US2005112018A1PendingUtilityA1
Ca-Mg-Ni containing alloys, method for preparing the same and use thereof for gas phase hydrogen storage
Assignee: HERA HYDROGEN STORAGE SYSTEMSPriority: Feb 27, 2002Filed: Aug 26, 2004Published: May 26, 2005
Est. expiryFeb 27, 2022(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Y02E60/50H01M 8/065C01B 3/0031C01B 3/0057H01M 8/04216Y02E60/32
45
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Claims
Abstract
Disclosed are new Ca, Mg and Ni-containing alloys of the general formula: (Ca c Mg d M e ) b (Ni 1-z T z ) a where: M is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Y, Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Th, Nd, Ti, V, Zr, Ta, Hf, Sr, Ba and Misch metals; T is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Zn, Cu, Fe, Co, Mn, Cr, Mo, W, Si, Ga, Ge, In, Sn, Ag, C and B; a is an integer equal to 2 or 5; z is a number ranging from 0 to 0.5; and when a is equal to 2, then 0.9≦b≦1.1; and when a is equal to 5, then either 1.75≦b≦2.25 or 0.75≦b≦1.31. These alloys which are of the AB 2 , A 2 B 5 or AB 5 types, may be single phase or multiphase and are useful for reversibly absorbing hydrogen from a gas phase. Also disclosed is a method for preparing the above alloys.
Claims
exact text as granted — not AI-modified1 . An alloy of the formula:
(Ca c Mg d M e ) b (Ni 1-z T z ) a
where:
M is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Y, Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Th, Nd, Ti, V, Zr, Ta, Hf, Sr, Ba and mischmetals;
T is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Zn, Cu, Fe, Co, Mn, Cr, Mo, W, Si, Ga, Ge, In, Sn, Ag, C and B;
a is an integer equal to 2 or 5;
z is a number ranging from 0 to 0.5, and
when a is equal to 2, then b, c, d, e are numbers selected so that:
0.9≦b≦1.1
c=0.4−x,
d=0.6−y, and
e=x+y, with
−0.5≦x<0.4
−0.4<y≦0.5 and
x+y>0;
when a is equal to 5, then b, c, d, e are numbers selected so that either
1.75≦b≦2.25
c=0.4−x,
d=0.6−y, and
e=x+y, with
−0.4≦x≦0.2,
−0.2≦y≦0.4, and
x+y≧0 or
0.75≦b≦1.31,
c=0.6−y,
d=x+y, and
e=0.4−x, with
−0.6<x<0.4,
−0.4<y<0.6, and
0<x+y≦0.5.
2 . An alloy as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said alloy is of the formula:
(Ca 0.4-x Mg 0.6-y M x+y ) b (Ni 1-z T z ) 2
where M and T are defined as in claim 1 and
0.9≦b≦1.1,
−0.5≦x<0.4,
−0.4<y≦0.5,
x+y>0, and
0≦z≦0.5.
3 . An alloy as claimed in claim 2 , wherein:
−0.1≦x≦0.25 and −0.1≦y≦0.15.
4 . An alloy as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said alloy is of the formula:
(Ca 0.4-x Mg 0.6-y M x+y ) b (Ni 1-z T z ) 5
where M and T are defined as claimed in claim 1 and
1.75≦b≦2.25,
−0.4≦x≦0.2,
−0.2≦y≦0.4,
x+y≧0, and
0≦z≦0.5.
5 . An alloy as claimed in claim 4 , wherein:
−0.1≦x≦0.1, and −0.1≦y≦0.2.
6 . An alloy as claimed in claim 4 , wherein Mg and Ca are present in a Mg/Ca ratio ranging between 0.5 and 2.
7 . An alloy as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the Mg/Ca ratio is ranging between 1.5 and 1.75.
8 . An alloy as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said alloy is of the formula:
(Ca 0.6-y Mg x+y M 0.4-x ) b (Ni 1-z T z ) 5
where M and T are defined as in claim 1 and
0.75≦b≦1.31,
−0.6<x<0.4,
−0.4<y<0.6,
0<x+y≦0.5, and
0≦z≦0.5.
9 . An alloy as claimed in claim 8 , wherein:
−0.2≦x≦0.2, −0.2≦y≦0.2, and 0.1≦x+y≦0.4.
10 . An alloy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein said alloy is a single phase alloy.
11 . An alloy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein said alloy is a multiphase alloy.
12 . A method for preparing an alloy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 , comprising the step of:
milling a mixture of elemental powders and/or pre-alloyed combination of elemental powders of Ca, Mg, M, Ni and T, and annealing and/or sintering the milled mixture at a temperature higher than 600° C.
13 . Use of an alloy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 for reversibly absorbing hydrogen from a gas phase.
14 . A composition of the formula:
(Ca 0.4-x Mg 0.6-y M x+y ) b (Ni 1-z T z ) 5
where
M is a mischmetal;
T is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ga, and Ge;
1.75≦b≦2.25,
−0.4≦x≦0.2,
−0.2≦y≦0.4,
x+y≧0, and
0<z≦0.5.
15 . An alloy as claimed in claim 14 , wherein:
−0.1≦x≦0.1, and −0.1≦y≦0.2.
16 . An alloy as claimed in claim 14 or 15 , wherein Mg and Ca are present in a Mg/Ca ratio ranging between 0.5 and 2.
17 . An alloy as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the Mg/Ca ratio is ranging between 1.5 and 1.75.
18 . The composition as claimed in claim 14 , wherein z is greater than 0.0625.
19 . The composition as claimed in claims 14 or 18 , wherein (x+y) is greater than 0.
20 . The composition as claimed in claim 18 , wherein T is Si.
21 . The composition as claimed in claim 18 , wherein T is Ge.
22 . The composition as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the change in the maximum storage capacity after 400 hydrogen absorption/desorption cycles is less than 5%.
23 . The composition as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the change in the reversible storage capacity after 400 hydrogen absorption/desorption cycles is less than 10%.
24 . The composition as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the change in average particle size after 400 hydrogen absorption/desorption cycles is less than 10%.
25 . A hydride of an alloy of the formula:
(Ca 0.4-x Mg 0.6-y M x+y ) b (Ni 1-z T z ) 5
where
M is a mischmetal;
T is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ga, and Ge;
1.75≦b≦2.25,
−0.4≦x≦0.2,
−0.2≦y≦0.4,
x+y≧0, and
0<z≦0.5.
26 . An alloy as claimed in claim 25 , wherein:
−0.1≦x≦0.1, and −0.1≦y≦0.2.
27 . An alloy as claimed in claim 25 or 26 , wherein Mg and Ca are present in a Mg/Ca ratio ranging between 0.5 and 2.
28 . An alloy as claimed in claim 27 , wherein the Mg/Ca ratio is ranging between 1.5 and 1.75.
29 . The hydride as claimed in claim 25 , wherein z is greater than 0.0625.
30 . The hydride as claimed in claims 25 or 29 , wherein (x+y) is greater than 0.
31 . The hydride as claimed in claim 29 , wherein T is Si.
32 . The hydride as claimed in claim 29 , wherein T is Ge.
33 . A process of hydrogenating and dehydrogenating a composition of the formula:
(Ca 0.4-x Mg 0.6-y M x+y ) b (Ni 1-z T z ) 5
where
M is a mischmetal;
T is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ga, and Ge;
1.75≦b≦2.25,
−0.4≦x≦0.2,
−0.2≦y≦0.4,
x+y≧0, and
0<z≦0.5,
comprising the steps of:
effecting absorption of hydrogen by the composition; and
effecting desorption of hydrogen by the composition;
wherein the absorption and desorption steps are carried out in any order.
34 . An alloy as claimed in claim 33 , wherein:
−0.1≦x≦0.1, and −0.1≦y≦0.2.
35 . An alloy as claimed in claim 33 or 34 , wherein Mg and Ca are present in a Mg/Ca ratio ranging between 0.5 and 2.
36 . An alloy as claimed in claim 35 , wherein the Mg/Ca ratio is ranging between 1.5 and 1.75.
37 . The process as claimed in claim 33 , wherein z of the composition is greater than 0.0625.
38 . The process as claimed in claims 33 or 37 , wherein (x+y) of the composition is greater than 0.
39 . The process as claimed in claim 37 , wherein T of the composition is Si.
40 . The process as claimed in claim 37 , wherein T of the composition is Ge.
41 . The process as claimed in claim 33 , wherein the change in the maximum storage capacity of the composition after 400 hydrogen absorption/desorption cycles is less than 5%.
42 . The process as claimed in claim 33 , wherein the change in the reversible storage capacity of the composition after 400 hydrogen absorption/desorption cycles is less than 10%.
43 . The process as claimed in claim 33 , wherein the change in average particle size of the composition after 400 hydrogen absorption/desorption cycles is less than 10%.
44 . An alloy of the formula
(Ca 0.6-y Mg x+y M 0.4-x ) b (Ni 1-z T z ) 5
where
M is a mischmetal;
T is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge and Ga;
0.75≦b≦1.31,
−0.6<x<0.4,
0.4<y<0.6,
0<x+y≦0.5, and
0≦z≦0.5.
45 . An alloy of the formula:
(Ca 0.4-x Mg 0.6-y M x+y ) b (Ni 1-z T z ) 5 M is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Y, Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Th, Nd, Ti, V, Zr, Ta, Hf, Sr, Ba and mischmetals; T is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Zn, Cu, Fe, Co, Mn, Cr, Mo, W, Si, Ga, Ge, In, Sn, Ag, C and B; 1.75≦b≦2.25, −0.4≦x≦0.2, −0.2≦y≦0.4, x+y≧0, and 0<z≦0.5.
46 . The alloy as claimed in claim 45 , wherein:
−0.1≦x≦0.1, and −0.1≦y≦0.2.
47 . The alloy as claimed in claim 45 , wherein:
x+y=0; and z=0.
48 . The alloy as claimed in claim 45 , wherein M is at least one mischmetal and z=0.
49 . The alloy as claimed in claim 48 , wherein:
0.0625≦x+y≦0.625.
50 . The alloy as claimed in claim 45 , wherein x+y=0 and T is at least one of Cu and Al.
51 . The alloy as claimed in claim 49 or 50 , wherein Mg and Ca are present in a Mg/Ca ratio ranging between 0.5 and 2.
52 . The alloy as claimed in claim 51 , wherein the Mg/Ca ratio is ranging between 1.5 and 1.75.Join the waitlist — get patent alerts
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