In-situ tri-atomic hydrogen production, stabilization and concentration

Abstract

A system for producing, stabilizing, and concentrating tri-atomic hydrogen includes a source of liquid hydrogen in the form of para-hydrogen, a piping system through which the liquid hydrogen flows, an injection point for combining the liquid hydrogen in the form of para-hydrogen with third hydrogen atoms all with the same proton spin to form H 3 all with the same net magnetic orientation, and a continuous magnetic field for maintaining the magnetic orientation. The system further has a storage tank for storing concentrated liquid H 3 molecules for use as a propellant.

1 . A system for producing, stabilizing, and concentrating tri-atomic hydrogen comprising: 
 a source of liquid hydrogen in the form of para-hydrogen;    means for combining said para-hydrogen with third hydrogen atoms each having the same proton spin to form liquid H 3  molecules all with the same net magnetic orientation; and    means for maintaining said magnetic orientation in said liquid H 3  molecules with a continuous magnetic field.    
   
   
       2 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein said para-hydrogen source comprises a tank containing liquid hydrogen that has been held in liquid form long enough for hydrogen molecules to transform to said para-hydrogen form.  
   
   
       3 . A system according to  claim 1 , further comprising a piping system through which a stream of said liquid hydrogen flows and a pump for circulating said liquid hydrogen stream through said piping system.  
   
   
       4 . A system according to  claim 1 , further comprising means for concentrating said liquid H 3  molecules.  
   
   
       5 . A system according to  claim 4 , wherein said concentrating means comprises a spinning tank.  
   
   
       6 . A system according to  claim 5 , wherein said spinning tank has means for extending transit time of said liquid hydrogen through said spinning tank and for forcing the liquid hydrogen off centerline in its passage through the spinning tank.  
   
   
       7 . A system according to  claim 6 , wherein said transit time extending and forcing means comprises a plurality of flow baffles.  
   
   
       8 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein said combining means comprises means for providing a flow of gaseous hydrogen, means for dissociating hydrogen molecules and ionizing individual hydrogen atoms in said gaseous hydrogen, and means for separating the ionized hydrogen atoms by the spin of their protons.  
   
   
       9 . A system according to  claim 8 , wherein said dissociating means comprises an electric arc.  
   
   
       10 . A system according to  claim 8 , wherein said separating means comprises means for creating a magnetic flow field around said gaseous hydrogen flow.  
   
   
       11 . A system according to  claim 8 , wherein said combining means further comprises means for injecting a first stream of like spin protons into said liquid hydrogen stream.  
   
   
       12 . A system according to  claim 11 , further comprising means for discharging a second stream of opposite spin protons.  
   
   
       13 . A system according to  claim 11 , further comprising means for converting H 3  ions to H 3  molecules positioned downstream of said injecting means.  
   
   
       14 . A system according to  claim 13 , wherein said converting means comprises a negatively charged grid.  
   
   
       15 . A system according to  claim 1 , further comprising a storage tank for storing concentrated liquid H 3  molecules and means for creating a magnetic field for aligning the molecules in the direction of their third atom spin.  
   
   
       16 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein said stream of liquid hydrogen flows through a piping system and said magnetic orientation maintaining means comprises means for generating a magnetic field around a portion of said piping system.  
   
   
       17 . A process for producing, stabilizing, and concentrating tri-atomic hydrogen comprising the steps of: 
 providing a source of liquid hydrogen in the form of para-hydrogen;    combining said para-hydrogen with third hydrogen atoms all with the same proton spin to form liquid H 3  molecules all with the same net magnetic orientation; and    maintaining said magnetic orientation with a continuous magnetic field.    
   
   
       18 . A process according to  claim 17 , further comprising circulating a stream of said liquid hydrogen through a piping system to a spinning tank.  
   
   
       19 . A process according to  claim 18 , further comprising concentrating liquid H 3  molecules in said spinning tank.  
   
   
       20 . A process according to  claim 19 , wherein said concentrating step comprises passing said stream of liquid hydrogen through means for extending the transit time of the liquid hydrogen stream through the spinning tank and for forcing the liquid hydrogen stream off centerline as said stream of liquid hydrogen passes through said spinning tank.  
   
   
       21 . A process according to  claim 17 , wherein said combining step comprises providing a flow of gaseous hydrogen, passing said hydrogen through an electric arc to dissociate hydrogen molecules and ionizing individual hydrogen atoms, and magnetically separating said ionized hydrogen atoms by the spin of their protons.  
   
   
       22 . A process according to  claim 21 , wherein said combining step further comprises injecting a first stream of like spin protons into said liquid hydrogen stream.  
   
   
       23 . A process according to  claim 22 , wherein said combining step further comprises discharging a second stream of opposite spin protons.  
   
   
       24 . A process according to  claim 17 , wherein said maintaining step comprises creating a magnetic field around a portion of the piping through which said stream of liquid hydrogen flows.  
   
   
       25 . A process according to  claim 17 , further comprising passing said combined liquid hydrogen stream and said third hydrogen atoms through a negatively charged grid to convert H 3   +  ions to said liquid H 3  molecules.  
   
   
       26 . A process according to  claim 17 , further comprising storing concentrated liquid H 3  molecules in a storage tank.  
   
   
       27 . A process according to  claim 26 , further comprising applying a magnetic field to said storage tank to align the liquid H 3  molecules in a direction of their third atom spin.  
   
   
       28 . A process according to  claim 26 , further comprising reducing storage temperature in said storage tank.  
   
   
       29 . A propellant comprising liquid H 3  molecules having said molecules aligned in a direction of a third atom spin.  
   
   
       30 . A process for forming a propellant comprising: 
 providing a source of liquid hydrogen in the form of para-hydrogen;    passing a stream of said liquid hydrogen through a flow system;    injecting hydrogen ions having like spin protons into the stream of said liquid hydrogen;    maintaining the spin orientation of said protons;    converting H 3   +  ions in said liquid hydrogen to liquid H 3  molecules which are stable at cryogenic temperature;    concentrating the liquid H 3  molecules from liquid H 2 ; and    extracting the liquid H 3  molecules and storing the liquid H 3  molecules for use as a propellant.    
   
   
       31 . A process according to  claim 30 , further comprising forming said hydrogen ions having like spin protons by providing a flow of gaseous hydrogen, passing said flow through an electric arc to dissociate hydrogen molecules and ionize individual hydrogen atoms, and separating the ionized hydrogen atoms by proton spin.  
   
   
       32 . A process according to  claim 31 , wherein said separating step comprises subjecting said ionized hydrogen atoms to a magnetic field.  
   
   
       33 . A process according to  claim 32 , further comprising discharging a stream of opposite spin protons through an outlet.  
   
   
       34 . A process according to  claim 30 , wherein said converting step comprises passing said liquid hydrogen stream through a negatively charged grid.  
   
   
       35 . A process according to  claim 30 , wherein said concentrating step comprises passing the liquid hydrogen stream into a spinning tank having a plurality of baffles for extending the transit time of the liquid hydrogen through the spinning tank and to force the flowing liquid hydrogen off centerline as said liquid hydrogen passes through said spinning tank.