Methods of making pancreatic islet cells

Abstract

The invention features methods of promoting dedifferentiation of pancreatic cells, methods of obtaining pancreatic islet cells from the dedifferentiated pancreatic cells, and methods of treating a subject having a disorder characterized by insufficient pancreatic islet function by administering pancreatic islet cells obtained by these methods.

1 . A method of treating a subject having a disorder characterized by insufficient pancreatic islet function, the method comprising transplanting pancreatic islet cells to the subject, wherein the cells were made by a process comprising the following steps: 
 obtaining a population of adult or differentiated pancreatic cells substantially free of islet cells;    allowing said differentiated pancreatic cells to proliferate to form a population of dedifferentiated cells; and    culturing the population of dedifferentiated cells under conditions such that the cells differentiate into pancreatic islet cells that express insulin.    
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein culturing the population of dedifferentiated cells comprises: 
 adding a component of extracellular matrix (ECM) to the population of dedifferentiated pancreatic cells; and    growing the cells in the presence of the component of ECM for a time sufficient for the dedifferentiated cells to express insulin.    
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the population of differentiated pancreatic cells are pancreatic duct or exocrine cells.  
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the population of differentiated pancreatic cells are obtained from the subject.  
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the population of adult or differentiated pancreatic cells substantially free of islet cells is obtained from cells remaining after islet isolation from pancreatic tissue.  
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the population of adult or differentiated pancreatic cells substantially free of islet cells is selected based on their ability to adhere to a container.  
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the population of dedifferentiated pancreatic cells is cultured until at least about 70% confluency before adding a component of the extracellular matrix.  
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the dedifferentiated pancreatic cells express cytokeratin.  
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the component of extracellular matrix is laminin.  
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the component of extracellular matrix is a basement membrane derived substance.  
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the basement membrane is laid down by an Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm tumor cell.  
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the component of extracellular matrix is collagen.  
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the component of extracellular matrix is entactin.  
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the component of extracellular matrix is heparin sulfate proteoglycan.  
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the component of extracellular matrix is nidogen.  
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the component of extracellular matrix is added by overlaying the population of dedifferentiated cells.  
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the pancreatic islet cells form cultivated islet buds.  
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the cultivated islet buds comprise hormone positive islet cells.  
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the cultivated islet cells express increased levels of insulin expression as compared to the dedifferentiated cells.  
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the pancreatic islet cells have the ability to secrete insulin in response to glucose.  
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein allowing said differentiated duct or exocrine cells to proliferate comprises adding an agent that promotes expansion to the adult or differentiated pancreatic cells.  
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the agent is a growth factor or a combination of growth factors.  
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the growth factor is selected from the group consisting of keratinocyte growth factor, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-α, hepatocyte growth factor, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein the growth factor is keratinocyte growth factor.  
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the agent is nicotinamide.  
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein allowing said differentiated duct or exocrine cells to proliferate comprises placing the adult or differentiated pancreatic cells on a substrate in a glucose-containing media.  
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the proliferation is characterized by expression of IPF-1.  
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the proliferation is characterized by expression of PDX-1.  
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the proliferation is characterized by expression of Pref-1.  
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the proliferation is characterized by expression of IPF-1.  
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the proliferation is characterized by expression of PDX-1.  
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the proliferation is characterized by expression of Pref-1.