Herbal extracts of salicornia species, process of preparation thereof, use thereof against tuberculosis

Abstract

The present invention relates to novel extracts of Salicornia species. The present invention particularly relates to novel extracts of Salicornia species which show anti-tubercular activity. The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of novel extracts of Salicornia species with anti-tubercular activity and also to the use thereof for the treatment of tuberculosis.

1 . A bioactive fraction from extracts of  Salicornia  species.  
     
     
         2 . A fraction as claimed in  claim 1  wherein the  Salicornia  species comprises of  Salicornia brachiata.    
     
     
         3 . A fraction as claimed in  claim 2  wherein the  Salicornia brachiata  is a fully matured plant.  
     
     
         4 . A fraction as claimed in  claim 1  wherein the extract comprises extracts from  Salicornia  plant part selected from the group consisting of whole plant without root, roots, spikes, husk and seeds.  
     
     
         5 . A fraction as claimed in  claim 1  wherein the extract comprises an aqueous plant extract with 100% water.  
     
     
         6 . A fraction as claimed in  claim 1  wherein the extract comprises an alcohol extract.  
     
     
         7 . A fraction as claimed in  claim 1  wherein the alcohol is selected from methanol and butanol.  
     
     
         8 . A fraction as claimed in  claim 1  wherein the bioactive fraction is obtained from an extract of  Salicornia brachiata  in methanol: water in a range of 95:5 to 1:1.  
     
     
         9 . A fraction as claimed in  claim 1  wherein the bioactive fraction is obtained from an extract in methanol:chloroform of 1:1.  
     
     
         10 . A fraction as claimed in  claim 5  wherein the plant part is the root.  
     
     
         11 . A fraction as claimed in  claim 1  wherein the bioactive fraction from extract is selected from the group consisting of neat butanol extract, methanol:chloroform (1:1) extract, neat methanol extract, methanol:water (1:1) extract, pure water extract.  
     
     
         12 . A fraction as claimed in  claim 11  wherein the yields of the bioactive fraction comprises 10%, 13%, 51%, 10% and 9% respectively.  
     
     
         13 . A process for the preparation of a bioactive fraction from extracts of halophytic plant of  Salicornia  species useful as anti tubercular agent which comprises 
 (a) collection of the halophytic plant at fully maturity stage    (b) washing the plant with tap water followed by deionised water    (c) removing extraneous matter, separation and processing of the plant to obtain plant parts    (d) drying, chopping and pulverizing the plant parts to a mesh size ranging from 16-20    (e) soaking the dried, chopped and pulverized plant parts in a solvent and extracting all soluble matter to obtain an extract,    (f) concentrating the extract    (g) freeze drying the concentrated extract to get a solid residue    (h) fractionating the solid residue to obtain a bioactive fraction.    
     
     
         14 . A process as claimed in  claim 13  wherein the  Salicornia  species comprises of  Salicornia brachiata.    
     
     
         15 . A process as claimed in  claim 14  wherein the  Salicornia brachiata  is a fully matured plant.  
     
     
         16 . A process as claimed in  claim 13  wherein the extract comprises extracts from parts of  Salicornia  plant selected from the group consisting of whole plant without root, roots, spikes, husk and seed.  
     
     
         17 . A process as claimed in  claim 13  wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of 100% water, alcohol and alcohol-water mixtures.  
     
     
         18 . A process as claimed in  claim 17  wherein the alcohol is selected from methanol and butanol.  
     
     
         19 . A process as claimed in  claim 13  wherein the solvent comprises 100% deionized water.  
     
     
         20 . A process as claimed in  claim 17  wherein the alcohol-water mixture comprises methanol: water in a range of 95:5 to 1:1.  
     
     
         21 . A process as claimed in  claim 13  wherein the bioactive fraction from extract is selected from the group consisting of neat butanol extract, methanol:chloroform (1:1) extract, neat methanol extract, methanol:water (1:1) extract, pure water extract, chloroform extract or a mixture thereof.  
     
     
         22 . A process as claimed in  claim 21  wherein the yields of the bioactive fraction comprises 10%, 13%, 51%, 10% and 9% respectively.  
     
     
         23 . A process as claimed in  claim 13  wherein the plant part is the root.  
     
     
         24 . A process as claimed in  claim 21  wherein the water fraction is obtained at a temperature in the range of 80-90° C.  
     
     
         25 . A process as claimed in  claim 13  wherein the fractionation is carried out at ambient temperature.  
     
     
         26 . A process as claimed in  claim 13  wherein the plant material is washed and dried at a temperature in the range of 20 to 35° C. till the moisture content is in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 percent.  
     
     
         27 . A process as claimed in  claim 13  wherein the pulverized material is soaked in deionised water and heated on water bath in the temperature range 80 to 90° C. for a period of 72-120 hours.  
     
     
         28 . A process as claimed in  claim 13  wherein the extract solution is concentrated at a temperature range of 45 to 55° C. or at ambient temperature through aqueous herbal concentrator.  
     
     
         29 . A process as claimed in  claim 13  wherein the concentrated extract is freeze dried in the temperature range of-50 to 60° C. for a period of 8 to 16 hours.  
     
     
         30 . A process as claimed in  claim 13  wherein the extract is fractionated in solvent mixtures having different polarity.  
     
     
         31 . Use of a bioactive fraction obtained from an extract of  Salicornia  species as an antitubercular agent.  
     
     
         32 . Use as claimed in  claim 31 , wherein the  Salicornia  species comprises of  Salicornia brachiata.    
     
     
         33 . Use as claimed in  claim 32 , wherein the  Salicornia brachiata  is a fully matured plant.  
     
     
         34 . Use as claimed in  claim 31 , wherein the extract comprises extracts from parts of  Salicornia  plant selected from the group consisting of whole plant without root, roots, spikes, husk and seeds.  
     
     
         35 . Use as claimed in  claim 31 , wherein the extract comprises an aqueous plant extract with 100% deionized water.  
     
     
         36 . Use as claimed in  claim 31 , wherein the extract comprises an alcohol extract.  
     
     
         37 . Use as claimed in  claim 36 , wherein the alcohol is selected from methanol and butanol.  
     
     
         38 . Use as claimed in  claim 31 , wherein the bioactive fraction is obtained from an extract of  Salicornia brachiata  in methanol: water in a range of 95:5 to 1:1.  
     
     
         39 . Use as claimed in  claim 31 , wherein the bioactive fraction is obtained from an extract in methanol:chloroform of 1:1.  
     
     
         40 . Use as claimed in  claim 31 , wherein the plant part is the root.  
     
     
         41 . Use as claimed in  claim 31 , wherein the bioactive fraction from extract is selected from the group consisting of neat butanol extract, methanol:chloroform (1:1) extract, neat methanol extract, methanol:water (1:1) extract, pure water extract.  
     
     
         42 . Use as claimed in  claim 41 , wherein the yields of the bioactive fraction comprises 10%, 13%, 51%, 10%/and 9% respectively.  
     
     
         43 . Use as claimed in  claim 31 , wherein the bioactive fraction is used in an amount of 6.25 to 80 μg/ml for antitubercular activity.  
     
     
         44 . A method for the treatment of tuberculosis comprising administering to a subject suffering therefrom a pharmaceutically effective amount of an antitubercular fraction obtained from  Salicornia  species.  
     
     
         45 . A method as claimed in  claim 44  wherein the method comprises administering either bioactive fraction or the crude extract of  Salicornia  species to the subject.  
     
     
         46 . A method as claimed in  claim 44  wherein the  Salicornia  species comprises of  Salicornia brachiata.    
     
     
         47 . A method as claimed in  claim 46  wherein the  Salicornia brachiata  is a fully matured plant.  
     
     
         48 . A method as claimed in  claim 44  wherein the extract comprises extracts from parts of  Salicornia  plant selected from the group consisting of whole plant without root, roots, spikes, husk and seeds.  
     
     
         49 . A method as claimed in  claim 44  wherein the extract comprises an aqueous plant extract with 100% water.  
     
     
         50 . A method as claimed in  claim 44  wherein the extract comprises an alcohol extract.  
     
     
         51 . A method as claimed in  claim 50  wherein the alcohol is selected from methanol and butanol.  
     
     
         52 . A method as claimed in  claim 44  wherein the bioactive fraction is obtained from an extract of  Salicornia brachiata  in methanol: water in a range of 95:5 to 1:1.  
     
     
         53 . A method as claimed in  claim 44  wherein the bioactive fraction is obtained from an extract in methanol:chloroform of 1:1.  
     
     
         54 . A method as claimed in  claim 44  wherein the plant part is the root.  
     
     
         55 . A method as claimed in  claim 44  wherein the bioactive fraction from crude extract is selected from the group consisting of neat butanol extract, methanol:chloroform (1:1) extract, neat methanol extract, methanol:water (1:1) extract, pure water extract.  
     
     
         56 . A method as claimed in  claim 55  wherein the yields of the bioactive fraction comprises 10%, 13%, 51%, 10% and 9% respectively.  
     
     
         57 . A method as claimed in  claim 44  wherein the bioactive fraction is used in an amount of 20 to 80 μg/ml.  
     
     
         58 . A method as claimed in  claim 44  wherein the aqueous extract of  Salicornia brachiata  root part shows MIC of 50 μg/ml against  Mycobacterium tuberculosis , H37Rv.  
     
     
         59 . A method as claimed in  claim 44  wherein one or more fractions of  Salicornia  species are administered to the subject and show activity against  Mycobacterium tuberculosis  H37Rv and show MIC of 25 μg/ml.  
     
     
         60 . A method as claimed in  claim 44  wherein the butanol fraction, methanol:chloroform (1:1) fraction and the methanol fraction show up to 75% inhibition in growth of  Mycobacterium tuberculosis  H37Rv at a dose of 6.25 μg/ml.  
     
     
         61 . A method as claimed in  claim 44  wherein the fraction is administered in a form selected from tablets, lozenges, capsules, powder, solution, intravenously and orally.  
     
     
         62 . A composition containing a bioactive fraction isolated from extracts of  Salicornia  species, mixed with pharmaceutically acceptable additives.  
     
     
         63 . A composition as claimed in  claim 62  wherein the  Salicornia  species comprises of  Salicornia brachiata.    
     
     
         64 . A composition as claimed in  claim 63  wherein the  Salicornia brachiata  is a fully matured plant.  
     
     
         65 . A composition as claimed in  claim 62  wherein the extract comprises extracts from  Salicornia  plant part selected from the group consisting of whole plant without root, roots, spikes, husk and seeds.  
     
     
         66 . A composition as claimed in  claim 62  wherein the extract composes an aqueous plant extract with 100% water.  
     
     
         67 . A composition as claimed in  claim 62  wherein the extract comprises an alcohol extract.  
     
     
         68 . A composition as claimed in  claim 67  wherein the alcohol is selected from methanol and butanol.  
     
     
         69 . A composition as claimed in  claim 62  wherein the bioactive fraction is obtained from an extract of  Salicornia brachiata  in methanol: water in a range of 95:5 to 1:1.  
     
     
         70 . A composition as claimed in  claim 62  wherein the bioactive fraction is obtained from an extract in methanol:chloroform of 1:1.  
     
     
         71 . A composition as claimed in  claim 70  wherein the plant part is the root.  
     
     
         72 . A composition as claimed in  claim 62  wherein the bioactive fraction from extract is selected from the group consisting of neat butanol extract, methanol:chloroform (1:1) extract, neat methanol extract, methanol:water (1:1) extract, pure water extract.  
     
     
         73 . A composition as claimed in  claim 62  wherein the composition is in a form selected from the group consisting of a tablet, lozenge, solution, capsules, powder and solution.