Colour-and/or effect-producing multicoat lacquer, method for production and use thereof

Abstract

A multicoat system produced by 1. applying a surfacer to a substrate and drying the resultant wet film without completely curing it, to give a surfacer film, or curing the resultant wet film thermally and optionally with actinic radiation, to give a surfacer coat, 2. applying a basecoat material to the surfacer film/surfacer coat, and drying the resultant wet film without completely curing it, to give a basecoat film, or curing the resultant wet film alone or together with the surfacer film thermally and, optionally, with actinic radiation, to give a color and/or effect basecoat, 3. applying a multicomponent clearcoat material to the basecoat film/basecoat, and curing the resultant wet film alone, together with the basecoat film or together with the basecoat film and the surfacer film, with actinic radiation and thermally, to give the multicoat system; wherein, the thermal curing is carried out at temperatures <120° C.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A multicoat color and/or effect coating system with the quality of an automotive OEM coating system, which is producible by 
 1. applying at least one surfacer curable thermally at a temperature <120° C. or curable with actinic radiation and thermally at a temperature <120° C. to a primed or unprimed substrate and 
 1.1 drying the resultant wet film without completely curing it, to give a surfacer film, or  
 1.2 curing the resultant wet film thermally at a temperature <120° C. or with actinic radiation and thermally at a temperature <120° C., to give a surfacer coat,  
   2. applying at least one basecoat material curable thermally at a temperature <120° C. or curable with actinic radiation and thermally at a temperature <120° C. to the surfacer film (1.1) or the surfacer coat (1.2), and 
 2.1 drying the resultant wet film without completely curing it, to give a basecoat film, or  
 2.2 curing the resultant wet film alone or together with the surfacer film (1.1) thermally at a temperature <120° C. or with actinic radiation and thermally at a temperature <120° C., to give a color and/or effect basecoat,  
   3. applying at least one multicomponent clearcoat material curable with actinic radiation and thermally at a temperature of <120° C. to the basecoat film (2.1) or the basecoat (2.2), and curing the resultant wet film 
 3.1 alone,  
 3.2 together with the basecoat film (2.1) or  
 3.3 together with the basecoat film (2.1) and the surfacer film (1.1)  
 with actinic radiation and thermally at a temperature <120° C., to give the multicoat system.  
   
     
     
         2 . The multicoat system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein actinic radiation used comprises electromagnetic radiation and/or corpuscular radiation.  
     
     
         3 . The multicoat system as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein electromagnetic radiation used comprises near infrared, visible light, UV radiation or X-rays and corpuscular radiation used comprises electron beams.  
     
     
         4 . The multicoat system as claimed in any of  claims 1  to  3 , wherein the thermal curing is conducted at a temperature <110° C.  
     
     
         5 . The multicoat system as claimed in any of  claims 1  to  4 , wherein surfacers used comprise 
 thermally curable surfacers based on aqueous polyurethane dispersions,  
 thermally curable multicomponent surfacers, or  
 surfacers curable thermally and with actinic radiation.  
 
     
     
         6 . The multicoat system as claimed in any of  claims 1  to  5 , wherein basecoat materials used comprise aqueous basecoat materials based on aqueous polyurethane dispersions and/or polyacrylate dispersions.  
     
     
         7 . The multicoat system as claimed in any of  claims 1  to  6 , wherein the multicomponent clearcoat materials curable thermally and with actinic radiation comprise at least 
 (A) one component comprising 
 (A1) at least one constituent containing at least two isocyanate-reactive functional groups and  
 (A2) at least one constituent containing at least one functional group which contains at least one bond which can be activated with actinic radiation, and/or  
 (A3) at least one constituent containing at least one isocyanate-reactive functional group and at least one functional group which contains at least one bond which can be activated with actinic radiation; and  
 
 (B) one component comprising 
 (B1) at least one polyisocyanate and/or  
 (B2) at least one compound containing at least one isocyanate group and at least one functional group which contains at least one bond which can be activated with actinic radiation.  
 
 
     
     
         8 . The multicoat system as claimed in  claim 7 , herein bonds used which can be activated with actinic radiation comprise carbon-hydrogen single bonds or carbon-carbon, carbon-oxygen, carbon-nitrogen, carbon-phosphorus or carbon-silicon single bonds or double bonds.  
     
     
         9 . The multicoat system as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein carbon-carbon double bonds (“double bonds”) are used.  
     
     
         10 . The multicoat system as claimed in  claim 9 , wherein the double bonds are present in the form of (meth)acrylate, ethacrylate, crotonate, cinnamate, vinyl ether, vinyl ester, ethenylarylene, dicyclopentadienyl, norbornenyl, isoprenyl, isopropenyl, allyl or butenyl groups; ethenylarylene ether, dicyclopentadienyl ether, norbornenyl ether, isoprenyl ether, isopropenyl ether, allyl ether or butenyl ether groups; or ethenylarylene ester, dicyclopentadienyl ester, norbornenyl ester, isoprenyl ester, isopropenyl ester, allyl ester or butenyl ester groups.  
     
     
         11 . The multicoat system as claimed in any of  claims 7  to  10 , wherein the isocyanate-reactive functional groups comprise thiol, primary or secondary amino, imino or hydroxyl groups.  
     
     
         12 . The multicoat system as claimed in any of  claims 1  to  11 , wherein the multicomponent clearcoat material curable with actinic radiation and thermally at a temperature of <120° C. comprises nanoparticles.  
     
     
         13 . A process for producing a multicoat color and/or effect coating system with the quality of an automotive OEM coating system as set forth in any of  claims 1  to  12  by application of at least one surfacer coat, at least one basecoat and at least one clearcoat to a primed or unprimed substrate and curing of the resultant wet films, which comprises 
 1. applying at least one surfacer curable thermally at a temperature <120° C. or curable with actinic radiation and thermally at a temperature <120° C. to a primed or unprimed substrate and 
 1.1 drying the resultant wet film without completely curing it, to give a surfacer film, or  
 1.2 curing the resultant wet film thermally at a temperature <120° C. or with actinic radiation and thermally at a temperature <120° C., to give a surfacer coat,  
 
 2. applying at least one basecoat material curable thermally at a temperature <120° C. or curable with actinic radiation and thermally at a temperature <120° C. to the surfacer film (1.1) or the surfacer coat (1.2), and 
 2.1 drying the resultant wet film without completely curing it, to give a basecoat film, or  
 2.2 curing the resultant wet film alone or together with the surfacer film (1.1) thermally at a temperature <120° C. or with actinic radiation and thermally at a temperature <120° C., to give a color and/or effect basecoat,  
 
 3. applying at least one multicomponent clearcoat material curable with actinic radiation and thermally at a temperature of <120° C. to the basecoat film (2.1) or the basecoat (2.2), and curing the resultant wet film 
 3.1 alone,  
 3.2 together with the basecoat film (2.1) or  
 3.3 together with the basecoat film (2.1) and the surfacer film (1.1)  
 with actinic radiation and thermally at a temperature <120° C., to give the clearcoat, the clearcoat and the basecoat, or the clearcoat, the basecoat and the surfacer coat.  
 
 
     
     
         14 . The use of the multicoat system as claimed in any of  claims 1  to  12  or of a multicoat system produced as claimed in  claim 13  for automotive OEM finishing, automotive refinish, the coating of furniture, doors, windows or the interior and exterior of constructions, or for industrial coating, including coil coating, container coating, and the coating or impregnation of electrical components.