Microorganism for biological detoxification of mycotoxins, namely ochratoxins and/or zearalenons, as well as method and use thereof

Abstract

A microorganism for the biological inactivation or detoxification of mycotoxins, in particular ochratoxins, which is selected from bacteria and/or yeasts, which cleaves the phenylalanine group of the mycotoxins, in particular ochratoxins, as well as a method for biologically inactivating or detoxifying mycotoxins, in particular ochratoxins, in food products and animal feeds by the aid of a microorganism, and the use of the microorganism(s).

1 . A microorganism for the biological detoxification of mycotoxins, namely ochratoxins and/or zearalenons, wherein a microorganism and, in particular, aerobic or anaerobic detoxifying bacteria or yeasts is/are used, which cleave(s) the phenylalanine group of the ochratoxins and degrade zearalenons, respectively, wherein the mycotoxin-detoxifying bacteria are selected from the species  Sphingomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Ochrabactrum, Ralstonia  and/or  Eubacterium,  and/or the detoxifying yeasts are selected from the species  Trichosporon, Cryptococcus  and/or  Rhodotorula.    
     
     
         2 . A microorganism according to  claim 1 , wherein the detoxifying bacteria are selected from:  Sphingomonas  sp. DSM 14170 and DSM 14167,  Stenotrophomonas nitritreducens  DSM 14168,  Stenotrophomonas  sp. DSM 14169,  Ralstonia eutropha  DSM 14171 and  Eubacterium  sp. DSM 14197.  
     
     
         3 . A microorganism according to  claim 1 , wherein the detoxifying yeasts are selected from:  Trichosporon  spec. nov. DSM 14153,  Cryptococcus  sp. DSM 14154,  Rhodotorula yarrowii  DSM 14155,  Trichosporon mucoides  DSM 14156 and  Trichosporon dulcitum  Dsm 14162.  
     
     
         4 . A microorganism according to  claim 1 , wherein the bacteria and/or yeasts are stabilized particularly by lyophilization, spray-drying or microencapsulation.  
     
     
         5 . A microorganism according to  claim 1 , wherein the bacteria or yeasts are used as cell-free extracts or crude extracts.  
     
     
         6 . A microorganism according to  claim 5 , wherein said microorganism is used as a cell-free extract in a solution and, in particular, an aqueous solution.  
     
     
         7 . A microorganism according to  claim 5 , wherein said crude extract is obtained from said bacteria and yeasts by applying ultrasound, enzymatic digestion, a combination of shock-freezing and thawing, a flow homogenizer, a French press, autolysis at a high NaCl concentration, and/or a bead mill.  
     
     
         8 . A microorganism according to  claim 1 , wherein said microorganism is used in a buffered solution containing acetate, citrate, phosphate or trishydrochloride buffer at a pH of between 1 and 12 and, in particular, 2 and 8.  
     
     
         9 . The use of bacteria selected from:  Sphingomonas  sp. DSM 14170 and DSM 14167,  Stenotrophomonas nitritreducens  DSM 14168,  Stenotrophomonas  sp. DSM 14169,  Ralstonia eutropha  DSM 14171 and  Eubacterium  sp. DSM 14197, and/or yeasts selected from:  Trichosporon  spec. nov. DSM 14153,  Cryptococcus  sp. DSM 14154,  Rhodotorula yarrowii  DSM 14155,  Trichosporon mucoides  DSM 14156 and  Trichosporon dulcitum  DSM 14162 for the detoxification of mycotoxins, namely ochratoxins and/or zearalenons, in food products and/or animal feeds by cleaving the phenylalanine group of ochratoxin or degrading zearalenon.  
     
     
         10 . The use according to  claim 9 , wherein  Trichosporon  spec. nov. DSM 14153,  Eubacterium  sp. DSM 14197 or  Stenotrophomonas nitritreducens  DSM 14168 are used for the detoxification of mycotoxins, namely ochratoxins and/or zearalenons, in food products and/or animal feeds.  
     
     
         11 . The use according to  claim 9 , wherein mixed cultures of said bacteria and/or yeasts are used for the detoxification of mycotoxins, namely ochratoxins and/or zearalenons, in food products and/or animal feeds.  
     
     
         12 . A method for biologically detoxifying mycotoxins, namely ochratoxins and/or zearalenons, in food products and/or animal feeds by the aid of a microorganism, wherein a microorganism according to  claim 1  is mixed with the food products or animal feeds in amounts ranging from 0.01% by weight to 1% by weight and, in particular, 0.05% by weight to 0.5% by weight.  
     
     
         13 . A method according to  claim 12 , wherein said food products or animal feeds are treated by stirring in an aqueous suspension of said microorganism containing water at 20 to 99% by weight and, in particular, 35 to 85% by weight, at temperatures of from 10 to 60° C. and, in particular, 15 to 45° C., for 2 minutes to 12 hours and, in particular, 5 minutes to 2 hours.