution causes an oxidation reaction in the pulp-reacting solution;    (b) filtering the pulp-reacting solution to limit fiber flow;    (c) subjecting at least a segment of the fiber filtered pulp-reacting solution to light, wherein the light is partially absorbed by the oxidation agent in the pulp-reacting solution;    (d) generating a time-dependent absorption spectral intensity from the absorption of the light by the oxidation agent in the pulp-reacting solution;    (e) collecting the time-dependent absorption spectral intensity by a absorption spectrographic method to determine an absorption spectral intensity for the oxidation agent;    (f) analyzing the time-dependent absorption spectral intensity using an oxidation reaction kinetic analysis to determine an oxidation reaction end point; and    (g) calculating a pulp kappa number for the pulp sample based on the predetermined amount of pulp, the predetermined amount of reacting solution, the absorption spectral intensity of the oxidation agent before the oxidation reaction, and the absorption spectral intensity of the oxidation agent at the oxidation reaction end point.    
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the pulp-reacting solution is subjected to light by an optical flow cell, said optical flow cell being capable of transmitting visible light.  
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the pulp-reacting solution is subjected to light by a fiber optic probe, said fiber optic probe being capable of transmitting and redirecting visible light.  
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the predetermined amount of pulp ranges from about 0.05 to 1000 grams.  
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the oxidation agent is potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ).  
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 5 , wherein the reacting solution having strong acidification contains sulfuric acid, where the sulfuric acid has a concentration level sufficient to prevent a significant amount of MnO 2  from being precipitated during the oxidation reaction.  
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the reacting solution comprises the oxidation agent being 0.02 mol/L potassium permanganate solution and the strong acidification being 2.0 mol/L sulphuric acid, where the volume ratio of 0.02 mol/L potassium permanganate solution and 2.0 mol/L sulphuric acid is 1:4.  
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein the resulting sulfuric acid concentration in the pulp-reacting solution is about 1.6 mol/L.  
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the strong acidification of the reacting solution has an initial H +  concentration in the range of about 3.0 mol/L to 10 mol/L.  
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the absorption spectroscopic method uses the absorption spectral intensity of the oxidation agent at any selected wavelength between 450-600 nm.  
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the absorption spectroscopic method uses the absorption spectral intensity of the oxidation agent integrated over the entire absorption range of 450-600 nm.  
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the kappa number is calculated based on the equation,  
       
         
           
             
               
                 K 
                 = 
                 
                   
                     a 
                     w 
                   
                    
                   
                     ( 
                     
                       1 
                       - 
                       
                         
                           A 
                           e 
                         
                         
                           A 
                           0 
                         
                       
                     
                     ) 
                   
                 
               
               , 
             
           
           
           
               
           
         
       
       where K is the kappa number, a is the predetermined amount of reacting solution having strong acidification, w is the predetermined amount of pulp, A 0  is the oxidation agent absorption before the oxidation reaction, and A e  is the oxidation agent absorption spectral intensity at the oxidation reaction end point.  
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein A 0  is determined by obtaining the oxidation agent absorption in the reacting solution before performing the step (a).  
     
     
         14 . A system for determining permanganate absorption spectral intensities of a pulp-potassium permanganate solution, comprising: 
 a spectrometer for separating and detecting absorption spectral data of the pulp-potassium permanganate solution based on wavelengths;    a light transmitting device connected to the spectrometer, wherein the light transmitting device provides absorption data of the pulp-permanganate solution to the spectrometer, said absorption data being between 450 and 600 nm;    a filter for filtering the pulp-potassium permanganate solution before the light transmitting device provides the absorption data of the pulp-permanganate solution to the spectrometer;    a light source connected to the light transmitting device, wherein the light source provides light to the pulp-potassium permanganate solution for absorption; and    a computer system connected to the spectrometer, the computer system containing software program for collecting, displaying, and analyzing the absorption data of the pulp-potassium permanganate solution.    
     
     
         15 . The system of  claim 14 , wherein the light transmitting device is a flow cell for transmitting visible light.  
     
     
         16 . The system of  claim 15 , further comprising a pump connected to the flow cell, wherein the pump provides a flow of the pulp-potassium permanganate to the flow cell.  
     
     
         17 . The system of  claim 14 , wherein the light transmitting device is a fiber optic probe for transmitting and redirecting visible light.