Methods of using Michael addition compositions

Abstract

Methods of bonding substrates, forming foams, and forming elastomers are provided, using compositions cured by the Michael addition reaction.

1 . A method comprising the steps of 
 (a) applying to a first substrate a layer of a functional mixture comprising 
 (i) at least one multi-functional Michael donor,  
 (ii) at least one multi-functional Michael acceptor, and  
 (iii) at least one strong base catalyst;  
   (b) contacting at least one further substrate to said layer of said mixture.    
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1  wherein at least one of (i) or (ii) has a skeleton that has molecular weight of 400 or greater.  
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 2  wherein at least one of (i) or (ii) has a skeleton that is an oligomer or polymer.  
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1  wherein at least one of (i) or (ii) has functionality of 3 or greater.  
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1  wherein said functional mixture has reactive equivalent ratio of is 0.1:1 to 3:1.  
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1  wherein (i) comprises at least one multi-functional Michael donor that has at least 2 acetoacetyl groups per molecule.  
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1  wherein (ii) comprises at least one multi-functional acrylate with molecular weight between 100 and 1,000.  
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of reacting (i) with (ii) or allowing them to react.  
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein the product of said reacting or allowing to react has a glass transition temperature of 15° C. or lower.  
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein the product of said reacting or allowing to react has a glass transition temperature of −10° C. or higher.  
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein the product of said reacting or allowing to react has a glass transition temperature of 50° C. or higher.  
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein said reacting or allowing to react is conducted at temperature of 43° C. or above.  
     
     
         13 . A bonded article comprising at least two substrates in contact with an adhesive composition, wherein said adhesive composition comprises reaction products of a functional mixture comprising 
 (i) at least one multi-functional Michael donor,    (ii) at least one multi-functional Michael acceptor, and    (iii) at least one strong base catalyst.    
     
     
         14 . An elastomer comprising reaction products of a functional mixture comprising 
 (i) at least one multi-functional Michael donor,    (ii) at least one multi-functional Michael acceptor, and    (iii) at least one strong base catalyst.    
     
     
         15 . A polymeric foam comprising reaction products of a functional mixture comprising 
 (i) at least one multi-functional Michael donor,    (ii) at least one multi-functional Michael acceptor, and    (iii) at least one strong base catalyst.    
     
     
         16 . A functional mixture comprising 
 (i) at least one multi-functional Michael donor,    (ii) at least one multi-functional Michael acceptor, and    (iii) at least one strong base catalyst,    wherein said functional mixture gives values of 150 g or greater in a T-Peel test.    
     
     
         17 . A functional mixture comprising 
 (i) at least one multi-functional Michael donor,    (ii) at least one multi-functional Michael acceptor, and    (iii) at least one strong base catalyst,    wherein the reaction products of said functional mixture are suitable as a laminating adhesive and wherein the reaction products of said functional mixture have a Tg of −30° C. or higher.