Process for storing enriched nematodes

Abstract

A process for preserving and storing nematodes having an increased feeding value for later use as needed in the feeding of aquaculture organisms. In this process, nematodes are enriched with an additive such as essential fatty acids, vaccines, hormones, immunostimulants, attractants, nutrients and pigments. Liposomes can serve as a medium for feeding the additives to the nematodes. The enriched nematodes are then desiccated by inducing a quiescent anhydrobiosis (dehydration) and stored for off-the-shell use as needed. When required for feeding, the desiccated enriched nematodes are rehydrated and fed to the aquaculture organisms.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A process for preserving nematodes having an increased feeding value, for use in aquaculture, the process comprising the steps of: 
 (a) enriching nematodes with aquaculture feed additives; and    (b) desiccating enriched nematodes.    
     
     
         2 . The process of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of: 
 (c) culturing the nematodes.    
     
     
         3 . The process of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of: 
 (d) storing the desiccated enriched nematodes.    
     
     
         4 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the nematodes are free-living nematodes.  
     
     
         5 . The process of  claim 4 , wherein said free-living nematodes are of the species Panagrellus.  
     
     
         6 . The process of  claim 4 , wherein said free-living nematodes are of the species  Caenorhabditis elegans.    
     
     
         7 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the step of enriching nematodes includes providing at least one enriching additive selected from the group consisting of essential fatty acids, vaccines, hormones, immunostimulants, attractants, nutrients and pigments.  
     
     
         8 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the step of enriching nematodes includes genetic manipulation of the nematode.  
     
     
         9 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the step of desiccating the enriched nematodes is performed by inducing one item selected out of the group consisting of quiescent anhydrobiosis and osmobiosis.  
     
     
         10 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the step of enriching is affected by feeding the nematodes with liposomes containing enriching additives.  
     
     
         11 . An improved method of aquaculture, the method comprising the steps of: 
 (a) enriching nematodes with aquaculture feed additives;    (b) desiccating enriched nematodes;    (c) storing desiccated enriched nematodes;    (d) rehydrating and reviving said desiccated enriched nematodes; and    (e) feeding rehydrated enriched nematodes to an organism being grown in the aquaculture.    
     
     
         12 . The process of  claim 11 , wherein said nematodes are free-living nematodes.  
     
     
         13 . The process of  claim 11 , wherein said free-living nematodes are of the species Paiiagrellus.  
     
     
         14 . The process of  claim 11 , wherein said free-living nematodes are of the species  Caenorhabditis elegans.    
     
     
         15 . The process of  claim 11 , wherein the step of enriching nematodes includes at least providing one enriching additive selected from the group consisting of essential fatty acids, vaccines, hormones, immunostimulants, attractants, nutrients and pigments.  
     
     
         16 . The process of  claim 11 , wherein the step of desiccating the enriched nematodes is performed by inducing one item selected out of the group consisting of quiescent anhydrobiosis and osmobiosis.  
     
     
         17 . The process of  claim 11 , wherein the step of enriching is affected by feeding said nematodes with liposomes containing enriching additives.  
     
     
         18 . The process of  claim 11 , wherein the step of enriching nematodes includes genetic manipulation of the nematode.  
     
     
         19 . An improved method of aquaculture, the method comprising the steps of: 
 (a) desiccating nematodes;    (b) storing said desiccated nematodes;    (c) rehydrating and reviving said desiccated nematodes;    (d) enriching nematodes with feed additives; and    (e) feeding rehydrated enriched nematodes to an organism being grown in the aquaculture.    
     
     
         20 . The process of  claim 19 , wherein the step of enriching nematodes includes at least providing one enriching additive selected from the group consisting of essential fatty acids, vaccines, hormones, immunostimulants, attractants, nutrients and pigments.  
     
     
         21 . The process of  claim 19 , wherein the step of desiccating the nematodes is performed by inducing one item selected out of the group consisting of quiescent anhydrobiosis and osmobiosis.  
     
     
         22 . The process of  claim 19 , wherein the step of enriching nematodes includes genetic manipulation of the nematode.  
     
     
         23 . A process for maintaining nematodes having an increased feeding value, for use in aquaculture, the process comprising the steps of: 
 (a) enriching nematodes with aquaculture feed additives; and    (b) preserving enriched nematodes.    
     
     
         24 . The process of  claim 23 , wherein the step of preserving of the enriched nematodes includes dessicating the enriched nematodes.  
     
     
         25 . The process of  claim 23 , wherein the step of preserving of enriched nematodes includes reducing significantly metabolism of the enriched nematodes by lowering a temperature of the enriched nematodes.  
     
     
         26 . The process of  claim 23 , further comprising the step of: 
 (c) culturing the nematodes.    
     
     
         27 . The process of  claim 23 , further comprising the step of: 
 (d) storing the desiccated enriched nematodes.    
     
     
         28 . The process of  claim 23 , wherein the nematodes are free-living nematodes.  
     
     
         29 . The process of  claim 28 , wherein said free-living nematodes are of the species Panagrellus.  
     
     
         30 . The process of  claim 28 , wherein said free-living nematodes are of the species  Caenorhabditis elegans.    
     
     
         31 . The process of  claim 23 , wherein the step of enriching nematodes includes providing at least one enriching additive selected from the group consisting of essential fatty acids, vaccines, hormones, immunostimulants, attractants, nutrients and pigments.  
     
     
         32 . The process of  claim 23 , wherein the step of enriching nematodes includes genetic inanipulation of the nematode.  
     
     
         33 . The process of  claim 23 , wherein the step of desiccating the enriched nematodes is performed by inducing one item selected out of the group consisting of quiescent anhydrobiosis and osmobiosis.  
     
     
         34 . The process of  claim 23 , wherein the step of enriching is affected by feeding the nematodes with liposomes containing enriching additives.  
     
     
         35 . An improved method of aquaculture, the method comprising the steps of: 
 (a) enriching nematodes with aquaculture feed additives;    (b) preserving enriched nematodes;    (c) storing desiccated enriched nematodes;    (d) rehydrating and reviving said desiccated enriched nematodes; and    (e) feeding rehydrated enriched nematodes to an organism being grown in the aquaculture.    
     
     
         36 . The process of  claim 35 , wherein the step of preserving enriched nematodes includes dessicating the enriched nematodes.  
     
     
         37 . The process of  claim 35 , wherein the step of preserving enriched nematodes includes reducing significantly metabolism of the enriched nematodes by lowering a temperature of the enriched nematodes.  
     
     
         38 . The process of  claim 35 , wherein said nematodes are free-living nematodes.  
     
     
         39 . The process of  claim 35 , wherein said free-living nematodes are of the species Panagrellus.  
     
     
         40 . The process of  claim 35 , wherein said free-living nematodes are of the species  Caenorhabditis elegans.    
     
     
         41 . The process of  claim 35 , wherein the step of enriching nematodes includes at least providing one enriching additive selected from the group consisting of essential fatty acids, vaccines, hormones, immunostimulants, attractants, nutrients and pigments.  
     
     
         42 . The process of  claim 36 , wherein said desiccating the enriched nematodes is performed by inducing one item selected out of the group consisting of quiescent anhydrobiosis and osmobiosis.  
     
     
         43 . The process of  claim 35 , wherein the step of enriching is affected by feeding said nematodes with liposomes containing enriching additives.  
     
     
         44 . The process of  claim 35 , wherein the step of enriching nematodes includes genetic manipulation of the nematode.  
     
     
         45 . An improved method of aquaculture, the method comprising the steps of: 
 (a) preserving nematodes;    (b) storing said desiccated nematodes;    (c) rehydrating and reviving said desiccated nematodes;    (d) enriching nematodes with feed additives; and    (e) feeding rehydrated enriched nematodes to an organism being grown in the aquaculture.    
     
     
         46 . The process of  claim 45 , wherein the step of preserving nematodes includes dessicating the nematodes.  
     
     
         47 . The process of  claim 45 , wherein the step of preserving nematodes includes reducing significantly metabolism of the nematodes by lowering a temperature of the nematodes.  
     
     
         48 . The process of  claim 45 , wherein the step of enriching nematodes includes at least providing one enriching additive selected from the group consisting of essential fatty acids, vaccines, hormones, immunostimulants, attractants, nutrients and pigments.  
     
     
         49 . The process of  claim 45 , wherein the step of desiccating the nematodes is performed by inducing one item selected out of the group consisting of quiescent anhydrobiosis and osmobiosis.  
     
     
         50 . The process of  claim 45 , wherein the step of enriching nematodes includes genetic manipulation of the nematode.