Method for producing forgings mainly made of metals and alloys of titanium group and a forging system for carrying out said method

Abstract

Billett forging method involves heating and forging with two manipulator press in several passes by four-sided reduction in four-headed forging devices and transversal direction metal macro-shears. In temperature range, rough and final forging is carried out enclosing 40 to 100% of the cross-section perimeter of the billet. Forging system comprises forging press with top and bottom plates having locks arranging and fixing forging tools, a movable tool table positioning changeable forging tools, as two or more four-headed forging devices and one or two manipulators. Four-headed forging devices for rough and final forging are disposed on the table. Free space between the final forging device closed heads is 1.1-1.4 times less than the space between the rough forging heads. Working surface planes of rough forging device heads are parallel to the reference plane of the head, and two adjacent lateral planes arranged on two sides at a 135-170 ° angle.

What we claim is:  
     
         1 . A method of production of forged pieces mainly of metals and alloys from the subgroup of Titanium, comprising ingot heating, followed by forging in press with two manipulators during several stages by quadrilateral swaging in four-hammer block forging devices with additional macro-shift of metal in billet's transversal plane at every single swaging, feeding and tilting of billet, wherein forging is carried on in forging temperatures admissible range, with forging reduction ratio 2.0:1-32.0:1 for one heating of ingot, in two stages, first the rough forging in one or several four-hammer block forging devices for rough forging, and then calibrating forging in one four-hammer block forging device for calibrating forging with forging reduction ratio 1.05:1-1.8:1 and embracing of perimeter of billet cross section at every single swaging by each pair of working sections of the hammer blocks by 40-100%.  
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein at initial stage of rough forging, manipulator, which holds the ingot, performs one feed of the ingot into working area of four-hammer block forging device for rough forging, followed by several ingot swaging and tilting stages without feed, till the forged portion of the ingot is clamped by other manipulator  
     
     
         3 . The method of claims  1  or  2 , wherein prior to forging in one or several four-hammer block forging devices for rough forging, the ingot forging with two hammer blocks is carried on.  
     
     
         4 . Forging complex comprising upper and low plates with locks for clamping and fixing of forging tooling; movable tool table with several positions of forging tool change; forging tooling, consisting of two or more four-hammer block forging devices, located in positions of tool table; and one or two manipulators, wherein in tool table working sections there were mounted one or several four-hammer block forging devices for rough forging and at least one four-hammer block forging device for calibrating forging with hammer blocks, the working surfaces of which while closing repeat the shape of the final forged piece cross section; at the same time the area of free space between hammer blocks of forging device for calibrating forging with closed hammer blocks is 1.1-1.4 times less than the area of free space between hammer blocks of forging device for rough forging, having minimum area of free space between hammer blocks at closed position of hammer blocks, and working surface of every hammer block in four-hammer block forging device for rough forging is made in a form of a plane parallel to hammer block's supporting plane with two adjacent at 135-170° lateral planes.  
     
     
         5 . The forging complex of  claim 4 , wherein in four-hammer block forging device for calibrating forging of round cross section forged pieces the hammer blocks of the same pair symmetrically oriented relative to each other, have, each of them, two working sections in the form of projections, separated by made in the body of the hammer block groove, to the inner part of which the working projection of second pair of hammer block, positioned in mutually perpendicular plane, has been introduced with a gap; at the same time the working surface of each hammer block in its cross section has concave curvilinear shape with variable curvature radius and curvature radius of hammer block working surfaces, having two working sections, is 1.05-1.25 times more than curvature radius of working surfaces of the second pair of hammer blocks.