Improver containing fuel

Abstract

The invention relates to an improver in the form of a mixture of at least polysiloxane antifoaming agent and at least partially or totally neutralised fat acid. The inventive fuel and additive containing said mixture are also disclosed.

1 . An additive mixture consisting of a component A and a component B, where 
 i) component A is at least one polysiloxane antifoam and    ii) component B is at least one partially or completely neutralized fatty acid, a long-chain carboxylic acid, an ester of such a carboxylic acid or a mixture comprising at least one of these compounds.    
   
   
       2 . An additive mixture as claimed in  claim 1 , which comprises, as component A, at least one polysiloxane of the general formula I  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     where 
 the R radicals are each independently an R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 or R 5  radical where  
 R 1  is an aromatic or saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical,  
 R 2  is an organic polyol,  
 R 3  is a polyether radical,  
 R 4  is a phenol radical,  
 R 5  is an R 2  radical, except that some or all of the hydroxyl groups have been converted to diesters, diethers, acetals and/or ketals,  
     w= 2 +y+ 2 z,    
 y and z are each independently a number from 0 to 2 where the sum of y and z corresponds to a number from 0 to 2 and  
 w+x+y+z=from 20 to 60.  
 
   
   
       3 . An additive mixture as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein, in component A, 
 R 1  is C 1 -C 24 -alkyl, C 3 -C 24 -cycloalkyl, C 4 -C 24 -alkylcycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 -aryl or C 7 -C 18 -arylalkyl,    R 2  is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched, aliphatic hydrocarbon radical which is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups and is optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms,    R 3  is a polyether radical which contains at least 50% by weight of copolymerized ethylene oxide units and has a molecular weight of up to 1500,    the quotient of the number of R 1  groups to the number of R 2  groups (R 1 /R 2 ) is from 3 to 19 and    the quotient of the sum of the number of R 3 , R 4  and R 5  groups to the number of R 2  groups [(R 3 +R 4 +R 5 )/R 2 1 is from 0 to 2.    
   
   
       4 . An additive mixture as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein component B comprises at least one fatty acid neutralized by at least one amine.  
   
   
       5 . An additive mixture as claimed in  claim 4 , wherein component B comprises at least one fatty acid salt of the formula II  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     where 
 R is C 7 -C 23 -alkyl or mono- or polyunsaturated C 7 -C 23 -alkenyl, each of which are optionally substituted by one or more hydroxyl groups;  
 A is C 2 -C 8 -alkylene;  
 Z is C 1 -C 8 -alkylene, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkylene, C 6 -C 12 -arylene or C 7 -C 20 -arylalkylene;  
 m is a number from 0 to 5; and  
 x 1 , x 2 , x 3  and X 4  are each independently a number from 0 to 24,  
 and optionally at least one further fatty acid RCOOH where R is as defined above.  
 
   
   
       6 . An additive mixture as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein component B comprises at least one saturated or unsaturated mono- or polycarboxylic acid having from 4 to 50 carbon atoms or at least one ester of such a carboxylic acid with a mono- or polyhydric alcohol having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms and from 1 to 8 hydroxyl groups.  
   
   
       7 . An additive mixture as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein component A and component B are present in a weight ratio of from 1:200 to 1:10.  
   
   
       8 . A method of additizing fuel compositions comprising adding to a fuel composition an additive mixture as defined in  claim 1 .  
   
   
       9 . The method as claimed in  claim 8  wherein the additive mixture improves the antifoam performance of a fuel composition.  
   
   
       10 . A method of improving the antifoam action of a polysiloxane antifoam in fuel compositions comprising including in the polysiloxane antifoam at least one partially or completely neutralized fatty acid, a long-chain carboxylic acid, an ester of such a carboxylic acid or a mixture comprising at least one of these compounds.  
   
   
       11 . A fuel composition comprising a majority of a hydrocarbon fuel and an effective amount of an additive mixture as defined in  claim 1 .  
   
   
       12 . A fuel composition comprising a majority of a hydrocarbon fuel and an effective amount of an additive mixture, which comprises 
 i) as component A, at least one polysiloxane antifoam and    ii) as component B, at least one fatty acid partially or completely neutralized by at least one amine,    and optionally at least one further additive.    
   
   
       13 . A fuel composition as claimed in  claim 11 , wherein the fuel is diesel fuel, heating oil or kerosene.  
   
   
       14 . A fuel composition or the use as claimed in  claim 13 , wherein the diesel fuel is one obtainable by refining, coal gasification or gas liquefaction, or a mixture thereof with renewable fuels.  
   
   
       15 . An additive concentrate comprising an additive mixture as defined in  claim 1  and at least one diluent.  
   
   
       16 . The fuel composition as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the fuel is diesel fuel, heating oil or kerosene.  
   
   
       17 . The method as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein the additive mixture is added to a diesel fuel, heating oil or kerosene.  
   
   
       18 . The method as claimed in  claim 10 , wherein the polysiloxane antifoam is added to a diesel fuel, heating oil or kerosene.