Diesel motor fuel additive composition

Abstract

Disclosed is a diesel fuel additive composition which accelerates combustion phenomenon, reduces ignition delay, and improves Cetane number, thereby lowering particulate emissions, and improving fuel economy in diesel engines.

1 . A diesel fuel additive composition which accelerates combustion phenomenon, reduces ignition delay, improves Cetane number, and reduces particulate emissions while retaining or improving diesel engine performance comprising a mixture of: (a) from about 10 to about 90 weight percent, based upon the total weight of the additive, of a detergent component selected from the group consisting of; (i) a reaction product of: (A) a substituted hydrocarbon of the formula  
       R 1 —X  (I)  
     wherein R 1  is a hydrocarbyl radical having a molecular weight in the range of about 150 to about 10,000, and X is selected from the group consisting of halogens, succinic anhydride and succinic dibasic acid, and (B) an amino compound of the formula  
       H—(NH-(A) m ) n —Y—R 2   (II)  
     wherein Y is O or NR 5 , R 5  being H or a hydrocarbyl radical having 1-30 carbon atoms; A is a straight chain or branched chain alkylene radical having 1-30 carbon atoms; m has a value in the range of 1-15; n has a value in the range of 0-6; and R 2  is selected from the group consisting of H, a hydrocarbyl radical having a molecular weight in the range of about 15 to about 10,000, and a homopolymeric or heteropolymeric polyoxyalkylene radical of the formula  
       R 3 -((Q) a (T) b (Z) c ) d —  (III)  
     wherein R 3  is H or a hydrocarbyl radical having 1-30 carbon atoms, Q, T, and Z are polyoxyalkylene moieties having 1-6 carbon atoms, a, b and c each have values ranging from 0-30, and d has a value in the range of 1-50, and (ii) a polybutylamine or polyisobutylamine of the formula  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     where R 11  is a polybutyl or polyisobutyl radical derived from isobutene and up to 20% by weight of n-butene and R 12  and R 13  are identical or different and are each hydrogen, an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon, a primary or secondary, aromatic or aliphatic aminoalkylene radical or polyaminoalkylene radical, a polyoxyalkylene radical or a heteroaryl or heterocyclyl radical, or, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, form a ring in which further hetero atoms may be present; and (b) a fuel conditioner component comprising: (i) from about 10 to about 70 weight percent, based upon the total weight of the additive, of a polar oxygenated hydrocarbon having an average molecular weight in the range of about 200 to about 500, an acid number in the range of about 25 to about 175, and a saponification number in the range of about 30 to about 250, and (ii) from about 10 to about 70 weight percent, based upon the total of the additive, of an oxygenated compatibilizing agent preferably having a solubility parameter in the range of about 7.0 to about 14.0 and moderate to strong hydrogencapacity.  
   
   
       2 . The diesel fuel additive composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said amino compound of the formula  
       H—(NH-(A) m ) n —Y—R 2   (II)  
     (i) being made from I and II, II preferably comprising Y═NR 5  and R 5 =U H where U is a polysubstituted, linear or branched, moiety with 1 to 10 carbon units and this resulting compound V further comprises at least one linear or branched carboxylic monoacid or anhydride compound. The compounds I, II and V are necessarily reacted in proportion other than 1:1:1.  
   
   
       3 . The diesel fuel additive composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said additive composition is added to the base fuel simultaneously with any other additives.  
   
   
       4 . The diesel fuel additive composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said additive composition is added to the base fuel after any other additives have been added.  
   
   
       5 . The diesel fuel additive composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said additive composition is added to the base fuel before any other additives are added.  
   
   
       6 . The diesel fuel additive composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said additive composition is added to the base fuel in an amount of from about 50 ppm to about 2,000 ppm.  
   
   
       7 . The diesel fuel additive composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said additive composition is added to the base fuel containing a detergent in an amount of from about 100 ppm to about 1,500 ppm.