Herbicidal compositions

Abstract

The present invention relates to a herbicidal composition comprising A) one or more compounds of the formula (I) where V is an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclyl radical or a radical —CR α ═CR β R β1 , where R α and R β are identical or different carbon-containing C 1 -C 40 radicals which together can form an unsubstituted or substituted ring, and R β1 is OH or a carbon-containing C 1 -C 40 radical, and Z is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl radical, and B) one or more surfactants comprising, as structural element, at least 10, alkylene oxide units.

1 . A herbicidal composition comprising 
 A) one or more compounds of the formula (I)                          where V is an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclyl radical or a radical —CR α ═CR β R β1 , where R α  and R β  are identical or different carbon-containing C 1 -C 40  radicals which together can form an unsubstituted or substituted ring, and R β1  is OH or a carbon-containing C 1 -C 40  radical, and Z is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl radical, and    
       B) one or more surfactants comprising, as structural element, at least 10, alkylene oxide units.  
     
     
         2 . A herbicidal composition as claimed in  claim 1  comprising, as component B), one or more surfactants of the general formula (II)  
         R γ -(EO) x (PO) y (EO) z -R δ   (II)  
       where 
 EO denotes an ethylene oxide unit,  
 PO denotes a propylene oxide unit,  
 x denotes an integer from 1 to 50,  
 y denotes an integer from 0 to 50,  
 z denotes an integer from 0 to 50,  
 where the total (x+y+z)≧10 and ≦150, and  
 R γ  denotes OH, an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 40 -hydrocarbonoxy radical, an O-acyl radical or NR I R II  or [NR I R II R III ] ⊕ X ⊖ , where R I , R II  and R III  are identical or different and denote H or an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 30 -hydrocarbon radical which can optionally be bound via a group (EO) w , where w is an integer from 1 to 50, X ⊖  is an anion, and  
 R δ  denotes H, an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 40 -hydrocarbon radical, an acyl radical or NR I R II  or [NR I R II R III ] ⊕ X ⊖ , where R I , R II  and R III  are identical or different and denote H or an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 30 -hydrocarbon radical which can optionally be bound via a group (EO) w , where w is an integer from 1 to 50, X ⊖  is an anion.  
 
     
     
         3 . A herbicidal composition as claimed in  claim 1 , comprising, as component A), a compound of the formula (I)  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       in which 
 V is a radical selected from the group (VI) to (V4),  
                     
 where the symbols and the indices have the following meanings:  
 R is hydrogen, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxycarbonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkoxycarbonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylthio, COOH or cyano;  
 R 1  is hydrogen or a (C 1 -C 10 )carbon-containing radical such as (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 10 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 10 )alkynyl, (C 3 -C 10 )cycloalkyl, (C 3 -C 10 )cycloalkenyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl-(C 3 -C 10 )cycloalkyl, (C 3 -C 10 )halocycloalkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylthio-cycloalkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkyl or (C 2 -C 10 )haloalkenyl;  
 R 2  is hydrogen, (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkyl, halogen, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkoxy, cyano or nitro;  
 R 3  is hydrogen or a (C 1 -C 10 )carbon-containing radical such as (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 10 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 10 )alkynyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylcarbonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkylsulfonyl, unsubstituted or substituted arylsulfonyl, unsubstituted or substituted arylcarbonyl-(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl;  
 R 4  is hydrogen or a (C 1 -C 10 )carbon-containing radical such as (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 10 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 10 )alkynyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl;  
 R 5  is a (C 1 -C 12 )carbon-containing radical such as (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )dialkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylthio, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, tetrahydropyran-4-yl, tetrahydro-pyran-3-yl, tetrahydrothiopyran-3-yl, 1-methylthio-cyclopropyl, 2-ethylthio propyl, or two radicals R 5  together are (C 2 -C 10 )alkylene;  
 R 6  is hydroxyl or a (C 1 -C 10 )carbon-containing radical such as (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkoxy, formyloxy, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylcarbonyloxy, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylsulfonyloxy, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylthio, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkylthio, unsubstituted or substituted arylthio, unsubstituted or substituted aryloxy, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylsulfinyl or (C 1 -C 10 )alkylsulfonyl;  
 R 7  is a (C 1 -C 7 )carbon-containing radical such as (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )haloalkyl, (C 3 -C 7 )cycloalkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-(C 3 -C 7 )cycloalkyl, (C 3 -C 7 )halocycloalkyl;  
 R 8  is a (C 1 -C 4 )carbon-containing radical such as cyano, (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxycarbonyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylcarbonyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkylthio, (C 1 -C 4 )alkylaminocarbonyl, (C 1 -C 4 )dialkylaminocarbonyl;  
 m is an integer from 0 to 6, where, if m≧2, the radicals R 5  can be identical or different from one another;  
 and Z is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl radical, preferably selected from the group (Z1) to (Z5),  
                     
 where the symbols and indices have the following meanings;  
 R 9  radicals are identical or different and are nitro, amino, halogen, OH, SF 5  or a (C 1 -C 10 )carbon-containing radical such as (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 10 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 10 )alkynyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkyl, (C 2 -C 10 )haloalkenyl, (C 2 -C 10 )haloalkynyl, (C 2 -C 10 )haloalkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkylthio, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxycarbonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylthio, arylsulfonyl, arylsulfinyl, arylthio, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylthio-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylcarbonyl, (C 1 -C 10 ) alkylaminosulfonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )dialkylaminosulfonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylcarbamoyl,(C 1 -C 10 )dialkylcarbamoyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkoxy(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, (C 3 -C 6 )cycloalkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, phenoxy, cyano, alkylamino, dialkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted benzyl, unsubstituted or substituted heteroaryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclyl, 2-tetrahydrofuranyl-(C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted heteroaryl-(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl or di-(C 1 -C 10 )alkylphosphono (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl;  
 q is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;  
 R 10  radicals are identical or different and are hydrogen, (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, halogen;  
 R 11  radicals are identical or different and are (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 10 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 10 ) alkynyl, halogen, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkyl, (C 2 -C 10 )haloalkenyl, (C 2 -C 10 )haloalkynyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkylthio, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxycarbonyl, (C 1 -C 10 ) alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 10 ) haloalkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylthio, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylcarbonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylaminosulfonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )dialkylaminosulfonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylcarbamoyl, (C 1 -C 10 )dialkylcarbamoyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxyalkyl, phenoxy, nitro, cyano, aryl or di-(C 1 -C 10 )alkylphosphono-(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl;  
 X 1  is O, CR 15 R 16 , CHOH, C═O, C═NO(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl;  
 X 2  is O, S, SO, SO 2 , CH 2 , NH, N(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, NSO 2 (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl;  
 R 15 ,R 16  radicals are identical or different and are hydrogen, (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 10 ) alkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylthio, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkylthio or R 15  and R 16  together form one of the groups —O—(CH 2 ) 2 —O—, —O—(CH 2 ) 3 —O—, S—(CH 2 ) 2 —S—, —S—(CH 2 ) 3 —S—, —(CH 2 ) 4 —, —(CH 2 ) 5 —;  
 r is 0, 1, 2 or 3;  
 t is 1 or 2;  
 Y 1 , Y 2  are SO 2  or CO, with the proviso that Y 1 ≠Y 2 ,  
 v is 1 or 2;  
 U 1  together with the carbon atoms to which it is linked forms a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring which can be aromatic or fully or partially saturated;  
 U 2  is O, S, SO, SO 2 , CH 2 , NH, N(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, NSO 2 (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl;  
 R 12  is hydrogen, (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 3 -C 10 )-cycloalkyl, (C 2 -C 10 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 10 )alkynyl, optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted benzyl, (C 1 -C 10 )-acyl;  
 R 13  is an unsubstituted or substituted (C 1 -C 10 )hydrocarbon radical such as (C 1 -C 10 ) alkyl or aryl;  
 u is 0, 1 or 2;  
 R 14  radicals are identical or different and are nitro, amino, halogen, SF 5  or a (C 1 -C 10 ) carbon-containing radical such as (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 10 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 10 ) alkynyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkyl, (C 2 -C 10 )haloalkenyl, (C 2 -C 10 )haloalkynyl, (C 1 -C 10 ) haloalkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkylthio, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxycarbonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylthio, arylsulfonyl, arylsulfinyl, arylthio, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )-alkylthio-(C 1 -C 10 ) -alkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylcarbonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylaminosulfonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )dialkylarinosulfonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylcarbamoyl, (C 1 -C 10 )dialkylcarbamoyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkoxy (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, phenoxy, cyano, alkylamino, dialkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted benzyl, unsubstituted or substituted heteroaryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclyl, unsubstituted or substituted heteroaryl-(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl or di-(C 1 -C 10 )alkylphosphono-(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, and  
 w is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.  
 
     
     
         4 . A herbicidal composition as claimed in  claim 1 , comprising, as component A), a compound of the formula (I) where 
 V is a radical (V1), (V3) or (V4),                          where the symbols and indices have the following meanings:    R is hydrogen or (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxycarbonyl;    R 1  is (C 3 -C 8 )cycloalkyl or (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl-(C 3 -C 8 )cycloalkyl    R 5  is (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy or two radicals R 5  together are (C 2 -C 6 )alkylene;    R 6  is hydroxyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy or phenylthio;    R 7  is (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl or (C 3 -C 7 )cycloalkyl,    R 8  is C 1 -C 4  (alkylcarbonyl), C 1 -C 4  alkoxycarbonyl or cyano;    m is 0, 1 or 2;    and Z is a radical (Z1),                          where the symbols and indices have the following meanings:    R 9  radicals are identical or different and are nitro, halogen, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, (C 3 -C 6 )cycloalkoxy (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy, 2-tetrahydrofuranyl-(C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, or heterocyclyl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by, for example, one or more radicals selected from the group halogen, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkoxy, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylthio, hydroxyl, amino, nitro, carboxyl, cyano, azido, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxycarbonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylcarbonyl, formyl, carbamoyl, mono- and di-(C 1 -C 10 )alkylaminocarbonyl, acylamino, mono- and di-(C 1 -C 10 )alkylamino, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkylsulfonyl or unsubstituted or substituted (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl such as (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxyalkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )haloalkoxyalkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkylthioalkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )hydroxyalkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )aminoalkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )nitroalkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )carboxyalkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )cyanoalkyl or (C 1 -C 10 )azidoalkyl,    q is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, preferably 2 or 3.    
     
     
         5 . A herbicidal composition as claimed in  claim 1  comprising, as component A), a compound of the formula (1) 
 where the symbols and indices have the following meanings:    V is the radical (V 2);    R 2  is hydrogen, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy;    R 3  is hydrogen or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylsulfonyl;    R 4  is methyl, ethyl or n-propyl;    Z is the radical (Z 1);    R9 radicals are identical or different and are nitro, halogen, (C 1 -C 4 )haloalkyl or (C 1 -C 4 )alkylsulfonyl;    q is 2 or 3.    
     
     
         6 . A herbicidal composition as claimed in  claim 1  comprising, as component A), a compound of the formula (1) where the symbols and indices have the following meanings: 
 V is a radical (V1) or (V3);    R is hydrogen, methoxycarbonyl or ethoxycarbonyl;    R 1  is cyclopropyl;    R 5  is methyl;    R 6  is hydroxyl;    m is 0, 1 or 2;    Z is the radical (Z 1);    R 9  radicals are identical or different and are nitro, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, (C 1 -C 4 )-haloalkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-haloalkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 ) -alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-haloalkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, 2-tetrahydrofuranyl methoxymethyl, (C 1 -C 2 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkoxy-(C 1 -C 2 )alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 2 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy or are 4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl which is substituted by a radical selected from the group consisting of cyanomethyl, ethoxymethyl and methoxymethyl,    q is 2 or 3.    
     
     
         7 . A herbicidal composition as claimed in  claim 1  comprising, as component A), a compound of the formula (I) where the symbols and indices have the following meanings: 
 V is the radical (V 2);    R 2  is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;    R 3  is hydrogen, methylsulfonyl or ethylsulfonyl;    R 4  is methyl, ethyl or n-propyl;    Z is the radical (Z 1);    R 9  radicals are identical or different and are methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-haloalkoxy or (C 1 -C 4 )haloalkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl;    q is 2 or 3.    
     
     
         8 . A herbicidal composition as claimed in claim  17 , additionally comprising one or more further components selected from the group containing agrochemical active ingredients, additives conventionally used in crop protection, and formulations relating thereto.  
     
     
         9 . A method of controlling harmful plants, wherein the herbicidal composition defined as in  claim 1  is applied to the plants, plant parts, seeds of the plants of the area under cultivation pre-emergency, post-emergency or pre- and post-emergence.  
     
     
         10 . The method as claimed in  claim 9  for the selective control of harmful plants in plant crops.  
     
     
         11 . (canceled)  
     
     
         12 . A process for the preparation of the herbicidal composition defined as in one or more of  claims 1  to  8 , wherein the compound(s) of the formula (I) is/are mixed with one or more surfactants B).  
     
     
         13 . The process as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein components A) and B) are mixed with water and/or an oil by the tank mix method.  
     
     
         14 . The herbicidal composition of  claim 3  wherein compound A is a compound of the formula  
         V-C(O)-Z  wherein V is selected from the group consisting of (V3) and (V4), and    wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of Z1, Z2, Z4, and Z5.    
     
     
         15 . A herbicidal composition comprising 
 A) one or more compounds of the formula (I)                        wherein V    is a radical selected from the group (V2) and (V3)                            R is hydrogen, methoxycarbonyl or ethoxycarbonyl;    R 2  is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;    R 3  is hydrogen, methylsulfonyl or ethylsulfonyl;    R 4  is methyl, ethyl or n-propyl;    R 5  is methyl;    R 6  is hydroxyl;    m is 0, 1 or 2;    z is the radical (Z1)                          R 9  is the case that V is V3, radicals are identical or different and are nitro, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, (C 1 -C 4 )-haloalkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-haloalkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-haloalkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, 2-tetrahydrofuranyl-methoxymethyl, (C 1 -C 2 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy -(C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 2 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy or are 4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl which is substituted by a radical selected from the group consisting of cyanomethyl, ethoxymethyl and methoxymethyl;    R 9  in the case that V is V2, radicals are identical or different and are methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 4 )haloalkoxy or (C 1 -C 4 )haloalkoxy-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl;    q is 2 or 3; and    B) one or more surfactants of the general formula (II)      R y -(EO) x  (PO) y (EO) z , R δ     where    EO denotes an ethylene oxide unit,    PO denotes a propylene oxide unit,    x denotes an integer from 10 to 50,    y denotes an integer from 0 to 50,    z denotes an integer from 0 to 50,    where the total (x+y+z)≧10 and ≦150, and    R γ  denotes OH, an unsubstituted or substituted (C 1 -C 40 )-hydrocarboxy radical, an O-acyl radical or NR I R II  or [NR I R II R III ] ⊕ X ⊖ , where R I , R II  and R III  are identical or different and denote H or an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 30 -hydrocarbon radical which can optionally be bound via a group (EO) w , where w is an integer from 1 to 50, X ⊖  is an anion, and    R δ  denotes H, an unsubstituted or substituted (C 1 -C 40 )-hydrocarbon radical, an acyl radical or NR I R II  or [NR I R II R III ] ⊕ X ⊖ , where R I , R II  and R III  are identical or different and denote H or an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 30 -hydrocarbon radical which can optionally be bound via a group (EO) w , where w is an integer from 1 to 50, X ⊖  is an anion.    
     
     
         16 . A herbicidal composition as claimed in  claim 15  comprising, as-component B), one or more surfactants of the general formula (II)  
         R γ -(EO) x (PO) y (EO) z -R δ   (II)  
       where 
 EO denotes an ethylene oxide unit,  
 PO denotes a propylene oxide unit,  
 x denotes an integer from 1 to 50,  
 y denotes an integer from 0 to 50  
 z denotes an integer from 0 to 50,  
 where the total (x+y+z)≧10 and ≦150, and  
 R γ  denotes OH, an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 40 -hydrocarbonoxy radical, an O-acyl radical or NR I R II  or [NR I R II R III ] ⊕ X ⊖ , where R I , R II  and R III  are identical or different and denote H or an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 30 -hydrocarbon radical which can optionally be bound via a group (EO) w , where w is an integer from 1 to 50, X ⊖  is an anion.  
 R δ  denotes H, an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 40 -hydrocarbonoxy radical, an acyl radical or NR I R II  or [NR I R II R III ] ⊕ X ⊖ , where R I , R II  and R III  are identical or different and denote H or an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 30 -hydrocarbon radical which can optionally be bound via a group (EO) w , where w is an integer from 1 to 50, X ⊖  is an anion.