Azabicyclic-substituted fused heteroaryl compounds for the treatment of disease

Abstract

The invention provides compounds of Formula I: wherein Azabicyclo is These compounds may be in the form of pharmaceutical salts or compositions, racemic mixtures, or pure enantiomers thereof. The compounds of Formula I are useful in pharmaceuticals in which α7 is known to be involved.

1 . A compound of the Formula I:  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
       wherein Azabicyclo is  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
        provided that the bond between the —C(═X)— group and the W group may be attached at any available carbon atom within the W group as provided in R 3 , R 6 , and R 15 ;  
       X is O, or S;  
       R 0  is H, lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, or halogenated lower alkyl;  
       Each R 1  is H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, halogenated alkyl, substituted phenyl, or substituted naphthyl;  
       Each R 2  is alkyl, halogenated alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, F, Cl, Br, I, or R 2  is absent provided that k 2 , k 5 , or k 6  is 0;  
       R 2-3  is H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, halogenated alkyl, F, Cl, Br, or I;  
       k 2  is 0 or 1;  
       k 5  and k 6  are independently 0, 1, or 2;  
       A---A′---A″ is N(R 4 )—C(R 3 )═C(R 3 ), N═C(R 3 )—C(R 15 ) 2 , C(R 3 )═C(R 3 )—N(R 4 ), C(R 3 ) 2 —N (R 4 )—C(R 3 ) 2 , C(R 15 ) 2 —C(R 3 )═N, N(R 4 )—C(R 3 ) 2 —C(R 3 ) 2 , C(R 3 ) 2 —C(R 3 ) 2 —N(R 4 ), O—C(R 3 )═C(R 3 ), O—C(R 3 ) 2 —C(R 3 ) 2 , C(R 3 ) 2 —O—C(R 3 ) 2 , C(R 3 )═C(R 3 )—O, C(R 3 ) 2 —C(R 3 ) 2 —O, S—C(R 3 )═C(R 3 ), S—C(R 3 ) 2 —C(R 3 ) 2 , C(R 3 ) 2 —S—C(R 3 ) 2 , C(R 3 )═C(R 3 )—S, or C(R 3 ) 2 —C(R 3 ) 2 —S;  
       Each R 3  is independently a bond to the core molecule provided that only one R 3  and no R 6  or R 15  is also said bond, H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, halogenated alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, halogenated alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, halogenated alkynyl, —CN, —NO 2 , F, Br, Cl, I, —OR 19 , —C(O)N(R 10 ) 2 , —N(R 10 ) 2 , —SR 19 , —S(O) 2 R 19 , —C(O)R 19 , —CO 2 R 19 , aryl, R 7 , or R 9 ;  
       J, L, M, and Q are N or C(R 6 ) provided that only one of J, L, M, or Q, is N and the others are C(R 6 ), further provided that when the core molecule is attached to the pyridinyl moiety at M, Q is C(H), and further provided that there is only one attachment to the core molecule;  
       G and Y are C(R 6 ), provided that when the molecule is attached to the phenyl moiety at Y, G is CH;  
       R 4  is H, alkyl, halogenated alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, halogenated cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, halogenated heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, R 7 , or R 9 ;  
       Each R 5  is independently H, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl;  
       Each R 6  is independently H, F, Br, I, Cl, —CN, —CF 3 , —OR 5 , —SR 5 , —N(R 5 ) 2 , or a bond to the core molecule provided that only one R 6  and no R 3  or R 15  is said bond;  
       V is selected from O, S, or N(R 4 );  
       R 7  is 5-membered heteroaromatic mono-cyclic moieties containing within the ring. 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of ═N—, —N(R 17 )—, —O—, and —S—, and having 0-1 substituent selected from R 18  and further having 0-3 substituents independently selected from F, Cl, Br, or I, or R 7  is 9-membered fused-ring moieties having a 6-membered ring fused to a 5-membered ring including the formula  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
        wherein G 1  is O, S or NR 17 ,  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
        wherein G is C(R 16 ) or N, and each G 2  and G 3  are independently selected from C(R 16 ) 2 , C(R 16 ), O, S, N, and N(R 18 ), provided that both G 2  and G 3  are not simultaneously O, simultaneously S, or simultaneously O and S, or  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
        wherein G is C(R 16 ) or N, and each G 2  and G 3  are independently selected from C(R 16 ) 2 , C(R 16 ), O, S, N, and N(R 17 ), each 9-membered fused-ring moiety having 0-1 substituent selected from R 18  and further having 0-3 substituent(s) independently selected from F, Cl, Br, or I, wherein the R 7  moiety attaches to other substituents as defined in formula I at any position on either ring as valency allows;  
       Each R 8  is independently H, alkyl, halogenated alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, halogenated cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, halogenated heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, R 7 , R 9 , phenyl, or substituted phenyl;  
       R 9  is 6-membered heteroaromatic mono-cyclic moieties containing within the ring 1-3 heteroatoms selected from ═N— and having 0-1 substituent selected from R 18  and 0-3 substituent(s) independently selected from F, Cl, Br, or I, or R 9  is 10-membered heteroaromatic bi-cyclic moieties containing within one or both rings 1-3 heteroatoms selected from ═N—, including, but not limited to, quinolinyl or isoquinolinyl, each 10-membered fused-ring moiety having 0-1 substituent selected from R 18  and 0-3 substituent(s) independently selected from F, Cl, Br, or I, and having a bond directly or indirectly attached to the core molecule where valency allows;  
       Each R 10  is independently H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, alkyl substituted with 1 substituent selected from R 13 , cycloalkyl substituted with 1 substituent selected from R 13 , heterocycloalkyl substituted with 1 substituent selected from R 13 , halogenated alkyl, halogenated cycloalkyl, halogenated heterocycloalkyl, phenyl, or substituted phenyl;  
       Each R 11  is independently H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated cycloalkyl, or halogenated heterocycloalkyl;  
       R 12  is —NO 2 , —CN, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated cycloalkyl, halogenated heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, —OR 11 , —SR 11 , —N R 11 R 11 , —C(O)R 11 , —C(O)NR 11 R 11 , —NR 11 C(O)R 11 , —S(O) 2 NR 11 R 11 , or —NR 11 S(O) 2 R 11 ;  
       R 13  is —CN, —CF 3 , —NO 2 , —OR 11 , —SR 11 , —NR 11 R 11 , —C(O)R 11 , —C(O)NR 11 R 11 , —NR 11 C(O)R 11 , —S(O) 2 NR 11 R 11 , or —NR 11 S(O) 2 R 11 ;  
       Each R 14  is H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, halogenated alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, halogenated alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, halogenated alkynyl, F, Br, Cl, I, —CN, —NO 2 , —OR 19 , —C(O)N(R 10 ) 2 , —N(R 10 ) 2 , —SR 19 , —S(O) 2 R 19 , —C(O)R 19  , —CO 2 R 19 , aryl, R 7  or R 9 ;  
       Each R 15  is independently alkyl, substituted alkyl, halogenated alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, halogenated alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, halogenated alkynyl, F, Br, Cl, I, —CN, —NO 2, —OR 19 , —C(O)N(R 10 ) 2 , —N(R 10 ) 2 , —SR 19 , —CO 2 R 19 , aryl, R 7 , R 9 , or a bond to the core molecule provided that only one R 15  and no R 6  or R 3  is said bond;  
       Each R 16  is independently H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated cycloalkyl, halogenated heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, F, Cl, Br, I, —NO 2 , —CN, —OR 11 , —SR 11 , —NR 11 R 11 , —C(O)R 11 , —C(O)NR 11 R 11 , —NR 11 C(O)R 11 , —S(O) 2 NR 11 R 11 , —NR 11 S(O) 2 R 11 , or a bond directly or indirectly attached to the core molecule, provided that there is only one said bond to the core molecule within the 9-membered fused-ring moiety, further provided that the fused-ring moiety has 0-1 substituent selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated cycloalkyl, halogenated heterocycloalkyl, substituted alkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, —OR 11 , —SR 11 , —NR 11 R 11 , —C(O)R 11 , —NO 2 , —C(O)NR 11 R 11 , —CN, —NR 11 C(O)R 11 , —S(O) 2 NR 11 R 11 , or —NR 11 S(O) 2 R 11 , and further provided that the fused-ring moiety has 0-3 substituent(s) selected from F, Cl, Br, or I;  
       R 17  is H, alkyl, halogenated alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, halogenated cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, phenyl, —SO 2 R 8 , or phenyl having 1 substituent selected from R 18  and further having 0-3 substituents independently selected from F, Cl, Br, or I;  
       R 18  is alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated cycloalkyl, halogenated heterocycloalkyl, —OR 11 , —SR 11 , —NR 11 R 11 , —C(O)R 11 , —C(O)NR 11 R 11 , —CN, —NR 11 C(O)R 11 , —S(O) 2 NR 11 R 11 , —NR 11 S(O) 2 R 11 , —NO 2 , alkyl substituted with 1-4 substituent(s) independently selected from F, Cl, Br, I, or R 13 , cycloalkyl substituted with 1-4 substituent(s) independently selected from F, Cl, Br, I, or R 13 , or heterocycloalkyl substituted with 1-4 substituent(s) independently selected from F, Cl, Br, I, or R 13 ;  
       R 19 is H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted alkyl, halogenated alkyl, substituted phenyl, or substituted naphthyl;  
       or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, racemic mixture, and pure enantiomer thereof.  
     
   
   
       2 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein X is O.  
   
   
       3 . The compound of  claim 2 , wherein R, is H, alkyl, or cycloalkyl.  
   
   
       4 . The compound of  claim 3 , wherein W is (a).  
   
   
       5 . The compound of  claim 4 , wherein (a) is thieno[2,3-b]pyridin-2-yl, thieno[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl, thieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl, thieno[3,2-b]pyridin-2-yl, thieno[3,2-b]pyridin-5-yl, thieno[3,2-b]pyridin-6-yl, thieno[2,3-c]pyridin-2-yl, thieno[2,3-c]pyridin-5-yl, thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-2-yl, thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-6-yl, furo[3,2-c]pyridin-2-yl, furo[3,2-c]pyridin-6-yl, furo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-yl, furo[2,3-c]pyridin-2-yl, furo[2,3-c]pyridin-5-yl, 2,3-dihydrofuro[2,3-c]pyridin-5-yl, or 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-5-yl, 
 optionally substituted on up to 4 different carbon atoms as valency allows and as allowed by the definition of W with F, Br, Cl, I, —CN, —NO 2 , —CF 3 , —OR 5 , —OR 19 , —SR 5 , —SR 19 , —N(R 5 ) 2 , —N(R 10 ) 2 , —C(O)R 19 , —CO 2 R 19 , —C(O)N(R 10 ) 2 , —S(O) 2 R 19 , alkyl, substituted alkyl, halogenated alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, halogenated alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, halogenated alkynyl, aryl, R 7 , R 9 ,    and further optionally substituted on a nitrogen as allowed by the definition of W with alkyl, halogenated alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, halogenated cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, halogenated heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, R 7 , or R 9 ,    provided that one carbon is used to bond W to the core molecule.    
   
   
       6 . The compound of  claim 5 , wherein the optional substituents are selected from F, Br, Cl, I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OR 5 , —SR 5 , —N(R 5 ) 2 , —C(O)R 5 , —CO 2 R 5 , —C(O)N(R 10 ) 2 , —S(O) 2 R 5 , lower alkyl, lower substituted alkyl, or lower alkynyl, 
 where R 10  is H, lower halogenated alkyl, or lower alkyl optionally substituted with —CN, —CF 3 , —NO 2 , —OR 11 , —SR 11 , —NR 11 R 11 , —C(O)R 11 , —C(O)NR 11 R 11 , —NR 11 C(O)R 11 , —S(O) 2 NR 11 R 11 , or —NR 11 S(O) 2 R 11 , wherein R 11  is H, lower alkyl, lower halogenated alkyl, or lower substituted alkyl.    
   
   
       7 - 13 . (canceled)  
   
   
       14 . The compound of  claim 6 , wherein Azabicyclo is I , III, or IV.  
   
   
       15 . The compound of  claim 14 , wherein Azabicyclo is I and wherein R 2  is alkyl, halogenated alkyl, or substituted alkyl, or wherein Azabicyclo is III or IV and wherein R 2-3  is H, alkyl, or substituted alkyl.  
   
   
       16 . The compound of  claim 15 , wherein the compound is 
 N-(1-(6-methyl )-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-2,3-dihydrofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-2,3-dihydrofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-2,3-dihydrofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl )-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl )-7-chlorofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-7-chlorofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-7-chlorofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl )-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-2-methylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-2-methylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-2-methylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-3-methylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-methylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-methylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-3-ethylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-ethylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-ethylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl )-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-furo[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-furo[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-furo[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-3-isopropylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-isopropylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-isopropylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-7-(methylsulfanyl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-7-(methylsulfanyl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-7-(methylsulfanyl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl )-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl )-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl )-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-3-bromofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-bromofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-bromofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl )-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-3-chlorofuro[2, 3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-chlorofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-chlorofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound is the pure enantiomer or a racemic mixture thereof.    
   
   
       17 . The compound of  claim 16 , wherein the compound is 
 N-(1-(6-methyl )-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl )-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-2,3-dihydrofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-2-methylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-2-methylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-2-methylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-3-methylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-methylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-methylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-3-ethylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-ethylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-ethylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl )-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(1-(6-methyl )-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound is the pure enantiomer or a racemic mixture thereof.    
   
   
       18 . The compound according to  claim 15 , wherein the compound is 
 N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-2-ethynylfuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-2-prop-1-ynylfuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-2-cyanofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-2-fluorofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-2-chlorofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-2-bromofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-2-iodofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-2-trifluoromethylfuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    2-(acetylamino)-N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-2-[dimethylamino]furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-6-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]furo[3,2-c]pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide;    2-acetyl-N-[1-(6-methyl )-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    methyl 6-{[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylamino]carbonyl}furo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-3-vinylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-3-ethynylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-3-prop-1-ynylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-3-cyanofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-3-fluorofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-3-iodofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-3-trifluoromethylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    3-(acetylamino)-N-[1-(6-methyl )-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl )furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-3-[dimethylamino]furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-5-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]furo[2,3-c]pyridine-3,5-dicarboxamide;    N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-3-formylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    3-acetyl-N-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    methyl 5-{[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-ylamino]carbonyl}furo[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylate;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-2-ethynylfuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-2-prop-1-ynylfuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-2-cyanofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-2-fluorofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-2-chlorofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-2-bromofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-2-iodofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-2-trifluoromethylfuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    2-(acetylamino)-N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-2-[dimethylamino]furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-6-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]furo[3,2-c]pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide;    2-acetyl-N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    methyl 6-[(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ylamino)carbonyl]furo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-vinylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-ethynylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-prop-1-ynylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-cyanofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-fluorofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-iodofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-trifluoromethylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    3-(acetylamino)-N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1] hept-5-yl)-3-[dimethylamino]furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-5-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]furo[2,3-c]pyridine-3,5-dicarboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1] hept-5-yl)-3-formylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    3-acetyl-N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    methyl 5-[(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ylamino)carbonyl]furo[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylate;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-2-ethynylfuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-2-prop-1-ynylfuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-2-cyanofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl )-2-fluorofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-2-chlorofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-2-bromofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-2-iodofuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-2-trifluoromethylfuro[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    2-(acetylamino)-N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-2-[dimethylamino]furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-6-[l -(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]furo[3,2-c]pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide;    2-acetyl-N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)furo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    methyl 6-[2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-ylamino)carbonyl]furo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-vinylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-ethynylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-prop-1-ynylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-cyanofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-fluorofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-iodofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-trifluoromethylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    3-(acetylamino)-N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-[dimethylamino]furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    N-5-[1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]furo[2,3-c]pyridine-3,5-dicarboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-3-formylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    3-acetyl-N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide;    methyl 5-[2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-ylamino)carbonyl]furo[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylate;    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound is the pure enantiomer or a racemic mixture thereof.    
   
   
       19 . The compound of  claim 3 , wherein W is (b).  
   
   
       20 . The compound of  claim 19 , wherein (b) is thieno[3,4-c]pyridin-6-yl, optionally substituted on up to 4 different carbon atoms as valency allows and as allowed by the definition of W with F, Br, Cl, I, —CN, —NO 2 , —CF 3 , —OR 5 , —OR 19 , —SR 5 , —SR 19 , —N(R 5 ) 2 , —N(R 10 ) 2 , —C(O)R 19 , —CO 2 R 19 , —C(O)N(R 10 ) 2 , —S(O) 2 R 19 , alkyl, substituted alkyl, halogenated alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, halogenated alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, halogenated alkynyl, aryl, R 7 , R 9 , 
 and further optionally substituted on a nitrogen as allowed by the definition of W with alkyl, halogenated alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, halogenated cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, halogenated heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, R 7 , or R 9 ,    provided that one carbon is used to bond W to the core molecule.    
   
   
       21 - 25 . (canceled)  
   
   
       26 . The compound of  claim 20 , wherein Azabicyclo is I, III, or IV.  
   
   
       27 . The compound of  claim 26 , wherein Azabicyclo is I and wherein R 2  is alkyl, halogenated alkyl, or substituted alkyl, or wherein Azabicyclo is III or IV and wherein R 2-3  is H, alkyl, or substituted alkyl.  
   
   
       28 . The compound of  claim 27 , wherein the compound is 
 N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)thieno[3,4-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)thieno[3,4-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)thieno[3,4-c]pyridine-6-carboxamide;    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound is the pure enantiomer or a racemic mixture thereof.    
   
   
       29 . The compound of  claim 3 , wherein W is (c).  
   
   
       30 . The compound of  claim 29 , wherein (c) is benzothieno[3,2-c]pyridine-3-yl, benzothieno[2,3-c]pyridin-3-yl, benzofuro[3,2-c]pyridin-3-yl, or benzofuro[2,3-c]pyridin-3-yl, 
 optionally substituted on up to 4 different carbon atoms as valency allows and as allowed by the definition of W with F, Br, Cl, I, —CN, —NO 2 , —CF 3 , —OR 5 , —OR 19 , —SR 5 , —SR 19 , —N(R 5 ) 2 , —N(R 10 ) 2 , —C(O)R 19 , —CO 2 R 19 , —C(O)N(R 10 ) 2 , —S(O) 2 R 19 , alkyl, substituted alkyl, halogenated alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, halogenated alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, halogenated alkynyl, aryl, R 7 , R 9 ,    and further optionally substituted on a nitrogen as allowed by the definition of W with alkyl, halogenated alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, halogenated cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, halogenated heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, R 7 , or R 9 ,    provided that one carbon is used to bond W to the core molecule.    
   
   
       31 - 35 . (canceled)  
   
   
       36 . The compound of  claim 30 , wherein Azabicyclo is I, III, or IV.  
   
   
       37 . The compound of  claim 36 , wherein Azabicyclo is I and wherein R 2  is alkyl, halogenated alkyl, or substituted alkyl, or wherein Azabicyclo is III or IV, and wherein R 2-3  is H, alkyl, or substituted alkyl.  
   
   
       38 . The compound of  claim 37 , wherein the compound is 
 N-(1-(6-methyl)-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-benzothieno[3,2-c]pyridine-3-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl)-benzothieno[3,2-c]pyridine-3-carboxamide;    N-(2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-6-yl)-benzothieno[3,2-c]pyridine-3-carboxamide;    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound is the pure enantiomer or a racemic mixture thereof.    
   
   
       39 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to  claim 1 , an anti-psychotic agent, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.  
   
   
       40 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 39 , wherein said compound and said agent are to be independently administered rectally, topically, orally, sublingually, or parenterally for a therapeutically effective interval.  
   
   
       41 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 39 , wherein said compound is administered in an amount of from about 0.001 to about 100 mg/kg of body weight of said mammal per day.  
   
   
       42 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 39 , wherein said compound is administered in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 50 mg/kg of body weight of said mammal per day.  
   
   
       43 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 39 , comprising a compound according to  claim 1  and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.  
   
   
       44 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 43 , wherein said compound is administered rectally, topically, orally, sublingually, or parenterally for a therapeutically effective interval.  
   
   
       45 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 43 , wherein said compound is administered in an amount of from about 0.001 to about 100 mg/kg of body weight of said mammal per day.  
   
   
       46 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 43 , wherein said compound is administered in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 50 mg/kg of body weight of said mammal per day.  
   
   
       47 . A method for treating a disease or condition in a mammal in need thereof, wherein the mammal would receive symptomatic relief from the administration of an α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist comprising administering to the mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to  claim 1 .  
   
   
       48 . The method according to  claim 47 , wherein the disease or condition is cognitive and attention deficit symptoms of Alzheimer's, neurodegeneration associated with diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, pre-senile dementia (mild cognitive impairment), or senile dementia.  
   
   
       49 . The method according to  claim 47 , wherein the disease or condition is schizophrenia or psychosis.  
   
   
       50 . The method of  claim 49 , wherein the mammal would receive symptomatic relief from the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist and an anti-psychotic agent for a therapeutically effective interval.  
   
   
       51 . The method according to  claim 47 , wherein the disease or condition is depression, or anxiety and general anxiety disorders and post traumatic stress disorder.  
   
   
       52 . The method according to  claim 47 , wherein the disease or condition is attention deficit disorder, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.  
   
   
       53 . The method according to  claim 47 , wherein the disease or condition is mood and affective disorders, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, borderline personality disorder, traumatic brain injury, behavioral and cognitive problems in general and associated with brain tumors, AIDS dementia complex, dementia associated with Down's syndrome, dementia associated with Lewy Bodies, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, tardive dyskinesia, Pick's disease, dysregulation of food intake including bulemia and anorexia nervosa, withdrawal symptoms associated with smoking cessation and dependant drug cessation, Gilles de la Tourette's Syndrome, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, neurodegeneration associated with glaucoma, or symptoms associated with pain.