Fuel additive composition and fuel composition and method thereof

Abstract

A fuel additive composition includes a reaction product of a succinic acylating agent and a polyamine having at least one condensable primary amine group where the reaction product has a ratio of the imide to amide infrared carbonyl absorption peak areas of about 1:0.0-0.6 and a water content of about 0.3% or less by weight. The succinic acylating agent is prepared by thermal condensation of a highly reactive polyolefin with maleic anhydride or a reactive equivalent thereof. This fuel additive composition has a low chlorine content and is very effective in fuel compositions that include a normally liquid fuel in reducing deposits in the fuel intake system of an internal combustion engine.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A fuel additive composition, comprising: 
 a reaction product of an aliphatic hydrocarbon substituted succinic acylating agent and a polyamine having at least one condensable primary amine group represented by the formula —NH 2  wherein said reaction product has a ratio of the imide to amide infrared carbonyl absorption peak areas of about 1:0.0-0.6 and a water content of about 0.3% or less by weight, and wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon substituted succinic acylating agent is prepared by thermal condensation of a highly reactive polyolefin with maleic anhydride or a reactive equivalent thereof.    
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the reaction product has a ratio of the imide to amide infrared carbonyl absorption peak areas of about 1:0.0-0.4 and a water content of about 0.25% or less by weight.  
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the reaction product has a ratio of the imide to amide infrared carbonyl absorption peak areas of about 1:0.0-0.3 and a water content of about 0.2% or less by weight.  
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the reactive polyolefin contains about 30 to about 180 carbon atoms and is derived from homopolymerized or interpolymerized 1-olefins having 2 to 18 carbon atoms.  
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the reactive polyolefin is a polyisobutylene having a number average molecular weight of about 400 to about 2,500.  
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the polyamine is selected from the group consisting of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, polyethylene polyamine bottoms, and mixtures of two or more thereof.  
     
     
         7 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the polyamine is tetraethylenepentamine.  
     
     
         8 . The composition of  claim 6  wherein the reactive polyolefin is a polyisobutylene.  
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 8  wherein the molar ratio of the succinic acylating agent to the polyamine is about 1:0.5-1.  
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 1  further comprising a carrier fluid.  
     
     
         11 . The composition of  claim 10  wherein the carrier fluid is an oil having a viscosity of about 100 to about 400 centistokes at 40° C.  
     
     
         12 . The composition of  claim 1  further comprising a solvent.  
     
     
         13 . The composition of  claim 12  wherein the solvent is an aliphatic hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon or mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         14 . A fuel composition comprising a major amount of a normally liquid fuel that is a gasoline or a diesel fuel; and the fuel additive composition of  claim 1 .  
     
     
         15 . The fuel composition of  claim 14  wherein the diesel fuel is a hydrocarbon diesel fuel, a biodiesel fuel, or a mixture thereof.  
     
     
         16 . The fuel composition of  claim 14  wherein the reaction product of the succinic acylating agent and the polyamine ranges from about 10 ppm to about 1,000 ppm based on the weight of the fuel composition.  
     
     
         17 . A method of reducing deposits in the fuel intake system of an internal combustion engine by operating the engine with the fuel composition of  claim 14.