Pyrotechnic composition for producing IR-radiation

Abstract

Described is a high-energy pyrotechnic composition which as a fluorine-supplying oxidation agent contains fluorinated spherical, carbocyclic cage molecules for example of the general formula (CR F ) n with R F ═C m F 2m+1 , wherein n is a natural number and m is a natural number including 0, or polymers with such fluorinated cage molecules as monomers, and which as a fuel contains a halophilic metal combining with fluorine in an exothermic reaction or such a metal alloy.

1 . A pyrotechnic composition for producing IR-radiation, 
 characterised in that    fluorinated spherical, carbocyclic cage molecules or polymers with such fluorinated cage molecules as monomers are included as an oxidation agent, and    a halophilic metal combining with fluorine in an exothermic reaction or such a metal alloy is contained as a fuel.    
     
     
         2 . A pyrotechnic composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that fluorinated spherical, carbocyclic cage molecules of the general formula (CR F ) n  with R F ═C m F 2n+1  or polymers with such fluorinated cage molecules as monomers are included as an oxidation agent, wherein n is a natural number and m is a natural number including 0.  
     
     
         3 . A pyrotechnic composition according to  claim 2  characterised in that m=0 or 1.  
     
     
         4 . A pyrotechnic composition according to  claim 2  or  claim 3  characterised in that n=4, 6, 8, 20, 60 or 70.  
     
     
         5 . A pyrotechnic composition according to  claim 4  characterised in that (CF) 4 , C 4 (CF 3 ) 4 , (CF) 6 , C 6 (CF 3 ) 6 , (CF) 8 , C 8 (CF 3 ) 8  and/or (CF) 20  is included as an oxidation agent.  
     
     
         6 . A pyrotechnic composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that polyfluorofullerenes of the general formula C 60+2n F 2m  or polymers with such polyfluorofullerenes as monomers are included as an oxidation agent, wherein n is a natural number including 0 and m is a natural number.  
     
     
         7 . A pyrotechnic composition according to  claim 6  characterised in that C 60 F 48  and/or C 60 F 60  is included as an oxidation agent.  
     
     
         8 . A pyrotechnic composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that polyfluorofullerenes of the general formula C 60+2n R 1   m R 2   b Z y  or polymers with such polyfluorofullerenes as monomers are included as an oxidation agent, wherein R 1  is a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain or an aromatic radical with up to 100 carbon atoms, R 2  is a straight or branched fluoroalkyl with up to 100 carbon atoms and Z is a hydrogen, fluorine, or chlorine atom, and wherein n, m and y are natural numbers including 0 and b is a natural number.  
     
     
         9 . A pyrotechnic composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that the fuel is a metal from the group of the metals lithium, beryllium, magnesium, zinc, calcium, strontium, barium, boron, aluminium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium or a mixture or alloy of said metals.  
     
     
         10 . A pyrotechnic composition according to  claim 9  characterised in that the fuel is magnesium.  
     
     
         11 . A pyrotechnic composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that the molar stoichiometry of the pyrotechnic composition complies with the formula  
         Φ/M≦w  
       wherein Φ is the number of fluorine atoms per fluorinated spherical carbocyclic cage molecule or monomer, M is the number of metal atoms and w is the maximum degree of oxidation of the metal.  
     
     
         12 . A pyrotechnic composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that the oxidation agent is sublimated on to the metal.