Nonaqueous spray applied compositions and methods for applying them

Abstract

Nonaqueous compositions formulated for spray application to a substrate wherein the composition contains a foam-reducing quantity of at least one base-catalyzed reaction product comprising the following reactants: A) at least one compound of formula I R 1 (X) 3   (I) wherein each X group is a halogen atom or one X group is a halogen atom and two X groups represent an epoxy oxygen atom, which is attached to two adjacent carbon atoms in the R 1 group to form an epoxy group, and R 1 is an alkanetriyl group containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms; and B) at least one compound having the formula II R 2 X(AO) n Y  (II) wherein R 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, organic group having from 1 to 36 carbon atoms; X is —O—, —S—, or —NR 3 — where R 3 is hydrogen or a C 1 -C 18 alkyl group; each AO group is independently an ethyleneoxy, 1,2-propyleneoxy, or 1,2-butyleneoxy group, n is a number of from 0 to 200; and Y is hydrogen, or Y can be a mercapto group or an amino group or a C 1 -C 6 alkylamino group in place of a terminal —OH group, provided that when Y is mercapto or an amino group or a C 1 -C 6 alkylamino group, n is at least 1; wherein the mole ratio of the linking compound A) to B) is from 0.1:1 to 5:1; and methods for their application.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . In a nonaqueous composition formulated to be applied to a substrate by spray application, the improvement wherein the composition contains a foam-reducing quantity of at least one base-catalyzed reaction product comprising the following reactants: 
 A) at least one compound of formula I    R 1 (X) 3   (I)  wherein each X group is a halogen atom or one X group is a halogen atom and two X groups represent an epoxy oxygen atom, which is attached to two adjacent carbon atoms in the R 1  group to form an epoxy group, and R 1  is an alkanetriyl group containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms; and      B) at least one compound having the formula II   R 2 X(AO) n Y  (II) 
 wherein R 2  is a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, organic group having from 1 to 36 carbon atoms; X is —O—, —S—, or —NR 3 — where R 3  is hydrogen or a C 1 -C 18  alkyl group; each AO group is independently an ethyleneoxy, 1,2-propyleneoxy, or 1,2-butyleneoxy group, n is a number of from 0 to 200; and Y is hydrogen, or Y can be a mercapto group or an amino group or a C 1 -C 6  alkylamino group in place of a terminal —OH group, provided that when Y is mercapto or an amino group or a C 1 -C 6  alkylamino group, n is at least 1;  
   wherein the mole ratio of the linking compound A) to B) is from 0.1:1 to 5:1.    
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein said mole ratio is from about 0.6:1 to about 2:1.  
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein said mole ratio is from about 0.8:1 to about 1.5:1.  
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the composition contains from about 0.001 to 5% by weight of the at least one base-catalyzed reaction product.  
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the composition contains from about 0.1 to 3% by weight of the at least one base-catalyzed reaction product.  
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein component A) in said reaction product is epichlorohydrin.  
     
     
         7 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein in formula II in said reaction product n is a number of from 1 to 100.  
     
     
         8 . The composition of  claim 7  wherein n is a number of from 2 to 20.  
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein in component B) in said reaction product the R 2  group is a straight or branched chain alkyl group.  
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 9  wherein in component B) n is a number of from 2 to 20.  
     
     
         11 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein component B) in said reaction product has the formula:  
       R 2 O(EO) m (PO) p (BO) q H  (III)  wherein R 2  has the meaning given in  claim 1 , m is a number of from 0 to 100, p is a number of from 0 to 50, and q is a number of from 0 to 50.    
     
     
         12 . The composition of  claim 10  wherein component A) in said reaction product is epichlorohydrin.  
     
     
         13 . The composition of  claim 11  wherein the mole ratio of component A) to component B) is from about 0.6:1 to 2:1.  
     
     
         14 . The composition of  claim 13  wherein said mole ratio is from about 1.0:1 to about 2:1  
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 13  wherein said mole ratio is from about 0.8: to about 1.5:1.  
     
     
         16 . The composition of  claim 1   1  wherein m is a number of from 2 to 20.  
     
     
         17 . The composition of  claim 16  wherein p and q=0.  
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 11  wherein R 2  is an alkyl group having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.  
     
     
         19 . The composition of  claim 18  wherein R 2  is a branched alkyl group.  
     
     
         20 . The composition of  claim 11  wherein R 2  is an alkyl group having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, m is a number of from 4 to 50, and p and q=0.  
     
     
         21 . The composition of  claim 20  wherein component B) is isodecyl alcohol.4EO.  
     
     
         22 . A nonaqueous composition formulated to be applied to a substrate by spray application comprising. 
 I) at least one nonaqueous composition; and    II) at least one base-catalyzed reaction product comprising the following reactants:    A) at least one compound of formula I    R 1 (X) 3   (1)    wherein each X group is a halogen atom or one X group is a halogen atom and two X groups represent an epoxy oxygen atom, which is attached to two adjacent carbon atoms in the R 1  group to form an epoxy group, and R 1  is an alkanetriyl group containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms; and    B) at least one compound having the formula II    R 2 X(AO) n Y  (II)    wherein R 2  is a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, organic group having from 1 to 36 carbon atoms; X is —O—, —S—, or —NR 3 — where R 3  is hydrogen or a C 1 -C 18  alkyl group; each AO group is independently an ethyleneoxy, 1,2-propyleneoxy, or 1,2-butyleneoxy group, n is a number of from 0 to 200; and Y is hydrogen, or Y can be a mercapto group or an amino group or a C 1 -C 6  alkylamino group in place of a terminal —OH group, provided that when Y is mercapto or an amino group or a C 1 -C 6  alkylamino group, n is at least 1;    wherein the mole ratio of the linking compound A) to B) is from 0.1:1 to 5:1.    
     
     
         23 . The composition of  claim 22  wherein said mole ratio is from about 0.6:1 to about 2:1.  
     
     
         24 . The composition of  claim 22  wherein said mole ratio is from about 0.8:1 to about 1.5:1.  
     
     
         25 . The composition of  claim 22  wherein the composition contains from about 0.1 to 3% by weight of the at least one base-catalyzed reaction product.  
     
     
         26 . The composition of  claim 22  wherein component A) in said reaction product is epichlorohydrin.  
     
     
         27 . The composition of  claim 22  wherein in formula II in said reaction product n is a number of from 1 to 100.  
     
     
         28 . The composition of  claim 27  wherein n is a number of from 2 to 20.  
     
     
         29 . The composition of  claim 22  wherein in component B) in said reaction product the R 2  group is a straight or branched chain alkyl group.  
     
     
         30 . The composition of  claim 29  wherein in component B) n is a number from 2 to 20.  
     
     
         31 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein component B) in said reaction product has the formula  
       R 2 O(EO) m (PO) p (BO) q H  (III)  
       wherein R 2  has the meaning given in  claim 1 , m is a number of from 0 to 100, p is a number of from 0 to 50, and q is a number of from 0 to 50.  
     
     
         32 . The composition of  claim 31  wherein component A) in said reaction product is epichlorohydrin.  
     
     
         33 . The composition of  claim 31  wherein the mole ratio of component A) to component B) is from about 0.1:1 to about 5:1.  
     
     
         34 . The composition of  claim 33  wherein said mole ratio is from about 0.6:1 to about 2:1.  
     
     
         35 . The composition of  claim 33  wherein said mole ratio is from about 0.8:1 to about 1.5:1.  
     
     
         36 . The composition of  claim 31  wherein m is a number of from 2 to 20.  
     
     
         37 . The composition of  claim 36  wherein p and q=0.  
     
     
         38 . The composition of  claim 31  wherein R 2  is an alkyl group having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.  
     
     
         39 . The composition of  claim 38  wherein R 2  is a branched alkyl group.  
     
     
         40 . The composition of  claim 31  wherein R 2  is an alkyl group having form 4 to 12 carbon atoms, m is a number of from 4 to 50, and p and q=0.  
     
     
         41 . The composition of  claim 40  wherein component B) is isodecyl alcohol.4EO.  
     
     
         42 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the composition is a nonaqueous solvent-based paint.  
     
     
         43 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the composition is selected from the group consisting of a varnish, a lacquer, and an enamel.  
     
     
         44 . In a method for spraying a nonaqueous composition onto a substrate, the improvement wherein the nonaqueous composition contains a foam reducing quantity of at least one base-catalyzed reaction product comprising the following reactants: 
 A) at least one compound of formula I    R 1 (X) 3   (1)  wherein each X group is a halogen atom or one X group is a halogen atom and two X groups represent an epoxy oxygen atom, which is attached to two adjacent carbon atoms in the R 1  group to form an epoxy group, and R 1  is an alkanetriyl group containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms; and      B) at least one compound having the formula II    R 2 X(AO) n Y  (II)  wherein R 2  is a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, organic group having from 1 to 36 carbon atoms; X is —O—, —S—, or —NR 3 — where R 3  is hydrogen or a C 1 -C 18  alkyl group; each AO group is independently an ethyleneoxy, 1,2-propyleneoxy, or 1,2-butyleneoxy group, n is a number of from 0 to 200; and Y is hydrogen, or Y can be a mercapto group or an amino group or a C 1 -C 6  alkylamino group in place of a terminal —OH group, provided that when Y is mercapto or an amino group or a C 1 -C 6  alkylamino group, n is at least 1;    wherein the mole ratio of the linking compound A) to B) is from 0.1:1 to 5:1.