Antiviral activity from medicinal mushrooms

Abstract

Compounds having unique antiviral properties are prepared from medicinal mushroom mycelium, extracts and derivatives. The compositions are derived from Fomitopsis, Piptoporus, Ganoderma resinaceum and blends of medicinal mushroom species and are useful in preventing and treating viruses including Pox and HIV viruses.

1 . A method for preventing, treating, ameliorating, mitigating, alleviating or reducing infection from an  Orthopox  virus comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a medicinal mushroom derivative wherein the medicinal mushroom is a  Fomitopsis  and the medicinal mushroom derivative is selected from the group consisting of live mycelium, dried live mycelium, freeze dried mycelium, extracts of live mycelium, dried extracts of live mycelium and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       2 . The method of  claim 1  wherein the  Orthopox  virus is selected from the group consisting of smallpox, monkeypox, camelpox, cowpox, pseudocowpox,  Molluscum contagiosum  and Orf virus.  
   
   
       3 . The method of  claim 1  wherein the  Fomitopsis  is  Fomitopsis officinalis.    
   
   
       4 . The method of  claim 1  wherein the  Fomitopsis  is  Fomitopsis pinicola.    
   
   
       5 . The method of  claim 1  wherein the Fomitopsis is selected from the group consisting of  F. africana, F. albomarginata  var.  pallida, F. albomarginata  var.  polita, F. albomarginata  var.  subvillosa, F. anhuiensis, F. annosa f. multistriata, F. annosa  var.  indica, F. arbitraria, F. avellanea, F. bucholtzii, F. cajanderi, F. caliginosa, F. castanea, F. cinerea, F. concava, F. connata, F. corrugata, F. cuneata, F. cupreorosea, F. cystina, F. cytisina, F. dochmia, F. durescens, F. epileucina, F. euosma, F. feei, F. fulviseda, F. hainaniana, F. iberica, F. ibericus, F. kiyosumiensis, F. komatsuzakii, F. labyrinthica, F. latissima, F. lignea, F. lilacinogilva, F. maackiae, F. maire, F. marginata, F. mellea, F. minutispora, F. nigrescens, F. nivosa, F. odoratissima, F. officinalis  (= Laricifomes officinalis ),  F. olivacea, F. palustris, F. pinicola, F. pinicola f. effusa, F. pinicolaf paludosa, F. pinicolaf resupinata, F. pseudopetchiin, F. pubertatis, F. quadrans, F. rhodophaea, F. rosea, F. roseozonata, F. rubidus, F. rufolaccata, F. rufopallida, F. sanmingensis, F. scalaris, F. semilaccata, F. sensitiva, F. spraguei, F. stellae, F. subrosea, F. subungulata, F. sulcata, F. sulcata, F. supina, F. unita, F. unita  var.  lateritia, F. unita  var.  multistratosa, F. unita  var.  prunicola, F. vinosa, F. uiddringtoniae, F. zonalis  and  F. zuluensis    
   
   
       6 . The method of  claim 1  wherein the live mycelium is grown on a grain.  
   
   
       7 . The method of  claim 1  wherein the medicinal mushroom derivative is administered in a form selected from the group consisting of orally-active powders, pills, capsules, teas, extracts, dried extracts, sublinguals, sprays, dispersions, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, foams, syrups, lotions, ointments, gels, pastes, dermal patches, injectables, vaginal creams and suppositories.  
   
   
       8 . The method of  claim 1  wherein the extracts are extracted with ethanol and water.  
   
   
       9 . The method of  claim 1  wherein the extracts are extracted with a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, steam, alcohols, organic solvents, carbon dioxide and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       10 . The method of  claim 9  wherein the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of alcohols containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, unsubstituted organic solvents containing from 1 to 16 carbon atoms, ketones containing from 3 to 13 carbon atoms, ethers containing from 2 to 15 carbon atoms, esters containing from 2 to 18 carbon atoms, nitrites containing from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, amides containing from 1 to 15 carbon atoms, amines and nitrogen-containing heterocycles containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, halogen substituted organic solvents containing from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, acids containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and alkoxy, aryloxy, cyloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl substituted organic solvents containing from 3 to 13 carbon atoms, DMSO and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       11 . The method of  claim 1  wherein the medicinal mushroom derivative additionally comprises a derivative selected from the group consisting of  Piptoporus betulinus  derivatives and  Ganoderma resinaceum  derivatives.  
   
   
       12 . The method of  claim 1  wherein the marketing of the medicinal mushroom derivative is improved by the claims herein.  
   
   
       13 . A method for providing defense from a viral infection wherein a Fomitopsis composition is administered in an amount sufficient to have an effect selected from the group consisting of preventing, reducing, mitigating, treating, alleviating preventing, treating, alleviating, mitigating, ameliorating or reducing infection and mitigating the viral infection and wherein the viral infection is an  Orthopox  virus.  
   
   
       14 . The method of  claim 13  wherein the  Orthopox  virus is selected from the group consisting of smallpox, monkeypox, camelpox, cowpox, pseudocowpox,  Molluscum contagiosum  and Orf virus.  
   
   
       15 . The method of  claim 13  wherein the  Fomitopsis  is selected from the group consisting of  F. africana, F. albomarginata  var.  pallida, F. albomarginata  var.  polita, F. albomarginata  var.  subvillosa, F. anhuiensis, F. annosa f. multistriata, F. annosa  var.  indica, F. arbitraria, F. avellanea, F. bucholtzii, F. cajanderi, F. caliginosa, F. castanea, F. cinerea, F. concava, F. connata, F. corrugata, F. cuneata, F. cupreorosea, F. cystina, F. cytisina, F. dochmia, F. durescens, F. epileucina, F. euosma, F. feei, F. fulviseda, F. hainaniana, F. iberica, F. ibericus, F. kiyosumiensis, F. komatsuzakii, F. labyrinthica, F. latissima, F. lignea, F. lilacinogilva, F. maackiae, F. maire, F. marginata, F. mellea, F. minutispora, F. nigrescens, F. nivosa, F. odoratissima, F. officinalis  (= Laricifomes officinalis ),  F. olivacea, F. palustris, F. pinicola, F. pinicola f. effusa, F. pinicola f paludosa, F. pinicola f resupinata, F. pseudopetchiin, F. pubertatis, F. quadrans, F. rhodophaea, F. rosea, F. roseozonata, F. rubidus, F. rufolaccata, F. rufopallida, F. sanmingensis, F. scalaris, F. semilaccata, F. sensitiva, F. spraguei, F. stellae, F. subrosea, F. subungulata, F. sulcata, F. sulcata, F. supina, F. unita, F. unita  var.  lateritia, F. unita  var.  multistratosa, F. unita  var.  prunicola, F. vinosa, F. widdringtoniae, F. zonalis  and  F. zuluensis    
   
   
       16 . The method of  claim 13  wherein the live mycelium is grown on a grain.  
   
   
       17 . The method of  claim 13  wherein the medicinal mushroom derivative is administered in a form selected from the group consisting of orally-active powders, pills, capsules, teas, extracts, dried extracts, sublinguals, sprays, dispersions, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, foams, syrups, lotions, ointments, gels, pastes, dermal patches, injectables, vaginal creams and suppositories.  
   
   
       18 . The method of  claim 13  wherein the extracts are extracted with ethanol and water.  
   
   
       19 . The method of  claim 13  wherein the extracts are extracted with a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, steam, alcohols, organic solvents, carbon dioxide and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       20 . The method of  claim 1  wherein the medicinal mushroom derivative additionally comprises a derivative selected from the group consisting of  Piptoporus betulinus  derivatives and  Ganoderma resinaceum  derivatives.