Shot, devices, and installations for ultrasonic peening, and parts treated thereby

Abstract

Shot for use in a peening installation, the shot having: hardness greater than or equal to 800 HV; density greater than or equal to 8 g/cm 3 ; and pieces having a maximum dimension less than or equal to 1.5 mm.

1 . Shot for use in a peening installation, the shot having: 
 hardness of at least 800 HV;    density of at least 8 g/cm 3 ; and    pieces having a maximum dimension not greater than 1.5 mm.    
     
     
         2 . Shot according to  claim 1 , wherein the installation is an ultrasonic peening installation.  
     
     
         3 . Shot according to clam  1 , wherein the hardness is at least 1300 HV.  
     
     
         4 . Shot according to  claim 1 , wherein each piece is substantially spherical.  
     
     
         5 . Shot according to  claim 1 , wherein the shot is spherical with a maximum tolerance of ±60 μm.  
     
     
         6 . Shot according to  claim 1 , wherein the density is at least to 12 g/cm 3 .  
     
     
         7 . Shot according to  claim 1 , wherein a surface of the shot comprises at least one non-ferrous material.  
     
     
         8 . Shot according to  claim 7 , wherein the surface comprises at least tungsten carbide.  
     
     
         9 . Shot according to  claim 8 , the shot being made entirely of tungsten carbide.  
     
     
         10 . Shot for use in an ultrasonic peening installation including at least one sonotrode, the shot comprising at least one non-ferrous material at a surface thereof, and including a density of at least 3 g/cm 3 .  
     
     
         11 . Shot according to  claim 10 , wherein the non-ferrous material is tungsten carbide.  
     
     
         12 . Shot according to  claim 10 , wherein the density is at least 12 g/cm 3 .  
     
     
         13 . Shot for use in a peening installation including at least one sonotrode, each piece of shot comprising a core made of at least one first material, and at least one second material different from the first material in a shell surrounding the core.  
     
     
         14 . Shot according to  claim 13 , wherein the second material has a hardness greater than that of the first material.  
     
     
         15 . Shot according to  claim 14 , wherein the second material is a non-ferrous material.  
     
     
         16 . Shot according to  claim 15 , wherein the second material has a hardness of at least 800 HV.  
     
     
         17 . Shot according to  claim 16 , wherein the hardness of the second material is at least 1300 HV.  
     
     
         18 . Shot according to  claim 1 , wherein the second material comprises tungsten carbide.  
     
     
         19 . A peening device comprising at least one sonotrode for setting at least one piece of shot into motion, said sonotrode including at least one surface for coming into contact with the shot, wherein the sonotrode comprises a metal body coated with a surface deposit of a material that is harder than a base metal and has a thickness of at least 0.5 mm.  
     
     
         20 . A device according to  claim 19 , wherein the metal body comprises titanium.  
     
     
         21 . A device according to  claim 19 , wherein the thickness of the deposit is at least 0.75 mm.  
     
     
         22 . A device according to  claim 21 , wherein the thickness is at least 0.9 mm.  
     
     
         23 . A device according to  claim 19 , wherein the deposit is based on tungsten carbide.  
     
     
         24 . A device according to  claim 19 , wherein the sonotrode comprises a body that is made at least in part of titanium.  
     
     
         25 . A peening device comprising at least one sonotrode for setting at least one piece of shot into motion, the sonotrode comprising a body made at least in part of titanium, at least part of which is forged titanium.  
     
     
         26 . A device for treating at least one part by peening, the device comprising at least one sonotrode and a treatment chamber in which shot can be set into motion by the sonotrode, the device including at least one of an elastically-deformable wall and an elastically-deformable projection for coming to bear against the part for treatment.  
     
     
         27 . A device according to  claim 26 , including a filler element of shape that substantially matches a shape of a face of the part for treatment that is situated facing away from the sonotrode.  
     
     
         28 . An installation for peening a part for treatment, the installation comprising: 
 at least one sonotrode; and    at least one piece of shot including a surface of non-ferrous material, an amplitude of vibration of the sonotrode being selected in such a manner as to induce stresses in the part for treatment corresponding to an ALMEN intensity of at least F8A.    
     
     
         29 . A device for peening at least one part for treatment, the device comprising a sonotrode for projecting shot against the part for treatment, the sonotrode including at least one cavity into which the part for treatment is partially engaged.  
     
     
         30 . A device according to  claim 29 , wherein the cavity is formed as a hollow in a substantially planar end face of the sonotrode.  
     
     
         31 . A peening installation comprising at least one sonotrode and at least one piece of shot as defined in  claim 1 .  
     
     
         32 . An installation according to  claim 31 , wherein the sonotrode is excited at a frequency lying in a range of about 10 kHz to about 60 kHz.  
     
     
         33 . A method of treating at least one root of a blade including a longitudinal axis in a peening installation, said peening installation comprising shot and a peening device comprising a sonotrode including a longitudinal axis, wherein the root of the blade is placed in such a manner that the longitudinal axis of the blade is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sonotrode.  
     
     
         34 . A method according to  claim 33 , wherein at least one of an elastically-deformable wall and an elastically-deformable projection is placed on an end face of the blade root that faces substantially away from the blade.  
     
     
         35 . A method according to  claim 33 , wherein a space situated behind the face of the blade root facing away from the sonotrode is filled with a filler element of shape that substantially matches a shape of said face.  
     
     
         36 . A part treated in a peening installation using at least one piece of shot as defined in  claim 1 , the part including a peened surface with no ferrous deposit and no ferrous encrustation and including at least one concave portion with a radius of curvature not greater than 1.5 mm.  
     
     
         37 . A part according to  claim 36 , wherein the surface exposed to peening includes, after treatment, a stress level corresponding to an ALMEN intensity greater than F8A.