Extrusion or pultrusion of a polymer undergoing polymerization

Abstract

A polymerizing fluid polymer (thermoplastic, elastomer, thermoset polymer, thermoplastic elastomer, thermoplastic vulcanizate) with an optional filler (such as magnetizable ferrite powder or carbon nanotubes) is extruded or pultruded into shaped polymer (optionally multilayer shaped polymer) so that all portions of the shaped polymer conform within a desired state of polymerization (in a multilayer coating, that the quality-related performance characteristics of shaped polymer are consistent within any coating layer). At least one (tear-drop shaped) flow diverter is described for diverting flow within an extrusion (pultrusion) die so that fluid polymer moving through a short residence time portion of the die will have a more substantial residence time (than would be the case if the diverter were not used) with commensurately greater thermal, pressure, and shear stress history so that the desired conformance respective to polymerization states for all portions in the shaped polymer is achieved.

1 . A die for forming a polymerizing fluid polymer into a conduit of shaped polymer, comprising: 
 (a) a die housing having an inner surface defining an internal cavity, an entrance port for fluid communication of said fluid polymer into said internal cavity, and an exit aperture for forming said fluid polymer into said shaped polymer and for discharging said shaped polymer from said die, said exit aperture in fluid communication with said internal cavity and having a center-point;    (b) a mandrel disposed within said internal cavity to define a generally annular cavity between said inner surface and said mandrel, said mandrel having an axis of elongation and an end positioned to interact with said exit aperture in said forming so that a channel is established in said conduit; and    (c) at least one flow diverter disposed within said annular cavity;    wherein said shaped polymer has a plurality of portions with each portion of said plurality of portions positioned at a unique angular location in polar relation to said center-point, wherein, in operation, said polymerizing fluid polymer is in a first state of polymerization when fluidly communicated through said entrance port into said internal cavity, and said shaped polymer in each said portion is in an independent second state of polymerization when discharged from said exit aperture; and    wherein each said flow diverter is shaped and positioned to provide that all said portions have second states of polymerization that are mutually conformant within a predefined threshold of deviation.    
     
     
         2 . A die according to  claim 1  wherein at least one said flow diverter has a tear-drop perimeter shape relative to a perpendicular perspective to a general thickness plane of said diverter, said diverter having one angular location on said perimeter and a symmetrical axis extending through said diverter from said angular location, said symmetrical axis in parallel with said axis of elongation for said mandrel, and said angular location positioned as the initial contact point of said diverter to flow of said fluid polymer within said annular cavity.  
     
     
         3 . A die according to  claim 2  wherein said tear-drop perimeter shape is substantially according to  FIG. 5 .  
     
     
         4 . A die according to  claim 2  wherein said flow diverter is attached to said mandrel.  
     
     
         5 . A die according to  claim 3  wherein said flow diverter is attached to said mandrel.  
     
     
         6 . A die according to  claim 1  wherein said fluid polymer is a fluid polymer selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermoplastic vulcanizate, a thermoplastic, a thermoset polymer, an elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         7 . A die according to  claim 1  wherein said mandrel has a conduit channel in parallel with said axis of elongation, and said fluid polymer is disposed upon a pipe progressing through said mandrel, through said end of said mandrel, and through said exit aperture.  
     
     
         8 . A die according to  claim 7  wherein said pipe is any of a plastic pipe, plastic bar, plastic filament, metal pipe, metal bar, metal filament, ceramic pipe, ceramic bar, and ceramic filament.  
     
     
         9 . A die according to  claim 6  wherein said fluid polymer further comprises admixed filler of the group of fillers consisting of magnetizable ferrite powder, metal fiber, carbon nanotubes, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         10 . A die according to  claim 6  wherein said fluid polymer is selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of silicone-thermoplastic vulcanizate, nitrile butyl rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, curable ethylene acrylic rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, acrylic acid ester rubber/polyacrylate rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, thermoplastic polyester elastomer polyether-block co-polyamide resins, fluoroelastomer, thermoplastic polyurethane, acrylic acid ester rubber/polyacrylate rubber curable elastomer, ethylene acrylic rubber curable elastomer, nitrile butyl rubber curable elastomer, hydrogenated nitrile butyl rubber curable elastomer, silicone curable elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         11 . A die according to  claim 7  wherein said shaped polymer is a coating on said pipe.  
     
     
         12 . A die according to  claim 7  wherein at least one said flow diverter has a tear-drop perimeter shape relative to a perpendicular perspective to a general thickness plane of said diverter, said diverter having one angular location on said perimeter and a symmetrical axis extending through said diverter from said angular location, said symmetrical axis in parallel with said axis of elongation for said mandrel, and said angular location positioned as the initial contact point of said diverter to flow of said fluid polymer within said annular cavity.  
     
     
         13 . A die according to  claim 12  wherein said tear-drop perimeter shape is substantially according to  FIG. 5   
     
     
         14 . A die according to  claim 12  wherein said flow diverter is attached to said mandrel.  
     
     
         15 . A die according to  claim 13  wherein said flow diverter is attached to said mandrel.  
     
     
         16 . A die according to  claim 7  wherein said fluid polymer is a fluid polymer selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermoplastic vulcanizate, a thermoplastic, a thermoset polymer, an elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         17 . A die according to  claim 7  wherein said fluid polymer is selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of silicone-thermoplastic vulcanizate, nitrile butyl rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, curable ethylene acrylic rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, acrylic acid ester rubber/polyacrylate rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, thermoplastic polyester elastomer polyether-block co-polyamide resins, fluoroelastomer, thermoplastic polyurethane, acrylic acid ester rubber/polyacrylate rubber curable elastomer, ethylene acrylic rubber curable elastomer, nitrile butyl rubber curable elastomer, hydrogenated nitrile butyl rubber curable elastomer, silicone curable elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         18 . A die according to  claim 8  wherein at least one said flow diverter has a tear-drop perimeter shape relative to a perpendicular perspective to a general thickness plane of said diverter, said diverter having one angular location on said perimeter and a symmetrical axis extending through said diverter from said angular location, said symmetrical axis in parallel with said axis of elongation for said mandrel, and said angular location positioned as the initial contact point of said diverter to flow of said fluid polymer within said annular cavity.  
     
     
         19 . A die according to  claim 18  wherein said tear-drop perimeter shape is substantially according to  FIG. 5 .  
     
     
         20 . A die according to  claim 18  wherein said flow diverter is attached to said mandrel.  
     
     
         21 . A die according to  claim 19  wherein said flow diverter is attached to said mandrel.  
     
     
         22 . A die according to  claim 8  wherein said fluid polymer is a fluid polymer selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermoplastic vulcanizate, a thermoplastic, a thermoset polymer, an elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         23 . A die according to  claim 8  wherein said shaped polymer is a coating on said pipe.  
     
     
         24 . A die according to  claim 9  wherein at least one said flow diverter has a tear-drop perimeter shape relative to a perpendicular perspective to a general thickness plane of said diverter, said diverter having one angular location on said perimeter and a symmetrical axis extending through said diverter from said angular location, said symmetrical axis in parallel with said axis of elongation for said mandrel, and said angular location positioned as the initial contact point of said diverter to flow of said fluid polymer within said annular cavity.  
     
     
         25 . A die according to  claim 24  wherein said tear-drop perimeter shape is substantially according to  FIG. 5 .  
     
     
         26 . A die according to  claim 24  wherein said flow diverter is attached to said mandrel.  
     
     
         27 . A die according to  claim 25  wherein said flow diverter is attached to said mandrel.  
     
     
         28 . A die according to  claim 9  wherein said fluid polymer is a fluid polymer selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermoplastic vulcanizate, a thermoplastic, a thermoset polymer, an elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         29 . A die according to  claim 9  wherein said shaped polymer is a coating on said pipe.  
     
     
         30 . A method for forming a polymerizing fluid polymer into a conduit of shaped polymer, comprising extruding said fluid polymer through a die forming said fluid polymer into said shaped polymer and discharging said shaped polymer from said die through an exit aperture having a center-point, said shaped polymer having a plurality of portions with each portion of said plurality of portions positioned at a unique angular location in polar relation to said center-point, wherein, in operation, said polymerizing fluid polymer is in a first state of polymerization when fluidly communicated into said die, and said shaped polymer in each said portion is in an independent second state of polymerization when discharged from said exit aperture, and all said portions have second states of polymerization that are mutually conformant within a predefined threshold of deviation.  
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 30  wherein said extruding further comprises diverting flow of said fluid polymer within said die so that, in operation, all said portions are shaped from fluid polymer having an essentially similar residence time within said die.  
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 31  wherein said diverting uses at least one flow diverter in said die, at least one said flow diverter having a tear-drop perimeter shape relative to a perpendicular perspective to a general thickness plane of said diverter, said diverter having one angular location on said perimeter and a symmetrical axis extending through said diverter from said angular location, said symmetrical axis in parallel with an axis of elongation for a mandrel of said die, said mandrel disposed within an internal cavity of said die to define a generally annular cavity between an inner surface of said die and said mandrel, said mandrel having an axis of elongation and an end positioned to interact with an exit aperture used in said forming of said extruding so that a channel is established in said conduit, said angular location positioned as the initial contact point of said diverter to flow of said fluid polymer within said annular cavity.  
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 30  wherein said tear-drop perimeter shape is substantially according to  FIG. 5   
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 30  wherein said fluid polymer is a fluid polymer selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermoplastic vulcanizate, a thermoplastic, a thermoset polymer, an elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 30  wherein said fluid polymer is selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of silicone-thermoplastic vulcanizate, nitrile butyl rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, curable ethylene acrylic rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, acrylic acid ester rubber/polyacrylate rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, thermoplastic polyester elastomer polyether-block co-polyamide resins, fluoroelastomer, thermoplastic polyurethane, acrylic acid ester rubber/polyacrylate rubber curable elastomer, ethylene acrylic rubber curable elastomer, nitrile butyl rubber curable elastomer, hydrogenated nitrile butyl rubber curable elastomer, silicone curable elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 30  wherein extruding disposes said fluid polymer upon a pipe.  
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 36  wherein said pipe is any of a plastic pipe, plastic bar, plastic filament, metal pipe, metal bar, metal filament, ceramic pipe, ceramic bar, and ceramic filament.  
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 34  wherein said fluid polymer further comprises admixed filler of the group of fillers consisting of magnetizable ferrite powder, metal fiber, carbon nanotubes, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 36  wherein said shaped polymer is a coating on said pipe.  
     
     
         40 . A method for forming coated pipe, comprising pultruding a polymerizing fluid polymer onto said pipe through a die forming said fluid polymer into shaped polymer coating for said pipe and discharging said shaped polymer coating from said die onto said pipe through an exit aperture having a center-point, said shaped polymer coating having a plurality of portions with each portion of said portions positioned at a unique angular location in polar relation to said center-point, wherein, in operation, said polymerizing fluid polymer is in a first state of polymerization when fluidly communicated into said die, and said shaped polymer coating in each said portion is in an independent second state of polymerization when discharged from said exit aperture, and all said portions have second states of polymerization that are mutually conformant within a predefined threshold of deviation.  
     
     
         41 . The method of  claim 40  wherein said pultruding further comprises diverting flow of said fluid polymer within said die so that, in operation, all said portions are shaped from fluid polymer having an essentially similar residence time within said die.  
     
     
         42 . The method of  claim 41  wherein said diverting uses at least one flow diverter in said die, at least one said flow diverter having a tear-drop perimeter shape relative to a perpendicular perspective to a general thickness plane of said diverter, said diverter having one angular location on said perimeter and a symmetrical axis extending through said diverter from said angular location, said symmetrical axis in parallel with an axis of elongation for a mandrel of said die, said mandrel disposed within an internal cavity of said die to define a generally annular cavity between an inner surface of said die and said mandrel, said mandrel having an end positioned to interact with said exit aperture in discharging shaped coating onto said pipe, said angular location positioned as the initial contact point of said diverter to flow of said fluid polymer within said annular cavity.  
     
     
         43 . The method of  claim 42  wherein said tear-drop perimeter shape is substantially according to  FIG. 5 .  
     
     
         44 . The method of  claim 40  wherein said fluid polymer is a fluid polymer selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermoplastic vulcanizate, a thermoplastic, a thermoset polymer, an elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         45 . The method of  claim 40  wherein said fluid polymer is selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of silicone-thermoplastic vulcanizate, nitrile butyl rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, curable ethylene acrylic rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, acrylic acid ester rubber/polyacrylate rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, thermoplastic polyester elastomer polyether-block co-polyamide resins, fluoroelastomer, thermoplastic polyurethane, acrylic acid ester rubber/polyacrylate rubber curable elastomer, ethylene acrylic rubber curable elastomer, nitrile butyl rubber curable elastomer, hydrogenated nitrile butyl rubber curable elastomer, silicone curable elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         46 . The method of  claim 40  wherein said pipe is any of a plastic pipe, plastic bar, plastic filament, metal pipe, metal bar, metal filament, ceramic pipe, ceramic bar, and ceramic filament.  
     
     
         47 . The method of  claim 44  wherein said fluid polymer further comprises admixed filler of the group of fillers consisting of magnetizable ferrite powder, metal fiber, carbon nanotubes, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         48 . A conduit formed from polymerizing fluid polymer into shaped polymer by a process, comprising extruding said fluid polymer through a die forming said fluid polymer into said shaped polymer and discharging said shaped polymer from said die through an exit aperture having a center-point, said shaped polymer having a plurality of portions with each portion of said portions positioned at a unique angular location in polar relation to said center-point, wherein, in operation, said polymerizing fluid polymer is in a first state of polymerization when fluidly communicated into said die, and said shaped polymer in each said portion is in an independent second state of polymerization when discharged from said exit aperture, and all said portions have second states of polymerization that are mutually conformant within a predefined threshold of deviation.  
     
     
         49 . A conduit according to  claim 48  wherein said extruding further comprises diverting flow of said fluid polymer within said die so that, in operation, all said portions are shaped from fluid polymer having an essentially similar residence time within said die.  
     
     
         50 . A conduit according to  claim 49  wherein said diverting uses at least one flow diverter in said die, at least one said flow diverter having a tear-drop perimeter shape relative to a perpendicular perspective to a general thickness plane of said diverter, said diverter having one angular location on said perimeter and a symmetrical axis extending through said diverter from said angular location, said symmetrical axis in parallel with an axis of elongation for a mandrel of said die, said mandrel disposed within an internal cavity of said die to define a generally annular cavity between an inner surface of said die and said mandrel, said mandrel having an axis of elongation and an end positioned to interact with an exit aperture used in said forming of said extruding so that a channel is established in said conduit, said angular location positioned as the initial contact point of said diverter to flow of said fluid polymer within said annular cavity.  
     
     
         51 . A conduit according to  claim 50  wherein said tear-drop perimeter shape is substantially according to  FIG. 5 .  
     
     
         52 . A conduit according to  claim 48  wherein said fluid polymer is a fluid polymer selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermoplastic vulcanizate, a thermoplastic, a thermoset polymer, an elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         53 . A conduit according to  claim 48  wherein said fluid polymer is selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of silicone-thermoplastic vulcanizate, nitrile butyl rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, curable ethylene acrylic rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, acrylic acid ester rubber/polyacrylate rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, thermoplastic polyester elastomer polyether-block co-polyamide resins, fluoroelastomer, thermoplastic polyurethane, acrylic acid ester rubber/polyacrylate rubber curable elastomer, ethylene acrylic rubber curable elastomer, nitrile butyl rubber curable elastomer, hydrogenated nitrile butyl rubber curable elastomer, silicone curable elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         54 . A conduit according to  claim 48  wherein extruding disposes said fluid polymer upon a pipe.  
     
     
         55 . A conduit according to  claim 54  wherein said pipe is any of a plastic pipe, plastic bar, plastic filament, metal pipe, metal bar, metal filament, ceramic pipe, ceramic bar, and ceramic filament.  
     
     
         56 . A conduit according to  claim 52  wherein said fluid polymer further comprises admixed filler of the group of fillers consisting of magnetizable ferrite powder, metal fiber, carbon nanotubes, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         57 . A conduit according to  claim 54  wherein said shaped polymer is a coating on said pipe.  
     
     
         58 . A coated pipe formed by a process, comprising pultruding a polymerizing fluid polymer onto said pipe through a die forming said fluid polymer into a shaped polymer coating for said pipe and discharging said shaped polymer coating from said die onto said pipe through an exit aperture having a center-point, said shaped polymer coating having a plurality of portions with each portion of said plurality of portions positioned at a unique angular location in polar relation to said center-point, wherein, in operation, said polymerizing fluid polymer is in a first state of polymerization when fluidly communicated into said die, said shaped coating in each said portion is in an independent second state of polymerization when discharged from said exit aperture, and all said portions have second states of polymerization that are mutually conformant within a predefined threshold of deviation.  
     
     
         59 . A coated pipe according to  claim 58  wherein said pultruding further comprises diverting flow of said fluid polymer within said die so that, in operation, all said portions are shaped from fluid polymer having an essentially similar residence time within said die.  
     
     
         60 . A coated pipe according to  claim 59  wherein said diverting uses at least one flow diverter in said die, at least one said flow diverter having a tear-drop perimeter shape relative to a perpendicular perspective to a general thickness plane of said diverter, said diverter having one angular location on said perimeter and a symmetrical axis extending through said diverter from said angular location, said symmetrical axis in parallel with an axis of elongation for a mandrel of said die, said mandrel disposed within an internal cavity of said die to define a generally annular cavity between an inner surface of said die and said mandrel, said mandrel having an end positioned to interact with said exit aperture in discharging shaped coating onto said pipe, said angular location positioned as the initial contact point of said diverter to flow of said fluid polymer within said annular cavity.  
     
     
         61 . A coated pipe according to  claim 60  wherein said tear-drop perimeter shape is substantially according to  FIG. 5 .  
     
     
         62 . A coated pipe according to  claim 58  wherein said fluid polymer is a fluid polymer selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermoplastic vulcanizate, a thermoplastic, a thermoset polymer, an elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         63 . A coated pipe according to  claim 58  wherein said fluid polymer is selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of silicone-thermoplastic vulcanizate, nitrile butyl rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, curable ethylene acrylic rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, acrylic acid ester rubber/polyacrylate rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, thermoplastic polyester elastomer polyether-block co-polyamide resins, fluoroelastomer, thermoplastic polyurethane, acrylic acid ester rubber/polyacrylate rubber curable elastomer, ethylene acrylic rubber curable elastomer, nitrile butyl rubber curable elastomer, hydrogenated nitrile butyl rubber curable elastomer, silicone curable elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         64 . A coated pipe according to  claim 58  wherein said pipe is any of a plastic pipe, plastic bar, plastic filament, metal pipe, metal bar, metal filament, ceramic pipe, ceramic bar, and ceramic filament.  
     
     
         65 . A coated pipe according to  claim 62  wherein said fluid polymer further comprises admixed filler of the group of fillers consisting of magnetizable ferrite powder, metal fiber, carbon nanotubes, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         66 . A die for forming polymerizing fluid polymers into a conduit of multilayer shaped polymer, comprising: 
 (a) a die housing having a plurality of inner surfaces defining a plurality of internal cavities, an entrance port for fluid communication of a fluid polymer into each internal cavity in said plurality of internal cavities, and an exit aperture for forming said fluid polymers into said shaped polymer and for discharging said shaped polymer from said die, said exit aperture in fluid communication with each said internal cavity and having a center-point, said shaped polymer having a plurality of portions with each portion of said plurality of portions positioned at a unique angular location in polar relation to said center-point, wherein, in operation, each polymerizing fluid polymer of said polymerizing fluid polymers is in a first state of polymerization when fluidly communicated through said entrance port into said internal cavity, and said shaped polymer in each said portion is in an independent second state of polymerization when discharged from said exit aperture;    (b) a plurality of die core-members disposed within said die, each die core-member of said plurality of die core-members defining a generally annular cavity between one of said inner surfaces and one of said die core-members, each die core-member having an axis of elongation; and    (c) at least one flow diverter disposed within at least one of said annular cavities, each disposed flow diverter shaped and positioned to provide that all said portions derived from any one of said fluid polymers have second states of polymerization that are mutually conformant within a predefined threshold of deviation.    
     
     
         67 . A die according to  claim 66  wherein at least one said disposed flow diverter has a tear-drop perimeter shape relative to a perpendicular perspective to a general thickness plane of said diverter, said diverter having one angular location on said perimeter and a symmetrical axis extending through said diverter from said angular location, said symmetrical axis in parallel with said axis of elongation for said core-member, and said angular location positioned as the initial contact point of said diverter to flow of said fluid polymer within said annular cavity.  
     
     
         68 . A die according to  claim 67  wherein said tear-drop perimeter shape is substantially according to  FIG. 5 .  
     
     
         69 . A die according to  claim 67  wherein said flow diverter is attached to said core-member.  
     
     
         70 . A die according to  claim 68  wherein said flow diverter is attached to said core-member.  
     
     
         71 . A die according to  claim 66  wherein each of said fluid polymers is a fluid polymer selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermoplastic vulcanizate, a thermoplastic, a thermoset polymer, an elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         72 . A die according to  claim 66  wherein each of said fluid polymers is selected from the group of fluid polymers consisting of silicone-thermoplastic vulcanizate, nitrile butyl rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, curable ethylene acrylic rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, acrylic acid ester rubber/polyacrylate rubber thermoplastic vulcanizate, thermoplastic polyester elastomer polyether-block co-polyamide resins, fluoroelastomer, thermoplastic polyurethane, acrylic acid ester rubber/polyacrylate rubber curable elastomer, ethylene acrylic rubber curable elastomer, nitrile butyl rubber curable elastomer, hydrogenated nitrile butyl rubber curable elastomer, silicone curable elastomer, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         73 . A die according to  claim 66  wherein one said die core-member is a mandrel having a conduit channel in parallel with the axis of elongation for said mandrel, and each of said fluid polymers is disposed as a coating in a multilayer coating upon a pipe progressing through said mandrel, through said end of said mandrel, and through said exit aperture.  
     
     
         74 . A die according to  claim 73  wherein said pipe is any of a plastic pipe, plastic bar, plastic filament, metal pipe, metal bar, metal filament, ceramic pipe, ceramic bar, and ceramic filament.  
     
     
         75 . A die according to  claim 71  wherein said fluid polymer further comprises admixed filler of the group of fillers consisting of magnetizable ferrite powder, metal fiber, carbon nanotubes, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         76 . A die according to  claim 73  wherein said shaped polymer is a coating on said pipe.  
     
     
         77 . A die according to  claim 73  wherein at least one said flow diverter has a tear-drop perimeter shape relative to a perpendicular perspective to a general thickness plane of said diverter, said diverter having one angular location on said perimeter and a symmetrical axis extending through said diverter from said angular location, said symmetrical axis in parallel with the axis of elongation for said core-member, and said angular location positioned as the initial contact point of said diverter to flow of said fluid polymer within said annular cavity.  
     
     
         78 . An encoder made by a process, comprising: 
 (a) pultruding a polymerizing fluid polymer with admixed magnetizable ferrite powder onto a pipe through a die forming said fluid polymer with admixed magnetizable ferrite powder into a shaped polymer coating for said pipe and discharging said shaped polymer coating from said die onto said pipe through an exit aperture having a center-point, said shaped polymer coating having a plurality of portions with each portion of said plurality of portions positioned at a unique angular location in polar relation to said center-point, wherein, in operation, said polymerizing fluid polymer with admixed magnetizable ferrite powder is in a first state of polymerization when fluidly communicated into said die, said shaped coating in each said portion is in an independent second state of polymerization when discharged from said exit aperture, and all said portions have second states of polymerization that are mutually conformant within a predefined threshold of deviation;    (b) cooling said shaped polymer coating to solidify said shaped polymer coating and provide coated pipe of said shaped polymer on said pipe, said coated pipe having an elongation axis; and    (c) cutting said coated pipe in a plane perpendicular to said elongation axis to provide said encoder.    
     
     
         79 . A gasket made by a process, comprising: 
 (a) pultruding a polymerizing fluid polymer onto a wire through a die forming said fluid polymer into a shaped polymer coating for said wire and discharging said shaped polymer coating from said die onto said wire through an exit aperture having a center-point, said shaped polymer coating having a plurality of portions with each portion of said plurality of portions positioned at a unique angular location in polar relation to said center-point, wherein, in operation, said polymerizing fluid polymer is in a first state of polymerization when fluidly communicated into said die, said shaped coating in each said portion is in an independent second state of polymerization when discharged from said exit aperture, and all said portions have second states of polymerization that are mutually conformant within a predefined threshold of deviation;    (b) cooling said shaped polymer coating to solidify said shaped polymer coating and provide coated wire of said shaped polymer on said wire, said coated wire having an elongation axis;    (c) cutting said coated wire in a plane perpendicular to said elongation axis to provide at least one coated wire segment, each said segment having a first end portion and a second end portion; and    (d) fusing said first end portion to said second end portion to provide said gasket.    
     
     
         80 . A method for forming a polymerizing fluid polymer into a conduit of shaped polymer, comprising: 
 (a) designing a first die design for an extrusion die to extrude said fluid polymer into said shaped polymer for said conduit, said die forming said fluid polymer into said shaped polymer and discharging said shaped polymer from said die through an exit aperture having a center-point, said shaped polymer having a plurality of portions with each portion of said plurality of portions positioned at a unique angular location in polar relation to said center-point, wherein, in operation, said polymerizing fluid polymer is in a first state of polymerization when fluidly communicated into said die, and said shaped polymer in each said portion is in an independent second state of polymerization when discharged from said exit aperture, said first die design providing a flow diverter in said die wherein said flow diverter is shaped and positioned to provide that all said portions have second states of polymerization that are mutually conformant within a desired predefined threshold of deviation;    (b) constructing a first extrusion die according to said first die design;    (c) extruding said fluid polymer through said first extrusion die to form said polymer into shaped polymer;    (d) measuring said second state of polymerization in each said portion of said shaped polymer, a deviation among all said second states of polymerization, and a comparison of said measured deviation to said desired predefined threshold of deviation; and    (e) iteratively repeating said designing, constructing, extruding, and measuring for a subsequent die design to replace said first die design until said measured deviation is less than said desired predefined threshold of deviation, wherein each instance of said designing in said iteratively repeating uses said comparison in said designing of said subsequent die design.