Blood purification apparatus for elevating purification efficiency

Abstract

The present invention relates to a blood purification apparatus characterized by having a blood osmotic pressure changing means that changes periodically the difference of osmotic pressure between the patient's blood osmotic pressure and the intracellular osmotic pressure of the patient. By using this apparatus, the following effects can be obtained. (1) The blood purification can be carried out accurately by a simple operation. (2) The blood purification can be carried out safely and physiologically for a living body. (3) The dialysis efficiency can be improved (elevated). Thus, as a result, the extension of the blood purification time can be avoided and the removal amount of medium-molecular-waste products is increased.

1 . A blood purification apparatus characterized to have a blood osmotic pressure changing means that changes periodically the osmotic gradient between the blood osmotic pressure of a patient and the patient's intracellular osmotic pressure.  
     
     
         2 . The blood purification apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the blood purification condition is controlled according to a blood indication level.  
     
     
         3 . The blood purification apparatus according to  claim 2 , wherein the control of the blood purification condition is carried out according to the target control line having blood indication level as an index level.  
     
     
         4 . The blood purification apparatus according to either  claim 1 ,  2  or  3 , wherein periodical change of the osmotic gradient between the blood osmotic pressure of a patient and the patient's intracellular osmotic pressure is performed in the latter part of the dialysis operation.  
     
     
         5 . The blood purification apparatus according to  claim 4 , wherein with a blood osmotic pressure changing means, the apparatus has a constitution to carry out purification process by making the blood osmotic pressure continuously in an increasing condition, in the former part of the blood purification process, and to carry out blood purification by forming a repeating condition of increasing and decreasing of the blood osmotic pressure.  
     
     
         6 . The blood purification apparatus according to  claim 1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4  or  5 , wherein the blood osmotic pressure changing means is a means to form a repeating condition of increasing and decreasing of patient's blood osmotic pressure in the blood circuit, during the blood purification process.  
     
     
         7 . The blood purification process according to  claim 6 , wherein the blood osmotic pressure changing means is a means performed with the change of purification condition in the blood purification process.  
     
     
         8 . The blood purification process according to  claim 7 , wherein the change of the purification condition is a change of water removal speed including the stop of the water removal.  
     
     
         9 . The blood purification apparatus according to  claim 8 , wherein the difference of the osmotic pressure between the blood osmotic pressure of a patient and the intracellular osmotic pressure of the patient is changed periodically with the change of the water removal speed.  
     
     
         10 . The blood purification apparatus according to  claim 6 , wherein the blood osmotic pressure changing means is performed by injecting directly the osmotic pressure changing material into the blood circuit.  
     
     
         11 . The blood purification apparatus according to  claim 6 , wherein the blood osmotic pressure changing means is performed by injecting the osmotic pressure changing material into the dialysate circuit.  
     
     
         12 . The blood purification apparatus according to  claim 1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  5 ,  6 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10  or  11 , wherein the blood purification means is an on-line hemodiafiltration (HDF) that is carried out by balancing the fluid volume flowed in from the dialysate circuit to the blood circuit, and the fluid volume flowed out from the dialysate circuit into the dialysate circuit via a hemodialyzer.  
     
     
         13 . The blood purification apparatus according to  11  or  12 , wherein the blood osmotic pressure changing means is a means of injecting a fluid comprising high content of sodium ion (140-150 mEq/l) and fluid comprising normal sodium ion (140 mEq/l) to the dialysate circuit with an sodium injector.  
     
     
         14 . A blood purification method wherein with a blood osmotic pressure changing means, the purification process is carried out by making continuously the blood osmotic pressure in an increasing condition in the former part of the blood purification process, and the purification process is carried out by forming artificially a repeating condition increasing and decreasing of the blood osmotic pressure in the latter part of the blood purification process, and said purification process is controlled according to a blood indication level or to a target control line wherein said blood indication level is an index level.  
     
     
         15 . The blood purification method according to  claim 14 , wherein the blood osmotic pressure changing means is performed by changing the water removal speed comprising the stop of the water removal or by supplying the osmotic pressure changing material to the blood circuit or to the dialysate circuit.  
     
     
         16 . A recording medium that has recorded at least the blood purification condition according to the blood osmotic pressure changing means, the blood indication level and the target control line of the blood purification according to the blood indication level.