Former and headbox for said former

Abstract

A former for a machine for the production of a fibrous web, particularly a paper or cardboard web including a headbox equipped with at least one stock suspension feed, one turbulence block equipped with several channels and/or a tube generator equipped with several channels, and a headbox nozzle whose suspension jet strikes an exposed or open surface of a dewatering belt, specifically a wire. Turbulence generating elements are allocated to at least a section of the channels and/or the headbox nozzle, in order to create turbulent flows in the suspension substreams in the channels, or in the headbox nozzle. The side of the suspension stream facing away from the dewatering belt is covered at least partially by a wall. A danger of the suspension stream bursting open is reduced to a minimum. In addition, swirling motions of considerably higher intensity than occur on conventional Fourdrinier wire formers are now permissible.

1 - 53 . (Canceled)  
     
     
         54 . A former for a machine for the production of a fibrous web, comprising: 
 a headbox having: 
 at least one stock suspension feed;  
 at least one turbulence block connected to said at least one stock suspension feed, at least one said turbulence block having at least one of a plurality of channels and a tube generator having said plurality of channels, said plurality of channels having a plurality of suspension sub-streams running in said channels, said plurality of channels having at least one section;  
 a headbox nozzle connected to at least one said turbulence block, said headbox nozzle producing a suspension stream; and  
 turbulence generating elements allocated to at least one of said at least one section of said channels and said headbox nozzle, said turbulence generating elements creating a plurality of turbulent flows in one of said plurality of suspension sub-streams and said headbox nozzle;  
   a dewatering belt having an open surface, said suspension stream incident on said open surface; and    a wall at least partially covering a side of said suspension stream facing away from said dewatering belt.    
     
     
         55 . The former of  claim 54 , wherein said former is a suction former.  
     
     
         56 . The former of  claim 54 , wherein said dewatering belt is a wire.  
     
     
         57 . The former of  claim 54 , wherein said wall is a stationary wall.  
     
     
         58 . The former of  claim 57 , wherein said stationary wall is installed on said headbox.  
     
     
         59 .The former of  claim 58 , wherein said stationary wall is adjustably installed on said headbox.  
     
     
         60 . The former of  claim 54 , wherein said wall is in motion.  
     
     
         61 . The former of  claim 54 , wherein said wall is permeable to water.  
     
     
         62 . The former of  claim 54 , wherein said wall is impermeable to water.  
     
     
         63 . The former of  claim 54 , wherein said wall is formed by a second dewatering belt.  
     
     
         64 . The former of  claim 63 , wherein said second dewatering belt is a revolving wire.  
     
     
         65 . The former of  claim 54 , wherein said wall includes a coverage area, said coverage area includes an at least partially curved progression.  
     
     
         66 . The former of  claim 54 , wherein said wall includes a coverage area, said coverage area includes an at least partially straight progression.  
     
     
         67 . The former of  claim 54 , wherein said wall includes both an upper wall with an upper wall length and a lower wall with a lower wall length, said lower wall length is not greater than 90% of said upper wall length.  
     
     
         68 . The former of  claim 67 , wherein said lower wall length is not greater than 60% of said upper wall length.  
     
     
         69 . The former of  claim 67 , wherein said lower wall length is not greater than 30% of said upper wall length.  
     
     
         70 . The former of  claim 54 , wherein at least one said section of said channels includes at least one turbulence causing insert.  
     
     
         71 . A former for a machine for the production of a fibrous web, comprising: 
 a headbox having: 
 at least one stock suspension feed;  
 at least one turbulence block connected to said at least one stock suspension feed, at least one said turbulence block having at least one of a plurality of channels and a tube generator having said plurality of channels, said plurality of channels having a plurality of suspension sub-streams running in said channels, said plurality of channels having at least one section;  
 a headbox nozzle connected to at least one said turbulence block; and  
 turbulence generating elements allocated to at least one said section of said channels, said turbulence generating elements creating a plurality of turbulent flows in said plurality of suspension sub-streams, each said turbulent flow rotating in a similar direction in said plurality of suspension sub-streams.  
   
     
     
         72 . The former of  claim 71 , wherein said former is one of a suction former and a twin wire former.  
     
     
         73 . The former of  claim 71 , further including helix spirals installed in at least one said section of said channels for a production of said turbulent flows that rotate in said similar direction.  
     
     
         74 . The former of  claim 71 , wherein said headbox includes a tube generator with nozzles for a feeding of a stock suspension into a respective said channel, each said channel has a corresponding center plane progressing in a longitudinal direction through said channel, said feeding occurs asymmetrically relative to each said center plane.  
     
     
         75 . The former of  claim 74 , wherein each said channel has a respective channel wall, in each said channel said feeding occurs approximately tangentially to said respective channel wall.  
     
     
         76 . The former of  claim 74 , further including a plurality of jets in fluid communication with said stock suspension and corresponding said channels, said stock suspension being fed through each said jet to said corresponding channel on only one side of said corresponding center plane.  
     
     
         77 . The former of  claim 76 , wherein said stock suspension is fed through each said jet to said corresponding channel on the same side of said corresponding center plane for each said channel.  
     
     
         78 . The former of  claim 71 , wherein said headbox includes at least one inlet for a supply of at least one of dilution water, air and chemicals.  
     
     
         79 . The former of  claim 78 , wherein said supply of at least one of dilution water, air and chemicals occurs essentially in an axial direction of a respective channel.  
     
     
         80 . The former of  claim 71 , further including both a forming roll having a second radius of curvature and a wall being located in an area opposite said forming roll, said wall being both at least partially curved and having a first radius of curvature, said first radius of curvature equal to or greater than said second radius of curvature.  
     
     
         81 . The former of  claim 80 , wherein said wall is stationary.  
     
     
         82 . The former of  claim 80 , wherein said wall covers a circumferential length of said forming roll, said circumferential length approximately between 100 to 400 mm.  
     
     
         83 . The former of  claim 81 , wherein said wall is one of rigid, deflection resistant and flexible.  
     
     
         84 . The former of  claim 80 , wherein said wall is both movable and is formed by an additional dewatering belt, said wall covers a circumferential length of said forming roll, said circumferential length approximately between 100 to 1500 mm, said circumferential length approximately between 100 to 400 mm corresponds with a circumferential angle of said forming roll approximately between 25° to 120°.  
     
     
         85 . The former of  claim 84 , wherein said additional dewatering belt is a revolving wire.  
     
     
         86 . The former of  claim 84 , wherein said dewatering belt is routed around a breast roll prior to said circumferential length when viewed in a direction of belt travel, said breast roll has a third radius of curvature, said first radius of curvature in an area covering said forming roll is greater than said third radius of curvature.  
     
     
         87 . The former of  claim 71 , further including at least one lamellar plate sectioning said headbox nozzle.  
     
     
         88 . The former of  claim 87 , wherein said headbox nozzle includes at least one nozzle wall, at least one of said at least one lamellar plate and said at least one nozzle wall has a whirl producing contour.  
     
     
         89 . The former of  claim 88 , wherein said whirl producing contour is a washboard countour.  
     
     
         90 . The former of  claim 88 , wherein at least one of said at least one lamellar plate and said at least one nozzle wall include contours which generate turbulence.  
     
     
         91 . The former of  claim 90 , wherein at least one of said at least one lamellar plate and said at least one nozzle wall include at least one interference body.  
     
     
         92 . The former of  claim 91 , wherein said at least one interference body of said at least one nozzle wall is a discontinuous tapering of a cross section of said at least one nozzle wall.  
     
     
         93 . The former of  claim 87 , wherein said headbox nozzle has a headbox nozzle length, said at least one lamellar plate has a lamellar plate length not exceeding 70% of said headbox nozzle length.  
     
     
         94 . The former of  claim 71 , wherein said headbox nozzle has a headbox nozzle length less than approximately 400 mm.  
     
     
         95 . The former of  claim 71 , further including an outlet cross section of said channels being essentially round.  
     
     
         96 . A headbox for a machine for the production of a fibrous web, comprising: 
 at least one stock suspension feed;    at least one turbulence block connected to said at least one stock suspension feed, at least one said turbulence block having at least one of a plurality of channels and a tube generator having said plurality of channels, said plurality of channels having a plurality of suspension sub-streams running in said channels, said plurality of channels having at least one section;    a headbox nozzle connected to at least one said turbulence block; and    turbulence generating elements allocated to at least one said section of said channels, said turbulence generating elements creating a plurality of same direction turbulent flows in said plurality of suspension sub-streams.    
     
     
         97 . The headbox of  claim 96 , wherein said headbox is for a former.  
     
     
         98 . The headbox of  claim 96 , further including both a stationary wall connected to said headbox nozzle and a suspension stream emerging from said headbox nozzle, said stationary wall covering said suspension stream.  
     
     
         99 . The headbox of  claim 98 , wherein said stationary wall is adjustable.  
     
     
         100 . The headbox of  claim 98 , wherein said stationary wall is permeable to water.  
     
     
         101 . The former of  claim 98 , wherein said stationary wall is impermeable to water.  
     
     
         102 . The former of  claim 98 , wherein said stationary wall includes both an upper wall with an upper wall length and a lower wall with a lower wall length, said lower wall length is not greater than 90% of said upper wall length.  
     
     
         103 . The former of  claim 102 , wherein said lower wall length is not greater than 60% of said upper wall length.  
     
     
         104 . The former of  claim 102 , wherein said lower wall length is not greater than 30% of said upper wall length.  
     
     
         105 . The former of  claim 96 , wherein said at least one section of said channels includes at least one turbulence generating insert.  
     
     
         106 . A headbox for a machine for the production of a fibrous web, comprising: 
 at least one stock suspension feed;    at least one turbulence block connected to said at least one stock suspension feed, at least one said turbulence block having at least one of a plurality of channels and a tube generator having said plurality of channels, said plurality of channels having a plurality of suspension sub-streams running in said channels, said plurality of channels having at least one section;    a headbox nozzle connected to at least one said turbulence block; and    turbulence generating elements allocated to at least one said section of said channels, said turbulence generating elements creating a plurality of turbulent flows in said plurality of suspension sub-streams, each said turbulent flow rotating in a similar direction in said plurality of suspension sub-streams.    
     
     
         107 . The headbox of  claim 106 , wherein said headbox is for a former.  
     
     
         108 . The headbox of  claim 106 , further including helix spirals installed in at least one said section of said channels for a production of said turbulent flows that rotate in said similar direction.  
     
     
         109 . The headbox of  claim 106 , wherein said headbox includes a tube generator with nozzles for a feeding of a stock suspension into a respective said channel, each said channel has a corresponding center plane progressing in a longitudinal direction through said channel, said feeding occurs asymmetrically relative to each said center plane.  
     
     
         110 . The headbox of  claim 109 , wherein each said channel has a respective channel wall, in each said channel said feeding occurs approximately tangentially to said respective channel wall.  
     
     
         111 . The headbox of  claim 109 , further including a plurality of jets in fluid communication with said stock suspension and corresponding said channels, said stock suspension being fed through each said jet to said corresponding channel on only one side of said corresponding center plane.  
     
     
         112 . The headbox of  claim 111 , wherein said stock suspension is fed through each said jet to said corresponding channel on a same side of said corresponding center plane for each said channel.  
     
     
         113 . The headbox of  claim 106 , wherein said headbox includes at least one inlet for a supply of at least one of dilution water, air and chemicals.  
     
     
         114 . The headbox of  claim 113 , wherein said supply of at least one of dilution water, air and chemicals occurs essentially in an axial direction of a respective channel.  
     
     
         115 . The headbox of  claim 106 , further including at least one lamellar plate sectioning said headbox nozzle.  
     
     
         116 . The headbox of  claim 115 , wherein said headbox nozzle includes at least one nozzle wall, at least one of said at least one lamellar plate and said at least one nozzle wall has a whirl producing contour.  
     
     
         117 . The headbox of  claim 116 , wherein said whirl producing contour is a washboard countour.  
     
     
         118 . The headbox of  claim 116 , wherein at least one of said at least one lamellar plate and said at least one nozzle wall include contours which generate turbulence.  
     
     
         119 . The headbox of  claim 118 , wherein at least one of said at least one lamellar plate and said at least one nozzle wall include at least one interference body.  
     
     
         120 . The headbox of  claim 119 , wherein said at least one interference body of said at least one nozzle wall is a discontinuous tapering of a cross section of said at least one nozzle wall.  
     
     
         121 . The headbox of  claim 115 , wherein said headbox nozzle has a headbox nozzle length, said at least one lamellar plate has a lamellar plate length not exceeding 70% of said headbox nozzle length.  
     
     
         122 . The headbox of  claim 106 , wherein said headbox nozzle has a headbox nozzle length less than approximately 400 mm.  
     
     
         123 . The headbox of  claim 106 , further including an outlet cross section of said channels which is essentially round.