Process for desulfurization of petroleum distillates

Abstract

The desulfurization of petroleum distillates can be carried out by cyclic low-temperature adsorption of oxidized sulfur compounds with activated carbon followed by regeneration of the activated carbon using an organic solvent. The activated carbon used in the process is commercially available and its surface area that ranges from approximately 500 to 2000 m 2 /g having a substantial portion of its pores in the range between 10 to 100 Angstroms.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A process for removing sulfur compounds from petroleum compounds comprising: 
 separating said petroleum compounds into a first low-sulfur fraction and a first high-sulfur fraction;    reacting said first high-sulfur fraction with at least one oxidizing agent;    contacting said first high-sulfur fraction with at least one activated carbon capable of adsorbing said sulfur compounds thereby forming a second low-sulfur fraction and a second high-sulfur fraction;    recycling said at least one activated carbon with at least one solvent and at least one gas; and    recovering said petroleum compounds having said sulfur compounds removed therefrom.    
     
     
         2 . The process of  claim 1  wherein the selection of said at least one solvent is based upon the selectivity of said solvent in removing aromatic sulfur components.  
     
     
         3 . The process of  claim 2  further comprising: 
 contacting said second high-sulfur fractions with said at least one activated carbon; and  
 recycling said second high-sulfur fractions repeatedly through said at least one activated carbon until said sulfur content level in said petroleum compound is less than approximately 500 ppm.  
 
     
     
         4 . The process of  claim 1  wherein said solvents are selected from the group consisting of toluene, benezene, chlorinated hydrocarbons, hexane, and cyclopentane.  
     
     
         5 . The process of  claim 1  wherein said gas is nitrogen.  
     
     
         6 . The process of  claim 1  further comprising maintaining said process at a temperature of at least 20° C.  
     
     
         7 . The process of  claim 1  further comprising maintaining said process at a temperature within the range of approximately 20° C. to 150° C.  
     
     
         8 . The process of  claim 1  further comprising maintaining said process at a pressure within the range of approximately 1 to 5 atmospheres.  
     
     
         9 . The process of  claim 1  wherein said petroleum compound is selected from the group consisting of gasoline, naphtha, kerosene, diesel fuel, fuel oil, and crude oil.  
     
     
         10 . The process of  claim 1  wherein said oxidizing agents are selected from the group consisting of air, oxygen, and hydrogen peroxide.  
     
     
         11 . The process of  claim 1  wherein said activated carbons are arranged in a configuration selected from the group consisting of moving-beds, fixed-beds, cyclic fixed-beds, and stirred tanks.  
     
     
         12 . The process of  claim 1  wherein said activated carbons have a surface area of at least 500 m 2 /g.  
     
     
         13 . The process of  claim 1  wherein said activated carbons have a surface area of approximately between 500 to 2000 m 2 /g.  
     
     
         14 . The process of  claim 1  wherein said activated carbons have a pore size ranging between 10 to 100 Angstroms.  
     
     
         15 . A process for removing sulfur compounds from petroleum compounds comprising: 
 separating said petroleum compounds into a first low-sulfur fraction and a first high-sulfur fraction;    reacting said first high-sulfur fraction with oxidizing agents;    contacting said first high-sulfur fraction with activated carbons capable of adsorbing said sulfur compounds thereby forming a second low-sulfur fraction and a second high-sulfur fraction;    eluting said adsorbed sulfur compounds from said activated carbons;    removing said adsorbed sulfur compounds from said solvents; and    applying a gas to said activated carbons to regenerate said activated carbons.    
     
     
         16 . The process of  claim 15  further comprising contacting said elutant having adsorbed sulfur compounds with said activated carbons.  
     
     
         17 . A system for removing sulfur compounds from petroleum compounds comprising: 
 a distiller, wherein said petroleum compounds are separated into a first low-sulfur fraction and a first high-sulfur fraction;    at least one carbon loop; and    at least one solvent loop.    
     
     
         18 . The system of  claim 17  wherein said at least one carbon loop further comprises at least one activated carbon capable of adsorbing sulfur compounds thereby forming a second low-sulfur fraction and a second high-sulfur fraction.  
     
     
         19 . The system of  claim 17  wherein said solvent loop further comprises at least one solvent that elutes adsorbed sulfur compounds from said activated carbons.