US2005075348A1PendingUtilityA1

Functionalized heterocycles as modulators of chemokine receptor function and methods of use therefor

Assignee: MILLENNIUM PHARM INCPriority: Mar 12, 2001Filed: Nov 8, 2004Published: Apr 7, 2005
Est. expiryMar 12, 2021(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
C07D 401/06C07D 405/12A61P 31/18C07D 401/12C07D 491/04C07D 401/14C07D 491/08C07D 401/04C07D 487/04C07D 403/12C07D 209/42C07D 235/26
49
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Claims

Abstract

Disclosed are novel compounds having the formula or a physiologically acceptable salt, amide, ester or prodrug thereof. The compounds can be used to modulate (antagonize, agonize) chemokine receptor function. Also disclosed is a method for treating a patient having an inflammatory disease and/or viral infection comprising administering an effective amount of a compound of Formula I. In particular embodiments, the invention is a method for treating a patient infected with HIV.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
1 . A compound having the formula  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       or a physiologically acceptable salt, amide, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
 G is CR 1  or N;  
 J is CR 2  or N;  
 H is CR 3  or N;  
 M is C—Y, CH—Y, N—Y or N;  
 Q is NR 4 , SR 4 , O, SO or SO 2 ;  
 X is hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, oxygen, NR 5 , S, SR 5  or NR 5 R 6 ;  
 Y is  
                     
 P is -A-L-nitrogen-containing heteroaryl, -A-L-substituted nitrogen-containing heteroaryl,  
                     
 wherein a, b and c are each, independently, an integer from 0 to about 4, with the proviso that when a is 0, c is not 1 and when b is 0, c is not 1;  
 A is O, N(—R 12 ), a bond or is absent;  
 L is C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, a bond, or  
                     
 wherein 
 * is the point of attachment to A; and  
 ** is the point of attachment to N;  
 
 R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 11 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16  and R 19  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, halogen, C 1 -C 8  alkoxy,  
                     Z is aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl or substituted heteroaryl;    R 22  and R 23  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl; or    R 22  and R 23  taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded can form a three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;    
 R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 12 , R 17  and R 18  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl,  
                     R 20  and R 2 , are independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl or alkylheteroaryl; or    R 20  and R 21  taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded can form a three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;    Z′ is aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl or substituted heteroaryl; or    
 R 1  taken together with any one of R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15  or R 16  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;  
 R 2  taken together with any one of R 3 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15  or R 16  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;  
 P taken together with either R 1  or R 2  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a five to about eight membered substituted nonaromatic ring that can contain a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;  
 any two of R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16  and R 17 , taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;  
 with the proviso that the compound does not have the formula:  
                                       
 wherein R 7  and R 8  are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or isopropyl; k is zero or one; and R 4  is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, pentyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl.  
 
     
     
         2 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein X is phenyl, substituted phenyl, pyridyl, C 1 -C 8  alkyl or substituted C 1 -C 8  alky.  
     
     
         3 . The compound of  claim 2 , wherein X is —CH 3  or —CF 3 .  
     
     
         4 . The compound of  claim 2 , wherein X is phenyl of substituted phenyl.  
     
     
         5 . The compound of  claim 4 , wherein X is phenyl.  
     
     
         6 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein R 4  is hydrogen.  
     
     
         7 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein R 1  and R 2  independently, hydrogen, a halogen, —CH 3 , —CF 3  or —OCH 3 .  
     
     
         8 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein Y is  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         9 . The compound of  claim 8 , wherein R 17  is C 1 -C 8  alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or pyridyl.  
     
     
         10 . The compound of  claim 8 , wherein R 17  is phenyl.  
     
     
         11 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein Y is  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 20  and R 21  are independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl; or  
         R 20  and R 21  taken together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded form a three to about eight membered ring which can contain one to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur; and  
         Z′ is selected from the group consisting of aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl and substituted heteroaryl.  
       
     
     
         12 . The compound of  claim 11 , wherein Y is  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         13 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein Y is  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         14 . The compound of  claim 13 , wherein R 17  is C 1 -C 8  alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or pyridyl.  
     
     
         15 . The compound of  claim 13 , wherein R 17  is phenyl.  
     
     
         16 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein L is  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein 
 * is the point of attachment to A;  
 ** is the point of attachment to N; and  
 A is a bond.  
 
     
     
         17 . The compound of claims  1 , wherein P is  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 7  and R 8  are ethyl; and  
         L is  
         
           
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
         
       
     
     
         18 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein P is  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 7  and R 8  are ethyl;  
         L is  
         
           
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
         
         and Y is  
         
           
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
         
         wherein R 20  and R 21  are independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, or  
         R 20  and R 21  taken together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded form a three to about eight membered ring which can contain one to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur; and  
         Z′ is selected from the group consisting of aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl and substituted heteroaryl.  
       
     
     
         19 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein P is  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 7  and R 8  taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded form a three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain one or two additional heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;  
         L is  
         
           
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
         
         and Y is  
         
           
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
         
         wherein R 20  and R 21  are independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alky, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, or  
         R 20  and R 21  taken together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded form a three to about eight membered ring which can contain one to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur; and  
         Z′ is selected from the group consisting of aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl and substituted heteroaryl.  
       
     
     
         20 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein 
 X is methyl or trifluoromethyl;    A is a bond;    R 4  is hydrogen; and    Y is                          
     
     
         21 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound has the formula  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         22 . The compound of  claim 22 , wherein R 4  is hydrogen.  
     
     
         23 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound has the formula  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein 
 M is N—Y or CH—Y; and  
 X is oxygen, S or SR 5 .  
 
     
     
         24 . The compound of  claim 23 , wherein X is oxygen.  
     
     
         25 . The compound of  claim 23 , wherein R 4  is hydrogen.  
     
     
         26 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound has the formula  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein 
 M is C—Y or N; and  
 X is hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, SR 5  or NR 5 R 6 .  
 
     
     
         27 . The compound of  claim 26 , wherein X is phenyl.  
     
     
         28 . The compound of  claim 26 , wherein R 4  is hydrogen.  
     
     
         29 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound has the formula  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         30 . The compound of  claim 29 , wherein X is O, S or NR 5 .  
     
     
         31 . The compound of  claim 29 , wherein R 4  is hydrogen.  
     
     
         32 . The compound of  claim 29 , wherein 
 X is oxygen,    R 4  is hydrogen; and    Y is                        R 20  and R 21  are independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, or    R 20  and R 21  taken together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded form a three to about eight membered ring which can contain one to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur; and    Z′ is selected from the group consisting of aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl and substituted heteroaryl.      
     
     
         33 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound has the formula  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         34 . The compound of  claim 33 , wherein R 4  is hydrogen.  
     
     
         35 . The compound of  claim 33 , wherein X is phenyl, substituted phenyl, pyridyl, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, —CH 3  or —CF 3 .  
     
     
         36 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound has a formula selected from  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein 
 n is an integer from zero to about three;  
 m is zero or one;  
 W is CH 2  or C(═O); and  
 Q is CH 2 , NR 18 , O or S.  
 
     
     
         37 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of: 
 5-[2-(4-tert-Butoxycarbonyl-piperazin-1-yl)-ethoxy]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    1-[2-(3-Benzyloxycarbonyl-2-methyl-1H-indole-5-yloxy)-ethyl]-piperazin-1-ium; chloride;    2-Methyl-5-[2-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-ethoxy]-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-[2-(3-methyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethoxy]-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    1-[2-(3-Benzyloxycarbonyl-2-methyl-1H-indole-5-yloxy)-ethyl]-3-phenyl-pyrrolidinium; chloride;    5-(2-Diisopropylamino-ethoxy)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    1-Benzyl-5-(2-diethylamino-ethoxy)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    1-Methyl-5-(2-diethylamino-ethoxy)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(1-Diethylcarbamoyl-propoxy)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(4-pyrrolidin-1-yl-butoxy)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(4-pyrrolidin-1-yl-butoxy)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethoxy)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-phenyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-[2-(3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethoxy]-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-[2-(2-phenyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethoxy]-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester; 
 5-[2-((R)-3-Hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethoxy]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;  
   2-Methyl-5-[2-(2-pyridin-3-yl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethoxy]-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(2-Dipropylamino-ethoxy)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-trifluoromethyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(2-pyrrolidine-1-yl-ethylamino)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-Amino-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-[Bis-(2-pyrrolidine-1-yl-ethyl)-amino)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-[Acetyl-(2-pyrrolidine-1-yl-ethyl)-amino)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    
     
     
         38 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of: 
 5-[2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidine-1-yl)-ethoxy]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-[2-(2-methyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethoxy]-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-[2-(2-oxa-6-aza-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-ethoxy]-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-{2-[3-(Acetyl-methyl-amino)-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethoxy}-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-[2-(2,5-Dimethyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethoxy]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-[2-(3-Dimethylamino-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethoxy]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester, dihydrochloride;    2-Methyl-5-[2-(1,3,3-trimethyl-6-aza-bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-yl)-ethoxy]-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-[2-(1,3,3-trimethyl-6-aza-bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-yl)-ethyl]-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-[2-((R)-2-Methoxymethyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethyl]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-[2-(2-methyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethyl]-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-[2-((R)-2-Hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethyl]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-[2-((S)-2-Methoxymethyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethyl]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(2-Azetidin-1-yl-ethyl]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-[2-(2-oxa-5-aza-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-ethyl]-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-{2-[3-(Acetyl-methyl-amino)-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-ethyl}-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-[2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidine-1-yl)-ethyl]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(3-pyrrolidin-1-yl-propoxy)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(1-methyl-piperidin-2-yl-methoxy)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(1-Diethylcarbamoyl-1-methyl-ethoxy)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-7-pyrrolidin-1-yl-methyl-3,7,8,9-tetrahydro-pyrano[3,2-e]indole-1-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(2-methyl-2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-propoxy)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(1-methyl-piperidin-3-ylmethoxy)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(1-Benzyl-pyrrolidin-3-yloxy)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(1-Ethyl-pyrrolidin-3-yloxy)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(pyrrolidin-3-yloxy)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester, hydrochloride;    
     
     
         39 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of: 
 5-(1-Isopropyl-pyrrolidin-3-yloxy)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-Carbamimidoylmethoxy-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(2-Imino-2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-pyridin-3-yl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-pyridin-3-yl-indole-1,3-dicarboxylic acid 3-benzyl ester 1-tert-butyl ester;    5-(3-Diethylamino-propyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(3-Dimethylamino-prop-1-ynyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-((Z)-3-Dimethylamino-propenyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(1-Ethyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester hydrochloride;    2-Methyl-5-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-[2-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-ethyl]-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-[2-(Cyclohexyl-methyl-amino)-ethyl]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(2-Diisobutylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(2-methylamino-ethyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-{2-[methyl-(tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl)-amino]-ethyl}-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-Aminomethyl-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester, hydrochloride;    5-(tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-methyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-Diethylaminomethyl-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester, hydrochloride;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Dimethylamino-ethoxy)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-phenyl ethyl ester hydrochloride;    2-Methyl-5-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-phenyl ethyl ester hydrochloride;    
     
     
         40 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of: 
 2-Methyl-5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-propoxy)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(2-Cyclohexylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(2-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(4-bromophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(4-(2-methyl-2-propyl)phenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(4-bromophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(3-fluorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(3-fluorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(3-fluorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-(S)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(3-fluorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-(S)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester;    5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(3-fluorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    
     
     
         41 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of: 
 5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester;    5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-(S)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 3-nitro-4-methyl-benzyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 3-nitro-4-methyl-benzyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 3-nitro-4-methyl-benzyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 3-nitro-4-methyl-benzyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 2-biphenyl methyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 2-biphenyl methyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 2-biphenyl methyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 2-biphenyl methyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2-bromophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphth-5-yl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid indan-1-yl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-methyl-1-cyclopentyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-methyl-1-cyclohexyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2-bromophenyl)-ethyl ester;    
     
     
         42 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of: 
 5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(4-bromophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(4-(2-methyl-2-propyl)phenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphth-1-yl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic indan-1-yl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-methyl-1-cyclopentyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-methyl-1-cyclohexyl ester;    5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2-bromophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(4-bromophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(4-(2-methyl-2-propyl)phenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl-1-yl) ester;    5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (1-indanyl) ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2-bromophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(4-bromophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(4-t-butylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl-1-yl) ester;    5-(2-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (1-indanyl) ester;    5-(2-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (1-methylcyclopetan-1-yl) ester;    5-(2-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (1-methylcyclohex-1-yl) ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(4-bromophenyl)-ethyl ester;    
     
     
         43 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of: 
 5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2-bromophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(4-t-butylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl-1-yl) ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (1-indanyl) ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (1-methylcyclopetan-1-yl) ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (1-methylcyclohex-1-yl) ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(3-methoxyphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(3-methoxyphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(3-methoxyphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(3-methoxyphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(3-methoxyphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidinyl-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic 1-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidinyl-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidino)-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    
     
     
         44 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of: 
 5-(2-Piperidinyl-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2-methylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2-methylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidinyl-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic 1-(2-methylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2-methylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidinyl-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Pyrrolidino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Piperidinyl-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-(S)-(4-fluorophenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl ester; and    2-Methyl-5-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl ester.    
     
     
         45 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of: 
 5-(2-Amino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester hydrochloride;    5-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester hydrochloride;    2-Methyl-5-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl ester;    2-Methyl-5-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl ester;    5-[2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidin-1-yl)-ethyl]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-[2-(4-Hydroxy-piperidin-1-yl)-ethyl]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl ester;    5-[2-(Cyclohexyl-methyl-amino)-ethyl]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-[2-(Cyclohexyl-methyl-amino)-ethyl]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl ester;    5-(1-Ethyl-piperidin-4-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(1-Ethyl-piperidin-4-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl ester;    5-[1-(1-Ethyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1-methyl-ethyl]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-[1-(1-Ethyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1-methyl-ethyl]-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl ester;    5-(1-Ethyl-4-methyl-piperidin-4-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(1-Ethyl-4-methyl-piperidin-4-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl ester;    5-(1-Isopropyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(1-Isopropyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl ester;    5-(1-Ethyl-1-aza-spiro[4.4]non-7-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl ester;    5-(1-Ethyl-1-aza-spiro[4.4]non-7-yl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl ester;    2-Methyl-7-(2-propyl)-1H-azepino[5,6-h]indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester;    7-Isopropyl-2-methyl-1,5,6,7,8,9-hexahydro-azepino[4,5-f]indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl ester; and    7-Isopropyl-2-methyl-1,5,6,7,8,9-hexahydro-azepino[4,5-f]indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl ester.    
     
     
         46 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of: 
 6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid benzylamide;    2-Oxo-6-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethyl)-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid benzylamide;    2-Oxo-6-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethyl)-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid benzylamide;    6-[2-(Cyclohexyl-methyl-amino)-ethyl]-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid benzylamide;    6-{2-[4-(Furan-2-carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-ethyl}-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid benzylamide;    {4-[2-(3-Benzylcarbamoyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzoimidazol-5-yl)-ethyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-acetic acid ethyl ester;    6-{2-[4-(Isopropylcarbamoyl-methyl)-piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid benzylamide;    2-Oxo-6-{2-[4-(3-phenyl-alkyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-ethyl}-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid benzylamide;    2-Oxo-6-[2-(4-pyridin-2-yl-piperazin-1-yl)-ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid benzylamide;    6-{2-[4-(4-Acetyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-ethyl}-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid benzylamide;    2-Oxo-6-[2-(4-phenethyl-piperazin-1-yl)-ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid benzylamide;    6-{2-[4-(2-Cyclohexyl-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-ethyl}-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid benzylamide;    6-[2-(4-Benzyl-piperidin-1-yl)-ethyl]-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid benzylamide;    6-{2-[4-(2-Morpholin-4-yl-2-oxo-ethyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-ethyl}-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid benzylamide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid phenethyl-amide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid isopropylamide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid (3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl)-amide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid (2,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-amide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid propylamide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid (4-isopropyl-phenyl)-amide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid naphthalen-1-ylamide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid (4-fluoro-phenyl)-amide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid 2-chloro-benzylamide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid (4-chloro-phenyl)-amide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid 2-methyl-benzylamide;    
     
     
         47 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of: 
 6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid 4-methoxy-benzylamide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid (3-chloro-phenyl)-amide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid (2-ethoxy-phenyl)-amide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid (4-benzyloxy-phenyl)-amide;    4-[2-(3-Benzylcarbamoyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzoimidazol-5-yl)-ethyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester;    2-Oxo-6-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethyl)-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid (1-phenyl-ethyl)-amide;    6-(2-Diethylamino-ethyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid (1S-phenyl-ethyl)-amide;    2-Oxo-6-{2-[4-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-yl)-piperidin-1-yl]-ethyl)-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid benzylamide; and    2-Oxo-6-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethyl)-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazole-1-carboxylic acid tert-butylamide.    
     
     
         48 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of: 
 2-Methyl-6-pyrrolidin-1-yl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-benz[f]indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl ester;    2-Methyl-6-pyrrolidin-1-yl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-benz[f]indole-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl ester;    6-Diethylamino-2-methyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-aza-s-indacene-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl ester;    6-Diethylamino-2-methyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-aza-s-indacene-3-carboxylic acid (S)-1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl ester; and    2-Methyl-6-pyrrolidino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[h]-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid benzyl ester.    
     
     
         49 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of  claim 1  and a physiologically acceptable vehicle, excipient, carrier or adjuvant.  
     
     
         50 . A method for modulating the activity of a chemokine receptor in a patient -comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of a compound having the formula  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       or a physiologically acceptable salt, amide, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
 G is CR 1  or N;  
 J is CR 2  or N;  
 H is CR 3  or N;  
 M is C—Y, CH—Y, N—Y or N;  
 Q is NR 4 , SR 4 , O, SO or SO 2 ;  
 X is hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, oxygen, NR 5 , S, SR 5  or NR 5 R 6 ;  
 Y is  
                     
 P is -A-L-nitrogen-containing heteroaryl, -A-L-substituted nitrogen-containing heteroaryl,  
                     
 wherein a, b and c are each, independently, an integer from 0 to about 4, with the proviso that when a is 0, c is not 1 and when b is 0, c is not 1;  
 A is O, N(—R 12 ), a bond or is absent;  
 L is C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, a bond, or  
                     
 wherein 
 * is the point of attachment to A; and  
 ** is the point of attachment to N;  
 
 R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 11 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16  and R 19  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, halogen, C 1 -C 8  alkoxy,  
                     Z is aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl or substituted heteroaryl;    R 22  and R 23  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl; or    R 22  and R 23  taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded can form a three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;    
 R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 12 , R 17  and R 18  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl,  
                     R 20  and R 21  are independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl or alkylheteroaryl; or    R 20  and R 21  taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded can form a three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;    Z′ is aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl or substituted heteroaryl; or    
 R 1  taken together with any one of R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15  or R 16  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;  
 R 2  taken together with any one of R 3 , R 7 , R 8 , R 19 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15  or R 16  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;  
 P taken together with either R 1  or R 2  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a five to about eight membered substituted nonaromatic ring that can contain a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur; and  
 any two of R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16  and R 17 , taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.  
 
     
     
         51 . The method of  claim 42 , wherein said chemokine receptor is CCR5.  
     
     
         52 . A method for treating a patient having an inflammatory disease comprising administering to said patient an effective amount of a compound having the formula  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       or a physiologically acceptable salt, amide, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
 G is CR 1  or N;  
 J is CR 2  or N;  
 H is CR 3  or N;  
 M is C—Y, CH—Y, N—Y or N;  
 Q is NR 4 , SR 4 , O, SO or SO 2 ;  
 X is hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, oxygen, NR 5 , S, SR 5  or NR 5 R 6 ;  
 Y is  
                     
 P is -A-L-nitrogen-containing heteroaryl, -A-L-substituted nitrogen-containing heteroaryl,  
                     
 wherein a, b and c are each, independently, an integer from 0 to about 4, with the proviso that when a is 0, c is not 1 and when b is 0, c is not 1;  
 A is O, N(—R 12 ), a bond or is absent;  
 L is C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, a bond, or  
                     
 wherein 
 * is the point of attachment to A; and  
 ** is the point of attachment to N;  
 
 R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 11 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16  and R 19  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, halogen, C 1 -C 8  alkoxy,  
                     Z is aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl or substituted heteroaryl;    R 22  and R 23  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl; or    R 22  and R 23  taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded can form a three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;    
 R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 12 , R 17  and R 18  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl,  
                     R 20  and R 21  are independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl or alkylheteroaryl; or    R 20  and R 21  taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded can form a three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;    Z′ is aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl or substituted heteroaryl; or    
 R 1  taken together with any one of R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15  or R 16  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;  
 R 2  taken together with any one of R 3 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15  or R 16  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;  
 P taken together with either R 1  or R 2  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a five to about eight membered substituted nonaromatic ring that can contain a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur; and  
 any two of R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16  and R 17 , taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.  
 
     
     
         53 . A method for treating a patient infected by HIV comprising administering to said patient an effective amount of a compound having the formula  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       or a physiologically acceptable salt, amide, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
 G is CR 1  or N;  
 J is CR 2  or N;  
 H is CR 3  or N;  
 M is C—Y, CH—Y, N—Y or N;  
 Q is NR 4 , SR 4 , O, SO or SO 2 ;  
 X is hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, oxygen, NR 5 , S, SR 5  or NR 5 R 6 ;  
 Y is  
                     
 P is -A-L-nitrogen-containing heteroaryl, -A-L-substituted nitrogen-containing heteroaryl,  
                     
 wherein a, b and c are each, independently, an integer from 0 to about 4, with the proviso that when a is 0, c is not 1 and when b is 0, c is not 1;  
 A is O, N(—R 12 ), a bond or is absent;  
 L is C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, a bond, or  
                     
 wherein 
 * is the point of attachment to A; and  
 ** is the point of attachment to N;  
 
 R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 11 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16  and R 19  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, halogen, C 1 -C 8  alkoxy,  
                     Z is aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl or substituted heteroaryl;    R 22  and R 23  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl; or    R 22  and R 23  taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded can form a three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;    
 R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 12 , R 17  and R 18  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl,  
                     R 20  and R 21  are independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl or alkylheteroaryl; or    R 20  and R 21  taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded can form a three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;    Z′ is aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl or substituted heteroaryl; or    
 R 1  taken together with any one of R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15  or R 16  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;  
 R 2  taken together with any one of R 3 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15  or R 16  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;  
 P taken together with either R 1  or R 2  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a five to about eight membered substituted nonaromatic ring that can contain a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur; and  
 any two of R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16  and R 17 , taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.  
 
     
     
         54 . A method for inhibiting progression to AIDS or ARC in a patient infected with HIV comprising administering to said patient an effective amount of a compound having the formula  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       or a physiologically acceptable salt, amide, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
 G is CR 1  or N;  
 J is CR 2  or N;  
 H is CR 3  or N;  
 M is C—Y, CH—Y, N—Y or N;  
 Q is NR 4 , SR 4 , O, SO or SO 2 ;  
 X is hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, oxygen, NR 5 , S, SR 5  or NR 5 R 6 ;  
 Y is  
                     
 P is -A-L-nitrogen-containing heteroaryl, -A-L-substituted nitrogen-containing heteroaryl,  
                     
 wherein a, b and c are each, independently, an integer from 0 to about 4, with the proviso that when a is 0, c is not 1 and when b is 0, c is not 1;  
 A is O, N(—R 12 ), a bond or is absent;  
 L is C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, a bond, or  
                     
 wherein 
 * is the point of attachment to A; and  
 ** is the point of attachment to N;  
 
 R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 11 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16  and R 19  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl, halogen, C 1 -C 8  alkoxy,  
                     Z is aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl or substituted heteroaryl;    R 22  and R 23  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl; or    R 22  and R 23  taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded can form a three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;    
 R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 12 , R 17  and R 18  are independently, hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, alkylheteroaryl,  
                     R 20  and R 2 , are independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 8  alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 8  alkyl, C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkenyl, C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 8  alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl or alkylheteroaryl; or    R 20  and R 21  taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded can form a three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;    Z′ is aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl or substituted heteroaryl; or    
 R 1  taken together with any one of R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15  or R 16  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;  
 R 2  taken together with any one of R 3 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15  or R 16  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur;  
 P taken together with either R 1  or R 2  and the atoms to which they are bonded form a five to about eight membered substituted nonaromatic ring that can contain a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur; and  
 any two of R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16  and R 17 , taken together with the atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted or unsubstituted three to about eight membered cyclic ring which can contain zero to about three heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.

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