US2003228274A1PendingUtilityA1

Polyamide chains of precise length

43
Assignee: GRYPHON SCIENCESPriority: Aug 28, 1998Filed: Mar 6, 2003Published: Dec 11, 2003
Est. expiryAug 28, 2018(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Keith Rose
C08G 69/06C07K 1/1077C08G 69/00C08G 69/10C08G 73/10
43
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Claims

Abstract

Provided are chains of precise length and methods for their preparation. These chains are formed by the reaction of a derivative of a diacid and a diamine in a stepwise manner on a support. One of the reactants contains a water soluble oligomer, preferably polyethylene glycol. These chains are then used to chemically modify target macromolecules such as biologically important polypeptides.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A water soluble organic polyamide-based chain having a precise number of repeating units, said chain having the formula:  
       —{NH—Y—NH—CO—X—CO} n —{NH—Y′—NH} n′ — 
       wherein: 
 n is an integer from 1-100;  
 n′ is 0 or 1;  
 X and Y are divalent organic radicals lacking reactive functional groups or are absent and are the same or different, and can vary independently with each of said repeating units; and  
 Y′ is a divalent organic radical lacking reactive functional groups or is absent.  
 
     
     
         2 . The chain of  claim 1  wherein one or more of the X and Y substituents are symmetrical radicals.  
     
     
         3 . The chain of  claim 1  wherein at least one of the X and Y substituents contains 1 to 5 —CH 2 CH 2 O— groups.  
     
     
         4 . The chain of  claim 1  wherein said divalent organic radicals are selected from the group consisting of substituted, unsubstituted, branched and linear, aliphatic and aromatic groups, and may optionally contain heteroatoms.  
     
     
         5 . The chain of  claim 4  wherein said divalent organic radicals are selected from the group consisting of phenyl, C 1 -C 10  alkylene moieties, C 1 -C 10  alkyl groups, optionally containing heteroatoms, or a combination thereof.  
     
     
         6 . The chain of  claim 5  wherein said divalent organic radicals are selected from the group consisting of —(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 6 —, —(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —, —[(CH 2 ) 3 —O—(CH 2 ) 2 —(CH 2 ) 2 —O—(CH 2 ) 3 ]—, —CH 2 —O—CH 2 — and —CH 2 —N(CH 3 )—CH 2 —.  
     
     
         7 . The chain of  claim 1  having the formula:  
       —{NH—Y—NH—CO—X—CO} n —{NH—Y′—NH}— 
     
     
         8 . The chain of  claim 7  having the formula:  
       —{NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO} n ——{NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH}— 
     
     
         9 . The chain of  claim 7  having the formula:  
       —{NH—(CH 2 ) 6 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO——NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO} z ——NH—(CH 2 ) 6 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO—NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH— 
       wherein z is an integer from 1-49.  
     
     
         10 . The chain of  claim 1  having the formula:  
       —{NH—Y—NH—CO—X—CO} n — 
     
     
         11 . The chain of  claim 10  having the formula:  
       —{NH—CH 2 —(CH 2 CH 2 O) 3 —(CH 2 ) 3 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO} n — 
     
     
         12 . The chain of  claim 10  having the formula:  
       —{NH—(CH 2 ) 6 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO} n — 
     
     
         13 . The chain of  claim 10  having the formula:  
       —{NH—(CH 2 ) 6 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO——NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO} n — 
     
     
         14 . A water soluble organic polyamide-based composition having a precise number of repeating units, said composition having the formula:  
       [U—{NH—Y—NH—CO—X—CO} n —{NH—Y′—NH} n′ ] q —V  
       wherein: 
 n is an integer from 1-100;  
 n′ is 0 or 1;  
 q is an integer from 1 to 10;  
 X and Y are divalent organic radicals lacking reactive functional groups or are absent and are the same or different, and can vary independently with each of said repeating units;  
 Y′ is a divalent organic radical lacking reactive functional groups or is absent;  
 V is selected from the group consisting of: a monovalent or multivalent target molecule whose properties are being modified or enhanced and having an optional divalent spacer or linker; a reporter group having a multivalent linker; a reactive group; and a terminal group having a multivalent linker, said terminal group being selected from the group consisting of —OH, —NH 2 , —H, and -Z-Q-support, where Z is a divalent spacer such as —NH—, —O— or may be absent, Q is a linker or a target molecule, and the support is a solid phase, matrix or surface; and  
 U is selected from the group consisting of: a target molecule whose properties are being modified or enhanced and having an optional divalent spacer or linker; a terminal group; a peptide chain; a protecting group; a support; and a reactive group.  
 
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 14  wherein one or more of the X and Y substituents are symmetrical radicals.  
     
     
         16 . The composition of  claim 14  wherein at least one of the X and Y substituents contains 1 to 5 —CH 2 CH 2 O— groups.  
     
     
         17 . The composition of  claim 14  wherein said divalent organic radicals are selected from the group consisting of substituted, unsubstituted, branched and linear, aliphatic and aromatic groups, and may optionally contain heteroatoms.  
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 17  wherein said divalent organic radicals are selected from the group consisting of phenyl, C 1 -C 10  alkylene moieties, C 1 -C 10  alkyl groups, optionally containing heteroatoms, or a combination thereof.  
     
     
         19 . The composition of  claim 18  wherein said divalent organic radicals are selected from the group consisting of —(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 6 —, —(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —, —[(CH 2 ) 3 —O—(CH 2 ) 2 —(CH 2 ) 2 —O—(CH 2 ) 3 ]—, —CH 2 —O—CH 2 — and —CH 2 —N(CH 3 )—CH 2 —.  
     
     
         20 . The composition of  claim 14  having the formula:  
       [U—{NH—Y—NH—CO—X—CO} n —{NH—Y′—NH}] q —V  
     
     
         21 . The composition of  claim 20  having the formula:  
       [U—{NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO} n ——{NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH}] q —V  
     
     
         22 . The composition of  claim 20  having the formula:  
       [U—{NH—(CH 2 ) 6 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO——NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO} z ——NH—(CH 2 ) 6 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO—NH (CH   2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH] q —V  
       wherein z is an integer from 1-49.  
     
     
         23 . The composition of  claim 14  having the formula:  
       [U—{NH—Y—NH—CO—X—CO} n ] q —V  
     
     
         24 . The composition of  claim 23  having the formula:  
       [U—{NH—CH 2 —(CH 2 CH 2 O) 3 —(CH 2 ) 3 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO} n ] q —V  
     
     
         25 . The composition of  claim 23  having the formula:  
       [U—{NH—(CH 2 ) 6 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO} n ] q —V  
     
     
         26 . The composition of  claim 23  having the formula:  
       [U—{NH—(CH 2 ) 6 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO——NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO} n ] q —V  
     
     
         27 . The composition of  claim 14  wherein said target molecule is selected from the group consisting of proteins, polypeptides, peptides, nucleic acids, liposomes, and therapeutic agents.  
     
     
         28 . The composition of  claim 14  wherein said target molecule is a peptide selected from the group consisting of -GGLYACHMGPMTWVCQPLRG- (SEQ ID NO:1); -SVWRWLPYDKYE- (SEQ ID NO:3); and -ADGACRNPWC- (SEQ ID NO:6).  
     
     
         29 . A water soluble organic polyamide-based homogeneous composition having a precise number of repeating units, said composition having the formula:  
       [U—{NH—Y—NH—CO—X—CO} n {NH—Y′—NH} n′ ] q —V  
       wherein: 
 n is an integer from 1-100;  
 n′ is 0 or 1;  
 q is an integer from 1 to 10;  
 X and Y are divalent organic radicals lacking reactive functional groups or are absent and are the same or different, and can vary independently with each of said repeating units;  
 Y′ is a divalent organic radical lacking reactive functional groups or is absent;  
 V is selected from the group consisting of. a target molecule which is a peptide of less than 50 amino acid residues and having an optional divalent spacer or linker; a reporter group having a multivalent linker; a reactive group; and a terminal group having a multivalent linker, said terminal group being selected from the group consisting of —OH, —NH 2 , —H, and -Z-Q-support, where Z is a divalent spacer such as —NH—, —O— or may be absent, Q is a linker or a target molecule, and the support is a solid phase, matrix or surface; and  
 U is selected from the group consisting of: a target molecule which is a peptide of less than 50 amino acid residues and having an optional divalent spacer or linker; a terminal group; a peptide chain; a protecting group; a support; and a reactive group;  
 wherein at least one of U or V is a target molecule.  
 
     
     
         30 . The composition of  claim 29  wherein said divalent organic radicals are selected from the group consisting of —(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 6 —, —(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —, —[(CH 2 ) 3 —O—(CH 2 ) 2 —(CH 2 ) 2 —O—(CH 2 ) 3 ]—, —CH 2 —O—CH 2 — and —CH 2 —N(CH 3 )—CH 2 —.  
     
     
         31 . The composition of  claim 29  wherein said optional divalent linker is —COCH 2 ON═CH—CO—.  
     
     
         32 . The composition of  claim 29  wherein said target molecule is selected from the group consisting of -GGLYACHMGPMTWVCQPLRG- (SEQ ID NO:1); -SVWRWLPYDKYE- (SEQ ID NO:3); and -ADGACRNPWC- (SEQ ID NO:6).  
     
     
         33 . The composition of  claim 29  which has the formula: (peptide)-oxime-(‘PEG’-succ)n-‘PEG’-oxime-(peptide), wherein said peptide has the sequence -GGLYACHMGPMTWVCQPLRG- (SEQ ID NO: 1); oxime is —COCH 2 ON═CHC(O)—; ‘PEG’ represents the formula —NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—; succ represents the formula —CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO—; and n is 12 or 16.  
     
     
         34 . The composition of  claim 29  which has the formula: peptide-Lys(NH 2 OCH 2 CO-(‘PEG’-succ) 8 )-NH 2 , wherein said peptide has the sequence -SVWRWLPYDKYE- (SEQ ID NO:3); ‘PEG’ represents the formula —NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—; and succ represents the formula —CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO—.  
     
     
         35 . The composition of  claim 29  which has the formula: (peptide)-oxime-(‘PEG’-succ) 2 -Lys((peptide)-oxime-(‘PEG’-succ) 2 )amide, wherein said peptide has the sequence -GGLYACHMGPMTWVCQPLRG- (SEQ ID NO:1); oxime is -COCH 2 ON═CHC(O)—; ‘PEG’ represents the formula —NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—; and succ represents the formula —CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO—.  
     
     
         36 . The composition of  claim 29  which has the formula: (peptide)-(‘PEG’-succ) 8 -Lys(aminooxyacetyl)-amide, wherein said peptide has the sequence -ADGACRNPWC- (SEQ ID NO:6); ‘PEG’ represents the formula —NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—; and succ represents the formula —CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO—.  
     
     
         37 . The composition of  claim 29  which has the formula: [peptide-(‘PEG’-succ) 8 -Lys(oxime)amide] 4 Lys 2 Lys-NHCH 2 CH 2 S—CH 2 C(O)NH-fluorescein, wherein said peptide has the sequence -ADGACRNPWC- (SEQ ID NO:6); oxime is —COCH 2 ON═CHC(O)—; ‘PEG’ represents the formula —NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—; and succ represents the formula —CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO—.  
     
     
         38 . A water soluble organic polyamide-based homogeneous composition having the formula: (peptide)-oxime-(‘PEG’-succ) n -‘PEG’-oxime-(peptide), wherein said peptide has the sequence -GGLYACHMGPMTWVCQPLRG- (SEQ ID NO:1); oxime is —COCH 2 ON═CHC(O)—; ‘PEG’ represents the formula —NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—; succ represents the formula —CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO—; and n is 12 or 16.  
     
     
         39 . A water soluble organic polyamide-based homogeneous composition having the formula: peptide-Lys(NH 2 OCH 2 CO-(‘PEG’-succ) 8 )-NH 2 , wherein said peptide has the sequence -SVWRWLPYDKYE- (SEQ ID NO:3); ‘PEG’ represents the formula —NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—; and succ represents the formula —CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO—.  
     
     
         40 . A water soluble organic polyamide-based homogeneous composition having the formula: (peptide)-oxime-(‘PEG’-SUCC) 2 -Lys((peptide)-oxime-(‘PEG’-SUCC) 2 )amide, wherein said peptide has the sequence -GGLYACHMGPMTWVCQPLRG- (SEQ ID NO:1); oxime is —COCH 2 ON═CHC(O)—; ‘PEG’ represents the formula —NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—; and succ represents the formula —CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO—.  
     
     
         41 . A water soluble organic polyamide-based homogeneous composition having the formula: (peptide)-(‘PEG’-succ) 8 -Lys(aminooxyacetyl)-amide, wherein said peptide has the sequence -ADGACRNPWC- (SEQ ID NO:6); ‘PEG’ represents the formula —NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—; and succ represents the formula —CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO—.  
     
     
         42 . A water soluble organic polyamide-based homogeneous composition having the formula: [peptide-(‘PEG’-succ) 8 -Lys(oxime)amide] 4 Lys 2 Lys-NHCH 2 CH 2 S—CH 2 C(O)NH-fluorescein, wherein said peptide has the sequence -ADGACRNPWC- (SEQ ID NO:6); oxime is —COCH 2 ON═CHC(O)—; ‘PEG’ represents the formula —NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—; and succ represents the formula —CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO—.  
     
     
         43 . A method of synthesizing water soluble organic polyamide-based chain having a precise number of repeating units, said chain having the formula:  
       —{NH—Y—NH—CO—X—CO} n —{NH—Y′—NH} n′ — 
       wherein: 
 n is an integer from 1-100;  
 n′ is 1;  
 X and Y are divalent organic radicals lacking reactive functional groups or are absent and are the same or different, and can vary independently with each of said repeating units; and  
 Y′ is a divalent organic radical lacking reactive functional groups or is absent; comprising the steps of: 
 (a) acylating the amino or hydroxyl group of a compound of the formula Z-Q-support, where Z is H 2 N— or HO—; Q is a linker or a target molecule; and the support is a solid phase, matrix or surface, with a molar excess of a reagent L—CO—L′, where L and L′ are leaving groups and are the same or different;  
 (b) aminolysing the product of step (a) with a molar excess of a diamine having the formula, NH 2 —Y′—NH 2 ;  
 (c) acylating the product of step (b) with a molar excess of a derivative of a diacid having the formula, HOOC—X—COOH;  
 (d) activating the free carboxyl group of the product of step (c);  
 (e) aminolysing the product of step (d) with a molar excess of a diamine having the formula, NH 2 —Y—NH 2 ; and  
 (f) optionally repeating steps (c)-(e) using a derivative of a diacid having formula HOOC—X—COOH and a diamine having formula NH 2 —Y—NH 2 , where said X and Y substituents are the same or different from the X and Y substituents used in any of said previous aminolysing and acylating steps.  
 
 
     
     
         44 . The method of  claim 43  wherein Q is a linker containing a cleavable moiety or a target molecule bound to the support by a linker containing a cleavable moiety, said method further comprising: cleaving said cleavable moiety to release the water soluble organic polyamide-based chain of precise length from the support.  
     
     
         45 . The method of  claim 43  wherein one or more of the X and Y substituents are symmetrical radicals.  
     
     
         46 . The method of  claim 43  wherein at least one of the X and Y substituents contains 1 to 5 —CH 2 CH 2 O— groups.  
     
     
         47 . The method of  claim 43  wherein said divalent organic radicals are selected from the group consisting of substituted, unsubstituted, branched and linear, aliphatic and aromatic groups, and may optionally contain heteroatoms.  
     
     
         48 . The method of  claim 47  wherein said divalent organic radicals are selected from the group consisting of phenyl, C 1 -C 10  alkylene moieties, C 1 -C 10  alkyl groups, optionally containing heteroatoms, or a combination thereof.  
     
     
         49 . The method of  claim 48  wherein said divalent organic radicals are selected from the group consisting of —(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 6 —, —(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —, —[(CH 2 ) 3 —O—(CH 2 ) 2 —(CH 2 ) 2 —O—(CH 2 ) 3 ]—, —CH 2 —O—CH 2 — and —CH 2 —N(CH 3 )—CH 2 —.  
     
     
         50 . The method of  claim 43  wherein said chain has the formula:  
       —{NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO} n ——{NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH}— 
     
     
         51 . The method of  claim 43  wherein said chain has the formula:  
       —[{NH—(CH 2 ) 6 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO}——{NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO}] z ——NH—(CH 2 ) 6 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO—NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH— 
       wherein z is an integer from 1-49.  
     
     
         52 . The method of  claim 43  wherein the free carboxyl group is activated with an activating agent selected from the group consisting of carbonyl diimidazole, disuccinimidyl carbonate and O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate.  
     
     
         53 . A method of synthesizing a water soluble organic polyamide-based chain having a precise number of repeating units, said chain having the formula:  
       —{NH—Y—NH—CO—X—CO} n — 
       wherein: 
 n is an integer from 1-100; and  
 X and Y are divalent organic radicals lacking reactive functional groups or are absent and are the same or different, and can vary independently with each of said repeating units;  
 comprising the steps of: 
 (a) acylating the amino or hydroxyl group of a compound of the formula Z-Q-support with a molar excess of a derivative of a diacid having the formula, HOOC—X—COOH, where Z is H 2 N— or HO—; Q is a linker or a target molecule; the support is a solid phase, matrix or surface;  
 (b) activating the free carboxyl group of the product of step (a);  
 (c) aminolysing the product of step (b) with a molar excess of a diamine having the formula, NH 2 —Y—NH 2 ; and  
 (d) optionally repeating steps (a)-(c) using HOOC—X—COOH and NH 2 —Y—NH 2 , where said X and Y substituents are the same or different from the X and Y substituents used in any of said previous acylating and aminolysing steps.  
 
 
     
     
         54 . The method of  claim 53  wherein Q is a linker containing a cleavable moiety or a target molecule bound to the support by a linker containing a cleavable moiety, said method further comprising: cleaving said cleavable moiety to release the water soluble organic polyamide-based chain of precise length from the support.  
     
     
         55 . The method of  claim 53  wherein one or more of the X and Y substituents are symmetrical radicals.  
     
     
         56 . The method of  claim 53  wherein at least one of the X and Y substituents contains 1 to 5 —CH 2 CH 2 O— groups.  
     
     
         57 . The method of  claim 53  wherein said divalent organic radicals are selected from the group consisting of substituted, unsubstituted, branched and linear, aliphatic and aromatic groups, and may optionally contain heteroatoms.  
     
     
         58 . The method of  claim 57  wherein said divalent organic radicals are selected from the group consisting of phenyl, C 1 -C 10  alkylene moieties, C 1 -C 10  alkyl groups, optionally containing heteroatoms, or a combination thereof.  
     
     
         59 . The method of  claim 58  wherein said divalent organic radicals are selected from the group consisting of —(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 6 —, —(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —, —[(CH 2 ) 3 —O—(CH 2 ) 2 —(CH 2 ) 2 —O—(CH 2 ) 3 ]—, —CH 2 —O—CH 2 — and —CH 2 —N(CH 3 )—CH 2 —.  
     
     
         60 . The method of  claim 53  wherein said chain has the formula:  
       —{NH—CH 2 —(CH 2 CH 2 O) 3 —(CH 2 ) 3 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO} n — 
     
     
         61 . The method of  claim 53  wherein said chain has the formula:  
       —{NH—(CH 2 ) 6 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO} n—   
     
     
         62 . The method of  claim 53  wherein said chain has the formula:  
       —{NH—(CH 2 ) 6 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO——NH—(CH 2 ) 3 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 —CH 2 —NH—CO—(CH 2 ) 2 —CO} n — 
     
     
         63 . The method of  claim 53  wherein the free carboxyl group is activated with an activating agent selected from the group consisting of carbonyl diimidazole, disuccinimidyl carbonate and O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate.  
     
     
         64 . A kit for synthesizing a water soluble organic polyamide-based chain having a precise number of repeating units, said chain having the formula:  
       —{NH—Y—NH—CO—X—CO} n —{NH—Y′—NH} n′ — 
       wherein: 
 n is an integer from 1-100;  
 n′ is 0 or 1;  
 X and Y are divalent organic radicals lacking reactive functional groups or are absent and are the same or different, and can vary independently with each of said repeating units;  
 Y′ is a divalent organic radical lacking reactive functional groups or is absent;  
 comprising: 
 (a) Z-Q-support, where Z is H 2 N— or HO—; Q is a linker or a target molecule; and the support is a solid phase, matrix or surface;  
 (b) a diacid having the formula, HOOC—X—COOH, or a derivative thereof; and  
 (c) a diamine having the formula, NH 2 —Y—NH 2 .  
 
 
     
     
         65 . The kit of  claim 64  further comprising at least one additional diacid having the formula, HOOC—X—COOH, wherein the X substituent is different from the X substituent in the first diacid, or derivative thereof.  
     
     
         66 . The kit of  claim 64  further comprising at least one additional di amine having the formula, NH 2 —Y—NH 2 , wherein the Y substituent is different from the Y substituent in the first diamine.  
     
     
         67 . The kit of  claim 64  further comprising an activating agent selected from the group consisting of carbonyl diimidazole, disuccinimidyl carbonate and O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate.  
     
     
         68 . A kit for enhancing or modifying a target molecule comprising: 
 (a) reagents for synthesizing a water soluble organic polyamide-based chain having a precise number of repeating units, said chain having the formula:    —{NH—Y—NH—CO—X—CO} n —{NH—Y′—NH} n′ —   wherein:    n is an integer from 1-100;    n′ is 0 or 1;    X and Y are divalent organic radicals lacking reactive functional groups or are absent and are the same or different, and can vary independently with each of said repeating units; and    Y′ is a divalent organic radical lacking reactive functional groups or is absent;    comprising: 
 (i) Z-Q-support, where Z is H 2 N— or HO—; Q is a linker or a target molecule; and the support is a solid phase, matrix or surface;  
 (ii) a diacid having the formula, HOOC—X—COOH, where X is a divalent organic radical lacking reactive functional groups or is absent, or a derivative thereof; and  
 (iii) a diamine having the formula, NH 2 —Y—NH 2 , where Y is a divalent organic radical lacking reactive functional groups or is absent; and  
   (b) a target molecule whose properties are being modified or enhanced, and having an optional divalent spacer or linker.    
     
     
         69 . The kit of  claim 68  further comprising at least one additional diacid having the formula, HOOC—X—COOH, wherein the X substituent is different from the X substituent in the first diacid, or derivative thereof.  
     
     
         70 . The kit of  claim 68  further comprising at least one additional diamine having the formula, NH 2 —Y—NH 2 , wherein the Y substituent is different from the Y substituent in the first diamine.  
     
     
         71 . The kit of  claim 68  further comprising an activating agent selected from the group consisting of carbonyl diimidazole, disuccinimidyl carbonate and O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate.  
     
     
         72 . The kit of  claim 68  wherein said target molecule is selected from the group consisting of proteins, polypeptides, peptides, nucleic acids, liposomes, and therapeutic agents.  
     
     
         73 . The kit of  claim 72  wherein said target molecule is a peptide selected from the group consisting of -GGLYACHMGPMTWVCQPLRG- (SEQ ID NO:1); -SVWRWLPYDKYE- (SEQ ID NO:3); and -ADGACRNPWC- (SEQ ID NO:6).  
     
     
         74 . A kit for enhancing or modifying a target molecule comprising: 
 (a) a water soluble organic polyamide-based chain having a precise number of repeating units, said chain having the formula:    —{NH—Y—NH—CO—X—CO} n —{NH—Y′—NH} n′ —   wherein: 
 n is an integer from 1-100;  
 n′ is 0 or 1;  
 X and Y are divalent organic radicals lacking reactive functional groups or are absent and are the same or different, and can vary independently with each of said repeating units; and  
 Y′ is a divalent organic radical lacking reactive functional groups or is absent.; and  
   (b) a target molecule whose properties are being modified or enhanced, and having an optional divalent spacer or linker.    
     
     
         75 . The kit of  claim 74  wherein said target molecule is selected from the group consisting of proteins, polypeptides, peptides, nucleic acids, liposomes, and therapeutic agents.  
     
     
         76 . The kit of  claim 75  wherein said target molecule is a peptide selected from the group consisting of -GGLYACHMGPMTWVCQPLRG- (SEQ ID NO:1); -SVWRWLPYDKYE- (SEQ ID NO:3); and -ADGACRNPWC- (SEQ ID NO:6).

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