Method of refining petroleum

Abstract

The oil refining method according to the present invention comprises the fractional distillation process 1 for distilling and separating the feed oil into the distillate M 1 and the residue M 2 ; the hydrorefining process 2 wherein at least a part of the distillate M 1 is refined by hydrogenation and desulfurized thereby to obtain the hydrorefined oil M 3 ; the solvent deasphalting process 3 wherein the residue M 2 is deasphalted with a solvent thereby to obtain the deasphalted oil M 4 as an extract and asphaltene (pitch) M 5 as the residue; the hydrodemetalizating/desulfurizing process 4 wherein at least a part of the deasphalted oil M 4 is demetalized and desulfurized by hydrogenation thereby to obtain the HDMS refined oil M 6 ; and the first mixing process 5 wherein a part of the HDMS refined oil M 6 and at least a part of the hydrorefined oil M 3 are mixed thereby to produce oil products.

1 . An oil refining method for producing oil products including a plurality of intermediate oil products by refining a feed oil, comprising: 
 a fractional distillation process wherein the feed oil is distilled and separated into a distillate and a residue;    a hydrorefining process wherein at least a part of the distillate obtained in the fractional distillation process is refined and desulfurized by hydrogenation in the presence of hydrogen and catalyst thereby to obtain a hydrorefined oil;    a solvent deasphalting process wherein the residue is deasphalted with a solvent thereby to obtain a deasphalted oil as an extract and asphaltene (pitch) as the residue;    a hydrodemetalizating/desulfurizing process wherein at least a part of the deasphalted oil is demetalized and desulfurized by hydrogenation in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst thereby to obtain an HDMS refined oil that has been demetalized and desulfurized; and    a first mixing process wherein a part of the HDMS refined oil and at least a part of the hydrorefined oil are mixed thereby to obtain one of the oil products.    
     
     
         2 . An oil refining method according to  claim 1 , wherein the oil product obtained in the first mixing process is gas turbine fuel, while extraction ratio of vanadium content included in the deasphalted oil to the vanadium content included in the residue as the feed oil is controlled to become 20% or lower in the solvent deasphalting process, and demetalizing and desulfurizing conditions for producing the HDMS refined oil from the deasphalted oil in the hydrodemetalizating/desulfurizing process are selected so as to achieve the a vanadium content of 2 wt ppm or lower and a sulfur content of 0.5 wt % or lower included in the HDMS refined oil.  
     
     
         3 . An oil refining method according to  claim 1 , wherein the oil product obtained in the first mixing process is gas turbine fuel, and the mixing condition in the first mixing process is selected so as to achieve the vanadium content of 0.5 wt ppm or lower included in the gas turbine fuel.  
     
     
         4 . An oil refining method according to  claim 1 , wherein the remainder of the HDMS refined oil is provided as an intermediate oil product to be used as a feed stock for fluid catalyst cracking or hydrocracking process.  
     
     
         5 . An oil refining method for producing oil products including a plurality of intermediate oil products by refining a feed oil, comprising: 
 a fractional distillation process wherein the feed oil is distilled and separated into a distillate and a residue;    a hydrorefining process wherein at least a part of the distillate obtained in the fractional distillation process is refined and desulfurized by hydrogenation in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst thereby to obtain a hydrorefined oil;    a solvent deasphalting process wherein the residue is deasphalted with a solvent thereby to obtain deasphalted oil as an extract and asphaltene (pitch) as the residue;    a hydrodemetalizating/desulfurizing process wherein at least a part of the deasphalted oil is demetalized and desulfurized by hydrogenation in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst thereby to obtain an HDMS refined oil that has been demetalized and desulfurized;    a vacuum fractional distillation process wherein the HDMS refined oil is distilled in a vacuum and separated into vacuum gas oil and vacuum residue; and    a second mixing process wherein at least a part of the vacuum gas oil and at least a part of the hydrorefined oil are mixed thereby to obtain one of the oil products.    
     
     
         6 . An oil refining method according to  claim 5 , wherein the oil product obtained in the second mixing process is gas turbine fuel, while the extraction ratio of the vanadium content included in the deasphalted oil to the vanadium content included in the residue as the feed oil is controlled to become 30% or lower in the solvent deasphalting process, and demetalizing and desulfurizing conditions for producing the HDMS refined oil from the deasphalted oil in the hydrodemetalizating/desulfurizing process are selected so as to achieve the vanadium content of 20 wt ppm or lower, and a sulfur content of 0.5 wt % or lower included in the HDMS refined oil, while the vanadium content in the vacuum gas oil obtained in the vacuum fractional distillation process is 1 wt ppm or lower.  
     
     
         7 . An oil refining method according to  claim 5 , wherein the oil product obtained in the second mixing process is gas turbine fuel, and the mixing condition in the second mixing process is selected so as to achieve the vanadium content of 0.5 wt ppm or lower included in the gas turbine fuel.  
     
     
         8 . An oil refining method according to  claim 5 , wherein the vacuum gas oil obtained by vacuum distillation of at least a part of the HDMS refined oil is provided as an intermediate oil product to be used as a feed stock for fluid catalyst cracking or hydrocracking process.  
     
     
         9 . An oil refining method for producing oil products including a plurality of intermediate oil products by refining a feed oil, comprising: 
 a fractional distillation process wherein the feed oil is distilled and separated into a distillate and a residue;    a hydrorefining process wherein at least a part of the distillate obtained in the fractional distillation process is refined and desulfurized by hydrogenation in the presence of hydrogen and catalyst thereby to obtain a hydrorefined oil;    a vacuum fractional distillation process wherein the residue is distilled in a vacuum and separated into a vacuum gas oil and a vacuum residue;    a solvent deasphalting process wherein the vacuum residue is deasphalted with a solvent thereby to obtain deasphalted oil as an extract and asphaltene (pitch) as the residue;    a hydrodemetalizating/desulfurizing process wherein the vacuum gas oil and the deasphalted oil are mixed and the mixture is demetalized and desulfurized by hydrogenation in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst thereby to obtain an HDMS refined oil that has been demetalized and desulfurized; and    a third mixing process wherein a part of the HDMS refined oil and at least a part of the hydrorefined oil are mixed thereby to obtain one of the oil products.    
     
     
         10 . An oil refining method according to  claim 9 , wherein the oil product obtained in the third mixing process is gas turbine fuel, while the extraction ratio of vanadium content included in the deasphalted oil to the vanadium content included in the residue as the feed oil is controlled so as to be 15% or lower in the solvent deasphalting process, and demetalizing and desulfurizing conditions for producing the HDMS refined oil are selected so as to achieve the vanadium content of 2 wt ppm or lower and a sulfur content of 0.5 wt % or lower included in the HDMS refined oil.  
     
     
         11 . An oil refining method according to  claim 9 , wherein the oil product obtained in the third mixing process is gas turbine fuel, and the mixing condition in the third mixing process is selected so as to achieve the vanadium content of 0.5 wt ppm or lower included in the gas turbine fuel.  
     
     
         12 . An oil refining method according to  claim 9 , wherein the remainder of the HDMS refined oil is provided as an intermediate oil product to be used as a feed stock for fluid catalyst cracking or hydrocracking process.  
     
     
         13 . An oil refining method according to any one of claims  1 ,  5  and  9 , wherein the feed oil is a heavy oil having an API gravity of 20 or lower.  
     
     
         14 . An oil refining method for producing oil products including a plurality of intermediate oil products by refining a feed oil, comprising: 
 a fractional distillation process wherein the feed oil is distilled and separated into a distillate and a residue;    a solvent deasphalting process wherein the residue obtained in the fractional distillation process is deasphalted with a solvent thereby to obtain deasphalted oil as an extract and asphaltene (pitch) as the residue;    a hydrodemetalizating/desulfurizing process wherein at least a part of the deasphalted oil is demetalized and desulfurized by hydrogenation in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst thereby to obtain an HDMS refined oil that has been demetalized and desulfurized; and    a fourth mixing process wherein a part of the HDMS refined oil and at least a part of the distillate are mixed thereby to obtain one of the oil products.    
     
     
         15 . An oil refining method according to  claim 14 , wherein the oil product obtained in the fourth mixing process is gas turbine fuel, while the extraction ratio of the deasphalted oil in the solvent deasphalting process is controlled so that vanadium content thereof becomes 25 wt ppm or lower, and demetalizing and desulfurizing conditions for producing the HDMS refined oil are selected so as to achieve the vanadium content of 2 wt ppm or lower and a sulfur content of 0.5 wt % or lower included in the HDMS refined oil.  
     
     
         16 . An oil refining method according to  claim 14 , wherein the oil product obtained in the fourth mixing process is gas turbine fuel, and the mixing condition in the fourth mixing process is selected so as to achieve the vanadium content of 0.5 wt ppm or lower included in the gas turbine fuel.  
     
     
         17 . An oil refining method according to  claim 14 , wherein the remainder of the HDMS refined oil is provided as an intermediate oil product to be used as a feed stock for fluid catalyst cracking or a hydrocracking process.  
     
     
         18 . An oil refining method for producing oil products including a plurality of intermediate oil products by refining a feed oil, comprising: 
 a fractional distillation process wherein the feed oil is distilled and separated into a distillate and a residue;    a solvent deasphalting process wherein the residue obtained in the fractional distillation process is deasphalted with a solvent thereby to obtain deasphalted oil as an extract and asphaltene (pitch) as the residue;    a hydrodemetalizating/desulfurizing process wherein at least a part of the deasphalted oil is demetalized and desulfurized by hydrogenation in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst thereby to obtain an HDMS refined oil that has been demetalized and desulfurized;    a vacuum fractional distillation process wherein the HDMS refined oil is distilled in a vacuum and separated into a vacuum gas oil and a vacuum residue; and    a fifth mixing process wherein at least a part of the vacuum gas oil and at least a part of the distillate are mixed thereby to obtain one of the oil products.    
     
     
         19 . An oil refining method according to  claim 18 , wherein the oil product obtained in the fifth mixing process is gas turbine fuel, while the extraction ratio of the deasphalted oil in the solvent deasphalting process is controlled so that vanadium content included in the deasphalted oil becomes 50 wt ppm or lower, and demetalizing and desulfurizing conditions for producing the HDMS refined oil are selected so as to achieve the vanadium content of 20 wt ppm or lower and a sulfur content of 0.5 wt % or lower included in the HDMS refined oil, while vanadium content included in the vacuum gas oil obtained in the vacuum fractional distillation process is set to 1 wt ppm or lower.  
     
     
         20 . An oil refining method according to  claim 18 , wherein the oil product obtained in the fifth mixing process is gas turbine fuel, and the mixing condition in the fifth mixing process is selected so as to achieve the vanadium content of 0.5 wt ppm or lower included in the gas turbine fuel.  
     
     
         21 . An oil refining method according to  claim 18 , wherein the vacuum gas oil obtained by vacuum distillation of at least a part of the HDMS refined oil is provided as an intermediate oil product to be used as a feed stock for fluid catalyst cracking or a hydrocracking process.  
     
     
         22 . An oil refining method for producing oil products including a plurality of intermediate oil products by refining a feed oil, comprising: 
 a fractional distillation process wherein the feed oil is distilled and separated into distillate and a residue;    a vacuum fractional distillation process wherein the residue obtained in the fractional distillation process is distilled in a vacuum and separated into a vacuum gas oil and a vacuum residue;    a solvent deasphalting process wherein the vacuum residue is deasphalted with a solvent thereby to obtain deasphalted oil as an extract and asphaltene (pitch) as the residue;    a hydrodemetalizating/desulfurizing process wherein the vacuum gas oil and the deasphalted oil are mixed and the mixture is demetalized and desulfurized by hydrogenation in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst thereby to obtain an HDMS refined oil that has been demetalized and desulfurized; and    a sixth mixing process wherein a part of the HDMS refined oil and at least a part of the distillate are mixed thereby to obtain one of the oil products.    
     
     
         23 . An oil refining method according to  claim 22 , wherein the oil product obtained in the sixth mixing process is gas turbine fuel, while the extraction ratio of the deasphalted oil in the solvent deasphalting process is controlled so that vanadium content included in the deasphalted oil becomes 70 wt ppm or lower, and demetalizing and desulfurizing conditions for producing the HDMS refined oil are selected so as to achieve the vanadium content of 2 wt ppm or lower and a sulfur content of 0.5 wt % or lower included in the HDMS refined oil.  
     
     
         24 . An oil refining method according to  claim 22 , wherein the oil product obtained in the sixth mixing process is gas turbine fuel, and the mixing condition in the sixth mixing process is selected so as to achieve the vanadium content of 0.5 wt ppm or lower included in the gas turbine fuel.  
     
     
         25 . An oil refining method according to  claim 22 , wherein the remainder of the HDMS refined oil is provided as an intermediate oil product to be used as a feed stock for fluid catalyst cracking or hydrocracking process.  
     
     
         26 . An oil refining method according to any one of claims  14 ,  18  and  22 , wherein the feed oil is a low-sulfur crude that includes a sulfur content of 2.0 wt % or lower.