Vehicle comprising a battery drive and a method for operating a vehicle of this type

Abstract

Electrically driven passenger transport vehicles are supplied with energy by an external electric supply network. If the external energy supply fails, vehicles of this type require special auxiliary devices that do not rely on the supply network, for example rely on auxiliary vehicles, in order to move said vehicles again. A vehicle can move independently during a failure of the external energy supply, by switching the electric drive of said vehicle to a battery drive.

1 . A vehicle having an electric drive, the drive is supplied by an external electric supply , and the drive is operable by at least one battery located at the vehicle and having a rated voltage different than the voltage of the external electric supply system; the electric drive is configured to operate with the voltage of the external electric supply system and can be supplied by and is configured to operate the battery when the external electric supply system is disconnected or fails, and a control unit for actuating the electric drive and the control unit takes into account the changed electrical relationships of the electric drive caused by a changed supply voltage in the battery operating mode.  
   
   
       2 . The vehicle as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the vehicle has an on-board supply system and the battery is operable for supplying the on-board supply system of the vehicle in a normal operating mode of the electric drive during the drive being supplied by an external electric supply system.  
   
   
       3 . The vehicle as claimed in  claim 1  further comprising at least one circuit breaker connected to the electric drive. to the external electric supply system and to the battery and the circuit breaker is operable so that the electric drive can be disconnected from the external electric supply system and connected to the battery, and vice versa.  
   
   
       4 . The vehicle as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the electric drive comprises a power unit, and an electric motor ( 9 ), connected to the power unit.  
   
   
       5 . The vehicle as claimed in  claim 4 , wherein the control unit is operable to compensate fault in the magnetization of the electric motor of the electric drive.  
   
   
       6 . The vehicle as claimed in  claim 1 , further comprising a battery management unit connected with the battery and operable for optimizing the use of stored power which is available in the battery.  
   
   
       7 . The vehicle as claimed in  claim 6 , further comprising a power limiting device in the battery management unit.  
   
   
       8 . The vehicle as claimed in  claim 6 , further comprising a setpoint torque limiting device in the battery management unit.  
   
   
       9 . A method for operating a vehicle having an electric drive operable by an external electric supply system and the electric drive is configured with respect to the voltage of the external electric supply system, the method comprising switching the electric drive over to a battery operating mode when the external electric supply system is disconnected or fails, while adjusting the electric drive to take into account the changed electrical relationships of the electric drive which are brought about by the changed supply voltage in the battery operating mode to actuate the electric drive.  
   
   
       10 . The method as claimed in  claim 9 , further comprising supplying an on-board supply system of the vehicle by the battery in the normal operating mode.  
   
   
       11 . The method as claimed in  claim 9 , further comprising compensating the fault in the magnetization of the electric motor of the electric drive.  
   
   
       12 . The method as claimed in  claim 9  further comprising optimizing use of stored power available in the battery.  
   
   
       13 . The method as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the power which is extracted from the battery is limited and use of the limited power is optimized.  
   
   
       14 . The method as claimed in  claim 12 , further comprising limiting a setpoint torque of the electric motor of the electric drive.  
   
   
       15 . (canceled)  
   
   
       16 . A method for retrofitting a vehicle having an electric drive which is supplied by an external electric supply system, the method comprising: 
 connecting a circuit breaker located on the vehicle to at least one electric battery and, to a power unit of the electric drive and    replacing or updating a control unit for actuating the power unit , of the electric drive.    
   
   
       17 . The method as claimed in  claim 16 , further comprising installing a battery management unit which optimizes the use of the battery.  
   
   
       18 . A vehicle as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the electric drive is operable by a 600V supply system and the battery has a 24V rated voltage.  
   
   
       19 . A vehicle as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the supply of the battery is at maximum 25% of the external supply system voltage.  
   
   
       20 . A vehicle as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the supply of the battery is less than 10% of the external supply system voltage.  
   
   
       21 . The vehicle as claimed in  claim 4 , wherein the power unit comprises a power inverter and the electric motor is an asynchronous motor.  
   
   
       22 . The vehicle as claimed in  claim 7 , further comprising a setpoint torque limiting device in the battery management unit.  
   
   
       23 . A method as claimed in  claim 9 , wherein the supply voltage of the battery is selected with a maximum 25% of the external supply system voltage.  
   
   
       24 . A method as claimed in  claim 9 , wherein the supply voltage of the battery is selected with less than 10% of the external supply system voltage.  
   
   
       25 . A method as claimed in  claim 10 , wherein the on-board supply system is the electronic control system of the vehicle.  
   
   
       26 . A method as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the use of the stored power available to the battery is optimized with respect to power utilization by the electric drive.  
   
   
       27 . A method as claimed in  claim 16 , wherein the power unit comprises a power inverter.