Medicaments for chemotherapeutic treatment of disease

Abstract

New chemotherapeutic medicaments and certain medical uses and methods for use of such chemotherapeutic medicaments for treatment of disease in human or animal tissue are described, wherein a primary active component of such medicaments is a halogenated xanthene or halogenated xanthene derivative. Preferably, the halogenated xanthene is Rose Bengal or a functional derivative of Rose Bengal. The halogenated xanthenes constitute a family of useful chemotherapeutic agents that afford selective, persistent accumulation in certain tissues. In preferred embodiments, such medicaments are used for treatment of a variety of conditions affecting the skin and related organs, the mouth and digestive tract and related organs, the urinary and reproductive tracts and related organs, the respiratory tract and related organs, the circulatory system and related organs, the head and neck, the endocrine and lymphoreticular systems and related organs, various other tissues, such as connective tissues and various tissue surfaces exposed during surgery, as well as various tissues exhibiting microbial or parasitic infection. In another preferred embodiment, such medicaments are produced in various formulations useful for intracorporeal or topical administration, including in liquid, semisolid, solid or aerosol delivery vehicles.

We claim:  
     
         1 . A medicament comprising at least one halogenated xanthene as a primary active component, wherein said medicament is useful for chemotherapeutic treatment of human and animal tissue.  
     
     
         2 . The medicament of  claim 1  wherein said halogenated xanthene is present in a concentration of greater than about 0.001% to less than about 20%.  
     
     
         3 . The medicament of  claim 1  wherein said halogenated xanthene comprises Rose Bengal.  
     
     
         4 . The medicament of  claim 1  wherein said halogenated xanthene includes at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 4′,5′-Dichlorofluorescein; 2′,7′-Dichlorofluorescein; 4,5,6,7-Tetrachlorofluorescein; 2′,4′,5′,7′-Tetrachlorofluorescein; Dibromofluorescein; Solvent Red 72; Diiodofluorescein; Ethyl Eosin; Erythrosin B; Phloxine B; Rose Bengal; 4,5,6,7-Tetrabromoerythrosin; Mono-, Di-, or Tribromoerythrosin; Mono-, Di-, or Trichloroerythrosin; Mono-, Di-, or Trifluoroerythrosin; 2′,7′-Dichloro-4,5,6,7-Tetrafluorofluorescein; 2′,4,5,6,7,7′-Hexafluorofluorescein; and 4,5,6,7-Tetrafluorofluorescein.  
     
     
         5 . The medicament of  claim 1  further comprising at least one targeting moiety coupled to said halogenated xanthene.  
     
     
         6 . The medicament of  claim 5  wherein said targeting moiety is selected from the group consisting of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), amino acids, proteins, antibodies, ligands, haptens, carbohydrate receptors, carbohydrate complexing agents, lipid receptors, lipid complexing agents, protein receptors, protein complexing agents, chelators, encapsulating vehicles, short-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, esters, amides, amines, nitrites, azides, hydrophilic moieties and hydrophobic moieties.  
     
     
         7 . The medicament of  claim 1  wherein said medicament is formulated in a delivery vehicle selected from the group consisting of liquids, semisolids, solids and aerosols.  
     
     
         8 . The medicament of  claim 7  wherein said vehicle is selected from the group consisting of aqueous suspensions, non-aqueous suspensions, solutions, creams, ointments, gels, syrups, suppositories, tablets, capsules and micro-droplet sprays.  
     
     
         9 . The medicament of  claim 1  wherein said halogenated xanthene is in a delivery vehicle that includes an adjuvant selected from the group consisting of builders, stabilizers, emulsifiers, dispersants, preservatives, buffers, electrolytes, tissue penetrating agents and tissue softening agents.  
     
     
         10 . The medicament of  claim 1  wherein said medicament is useful for the treatment of indications selected from the group consisting of conditions affecting the skin and related organs, conditions affecting the mouth and digestive tract and related organs, conditions affecting the urinary and reproductive tracts and related organs, conditions affecting the respiratory tract and related organs, conditions affecting the circulatory system and related organs, conditions affecting the head and neck, conditions affecting the endocrine and lymphoreticular systems and related organs, conditions affecting connective tissues, conditions affecting tissue surfaces exposed during surgery, and conditions related to microbial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infection.  
     
     
         11 . The medicament of  claim 1  wherein said medicament is administered using a route of administration selected from the group consisting of intravenous injection, intraperitoneal injection, intramuscular injection, intracranial injection, intratumoral injection, intraepithelial injection, transcutaneous delivery, per oesophageal administration, intraabdominal administration, intraapendicular administration, intraarterial administration, intraarticular administration, intrabronchial administration, intrabuccal administration, intracapsular administration, intracardial administration, intracartilaginous administration, intracavitary administration, intracephalic administration, intracolic administration, intracutaneous administration, intracystic administration, intradermal administration, intraductal administration, intraduodenal administration, intrafascicular administration, intrafat administration, intrafilar administration, intrafissural administration, intragastric administration, intraglandular administration, intrahepatic administration, intraintestinal administration, intralamellar administration, intralesional administration, intraligamentous administration, intralingual administration, intramammary administration, intramedullary administration, intrameningeal administration, intramyocardial administration, intranasal administration, intraocular administration, intraoperative administration, intraoral administration, intraosseous administration, intraovarian administration, intrapancreatic administration, intraparietal administration, intrapelvic administration, intrapericardial administration, intraperineal administration, intraperitoneal administration, intraplacental administration, intrapleural administration, intrapontine administration, intraprostatic administration, intrapulmonary administration, intrarachidian administration, intrarectal administration, intrarenal administration, intrascleral administration, intrascrotal administration, intrasegmental administration, intrasellar administration, intraspinal administration, intrasplenic administration, intrasternal administration, intrastromal administration, intrasynovial administration, intratarsal administration, intratesticular administration, intrathoracic administration, intratonsillar administration, intratracheal administration, intratubal administration, intratympanic administration, intraureteral administration, intraurethral administration, intrauterine administration, intravaginal administration, intravascular administration, intraventricular administration, intravertebral administration, intravesical administration, and intravitreous administration.  
     
     
         12 . Use of a halogenated xanthene in the preparation of a medicament for chemotherapeutic treatment of human and animal tissue.  
     
     
         13 . The use of  claim 12  for preparation of a medicament for the treatment of indications selected from the group consisting of conditions affecting the skin and related organs, conditions affecting the mouth and digestive tract and related organs, conditions affecting the urinary and reproductive tracts and related organs, conditions affecting the respiratory tract and related organs, conditions affecting the circulatory system and related organs, conditions affecting the head and neck, conditions affecting the endocrine and lymphoreticular systems and related organs, conditions affecting connective tissues, conditions affecting tissue surfaces exposed during surgery, and conditions related to microbial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infection.  
     
     
         14 . The use of  claim 12  wherein said halogenated xanthene comprises Rose Bengal.  
     
     
         15 . Use of a halogenated xanthene comprising: 
 administering a therapeutically effective amount of a halogenated xanthene into or proximate to human or animal tissue for chemotherapeutic treatment.    
     
     
         16 . The use of  claim 15  wherein said halogenated xanthene comprises Rose Bengal.  
     
     
         17 . The use of  claim 15  wherein said halogenated xanthene is at a concentration of greater than approximately 0.001% to less than approximately 20%.  
     
     
         18 . The use of  claim 15  wherein said administering comprises use of a route of administration selected from the group consisting of intravenous injection, intraperitoneal injection, intramuscular injection, intracranial injection, intratumoral injection, intraepithelial injection, transcutaneous delivery, per oesophageal administration, intraabdominal administration, intraapendicular administration, intraarterial administration, intraarticular administration, intrabronchial administration, intrabuccal administration, intracapsular administration, intracardial administration, intracartilaginous administration, intracavitary administration, intracephalic administration, intracolic administration, intracutaneous administration, intracystic administration, intradermal administration, intraductal administration, intraduodenal administration, intrafascicular administration, intrafat administration, intrafilar administration, intrafissural administration, intragastric administration, intraglandular administration, intrahepatic administration, intraintestinal administration, intralamellar administration, intralesional administration, intraligamentous administration, intralingual administration, intramammary administration, intramedullary administration, intrameningeal administration, intramyocardial administration, intranasal administration, intraocular administration, intraoperative administration, intraoral administration, intraosseous administration, intraovarian administration, intrapancreatic administration, intraparietal administration, intrapelvic administration, intrapericardial administration, intraperineal administration, intraperitoneal administration, intraplacental administration, intrapleural administration, intrapontine administration, intraprostatic administration, intrapulmonary administration, intrarachidian administration, intrarectal administration, intrarenal administration, intrascleral administration, intrascrotal administration, intrasegmental administration, intrasellar administration, intraspinal administration, intrasplenic administration, intrasternal administration, intrastromal administration, intrasynovial administration, intratarsal administration, intratesticular administration, intrathoracic administration, intratonsillar administration, intratracheal administration, intratubal administration, intratympanic administration, intraureteral administration, intraurethral administration, intrauterine administration, intravaginal administration, intravascular administration, intraventricular administration, intravertebral administration, intravesical administration, and intravitreous administration.  
     
     
         19 . A pharmaceutical composition for intracorporeal administration comprising a halogenated xanthene for chemotherapeutic treatment.  
     
     
         20 . The pharmaceutical composition of  claim 19  wherein said halogenated xanthene is present in a concentration of greater than about 0.001% to less than about 20%.  
     
     
         21 . The pharmaceutical composition of  claim 19  wherein said halogenated xanthene comprises Rose Bengal.  
     
     
         22 . The pharmaceutical composition of  claim 19  wherein said halogenated xanthene includes at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 4′,5′-Dichlorofluorescein; 2′,7′-Dichlorofluorescein; 4,5,6,7-Tetrachlorofluorescein; 2′,4′,5′,7′-Tetrachlorofluorescein; Dibromofluorescein; Solvent Red 72; Diuodofluorescein; Ethyl Eosin; Erythrosin B; Phloxine B; Rose Bengal; 4,5,6,7-Tetrabromoerythrosin; Mono-, Di-, or Tribromoerythrosin; Mono-, Di-, or Trichloroerythrosin; Mono-, Di-, or Trifluoroerythrosin; 2′,7′-Dichloro-4,5,6,7-Tetrafluorofluorescein; 2′,4,5,6,7,7′-Hexafluorofluorescein; and 4,5,6,7-Tetrafluorofluorescein.  
     
     
         23 . The pharmaceutical composition of  claim 19  further comprising at least one targeting moiety coupled to said halogenated xanthene.  
     
     
         24 . The pharmaceutical composition of  claim 23  wherein said targeting moiety is selected from the group consisting of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), amino acids, proteins, antibodies, ligands, haptens, carbohydrate receptors, carbohydrate complexing agents, lipid receptors, lipid complexing agents, protein receptors, protein complexing agents, chelators, encapsulating vehicles, short-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, esters, amides, amines, nitriles, azides, hydrophilic moieties and hydrophobic moieties.  
     
     
         25 . The pharmaceutical composition of  claim 19  wherein said pharmaceutical composition is formulated in a delivery vehicle selected from the group consisting of liquids, semisolids, solids and aerosols.  
     
     
         26 . The pharmaceutical composition of  claim 25  wherein said vehicle is selected from the group consisting of aqueous suspensions, non-aqueous suspensions, solutions, creams, ointments, gels, syrups, suppositories, tablets, capsules and micro-droplet sprays.  
     
     
         27 . The pharmaceutical composition of  claim 19  wherein said halogenated xanthene is in a delivery vehicle that includes an adjuvant selected from the group consisting of builders, stabilizers, emulsifiers, dispersants, preservatives, buffers, electrolytes, tissue penetrating agents and tissue softening agents.  
     
     
         28 . A method of treating comprising: 
 applying a medicament including at least one halogenated xanthene into or proximate to human or animal tissue for chemotherapeutic treatment.    
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 28  wherein said human or animal tissue comprises the skin and related organs, the mouth and digestive tract and related organs, the urinary and reproductive tracts and related organs, the respiratory tract and related organs, the circulatory system and related organs, the head and neck, the endocrine and lymphoreticular systems and related organs, connective tissue, tissue surfaces exposed during surgery, and tissue with microbial, viral, fungal, or parasitic infection.  
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 28  wherein said halogenated xanthene is Rose Bengal.  
     
     
         31 . A medicament comprising at least one halogenated xanthene as a primary active component, wherein such medicament is useful for chemotherapeutic treatment, of human and animal tissue.  
     
     
         32 . A pharmaceutical composition adapted for chemotherapeutic effect, comprising a dosage unit of a halogenated xanthene.  
     
     
         33 . The pharmaceutical composition of claim  36  wherein said halogenated xanthene is Rose Bengal.