Apparatus for reforming rod-shaped and/or tubular, electrically conductive materials

Abstract

An apparatus for reforming rod-shaped and/or tubular, electrically conductive and/or magnetizable materials, in particular for drawing or extruding: the apparatus has an inductor of an electric linear motor, by means of which a traveling electromagnetic field can be produced; the inductor includes coils which are arranged axially next to one another; the coils form a channel; the apparatus includes one or more means for conducting a magnetic flux which are arranged in the channel such that they can be removed.

1 . An apparatus for reforming rod-shaped and/or tubular, electrically conductive and/or magnetizable materials, for drawing or extruding: 
 the apparatus has an inductor of an electric linear motor, by means of which a traveling electromagnetic field can be produced;    the inductor comprises coils which are arranged axially next to one another;    the coils form a channel;    the apparatus further comprises one or more means for conducting a magnetic flux which are arranged in the channel such that they can be removed.    
   
   
       2 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein a first conducting means is a tube.  
   
   
       3 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein the tube has first sections made of a magnetizable material and second sections made of a non-magnetizable or only weakly magnetizable material.  
   
   
       4 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein the first and second sections are in the form of sleeves.  
   
   
       5 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein the first and second sections are arranged coaxially next to one another.  
   
   
       6 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein the material of the first sections is or contains a soft-magnetic metal or iron.  
   
   
       7 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein the material of the second section is a plastic.  
   
   
       8 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein the tube has an outer diameter which is the same size as or slightly smaller than a diameter of the channel.  
   
   
       9 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein the tube has an inner diameter which is slightly larger than the material to be reformed.  
   
   
       10 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the inductor comprises disks ( 6 ), which are arranged between the coils coaxially with respect to the coils and which form, with the coils, the channel.  
   
   
       11 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 10 , wherein a first conducting means with a tube, wherein the tube has first sections and second sections, the second sections of the tube have a width which corresponds to the width of the coils or is smaller than this width.  
   
   
       12 . The apparatus as claimed  claim 1 , wherein a second conducting means is a cylinder.  
   
   
       13 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the cylinder is arranged in the channel coaxially with respect to the coils.  
   
   
       14 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 13 , wherein the apparatus has, between the cylinder and an inner wall face of the channel or of the tube, a gap for inserting and passing through the material to be reformed.  
   
   
       15 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the cylinder is a hollow cylinder.  
   
   
       16 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the cylinder is produced from a material which comprises a soft-magnetic metal, or iron.  
   
   
       17 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the cylinder is a powder metal, is a powder-sintered metal or is laminated from layers or provided with longitudinal slots.  
   
   
       18 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the inductor is used in the channel to produce a traveling field with a magnetic flux density having a gradient in the axial direction of the channel which has an amplitude of greater than B=1 T.  
   
   
       19 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein, when using the coils, electrical current densities of greater than J=10 A/mm 2  can be produced.  
   
   
       20 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein at least some of the coils have conductors which have a resistivity of ρ=0.017×10 −6  Ωm or less.  
   
   
       21 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein at least some of the coils have conductors which are superconductive.  
   
   
       22 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 21 , wherein the superconductive conductors are made of a material which has a critical temperature of greater than T=77 K.  
   
   
       23 . The apparatus as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the cylinder is retained by means of mechanical and/or electromagnetic retaining means.