Peroxycarboxylic acid-based polyelectrolyte capsule system having a long shelf life

Abstract

A multilayer capsule is comprised of a core-shell structure wherein the core portion comprises at least one organic peroxycarboxylic acid in solid particulate form and the shell portion comprises at least one coating layer comprising a material selected from the group consisting of at least one polyelectrolyte, at least one ionic surfactant or a combination thereof.

1 . A process for producing a multilayer capsule system comprised of at least one organic peroxycarboxylic acid, comprising contacting an organic peroxycarboxylic acid in solid particulate form with at least one coating layer comprised of at least one polyelectrolyte, at least one ionic surfactant or a combination thereof, wherein the layers are applied successively to the organic peroxycarboxylic acid to form a multilayer capsule coating comprised of at least two coating layers.  
   
   
       2 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the organic peroxycarboxylic acid is contacted with a solution and/or dispersion comprising at least one polyelectrolyte, at least one ionic surfactant or a combination thereof.  
   
   
       3 . The process of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of at least partially removing the solvent or dispersant after each contacting step.  
   
   
       4 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the organic peroxycarboxylic acid is an organic mono- and diperoxycarboxylic acid.  
   
   
       5 . The process of  claim 4 , wherein the organic diperoxycarboxylic acid is dodecanediperoxy acid.  
   
   
       6 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the organic peroxycarboxylic acid is dodecanediperoxy acid.  
   
   
       7 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the organic peroxycarboxylic acid has a melting point at atmospheric pressure above 25° C.  
   
   
       8 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the organic peroxycarboxylic acid is an imidoperoxycarboxylic acid.  
   
   
       9 . The process of  claim 9 , wherein the imidoperoxycarboxylic acid is 6-phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid.  
   
   
       10 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein when the process is comprised of five or more steps, wherein each of the first, third, fifth and subsequent odd numbered coating layers formed is comprised of a cationic surfactant or a cationic polyelectrolyte.  
   
   
       11 . The process of  claim 10 , wherein when each of the second, fourth, sixth and subsequent even numbered coating layers formed has a negative net charge.  
   
   
       12 . The process of  claim 10 , wherein the first coating layer is comprised of cationic surfactant selected from quaternary ammonium salts whose ammonium radical corresponds to the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 N +  where the R 1 , R 2  and R 3  radicals, identically or differently, are a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl, alkylene or alkynyl radical having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms.  
   
   
       13 . The process of  claim 12 , wherein the counterion of the cationic surfactant is selected from methylsulfate, sulfate, phosphate, tosylate or cumenesulfonate.  
   
   
       14 . The process of  claim 10 , wherein the first coating layer is comprised of cationic surfactant that includes at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of quaternary amine, imine and imidazole groups and is free of halide counterions.  
   
   
       15 . The process of  claim 10 , wherein the cationic polyelectrolyte is an amine oxide or an amine oxide and is free of halide counterions.  
   
   
       16 . The process of  claim 10 , wherein when each of the second, fourth, sixth and subsequent even numbered coating layers is comprised of a synthetic anionic polyelectrolyte selected from the group consisting of polymeric sulfonic acids, polycarboxylic acids and their salts.  
   
   
       17 . The process of  claim 10 , wherein when each of the second, fourth, sixth and subsequent even numbered coating layers is comprised of a natural anionic polymer selected from the group consisting of alginic acid, xanthan and/or derivatized natural polymers.  
   
   
       18 . The process of  claim 16 , wherein the polycarboxylic acid is polyacrylic acid, polymaleic acid and copolymers thereof.  
   
   
       19 . The process of  claim 16 , wherein the polymeric sulfonic acid is selected from the group consisting of polystyrenesulfonic acids and their salts.  
   
   
       20 . The process of  claim 17 , wherein the natural anionic polymer is selected from the group consisting of alginate, carboxymethylamylose, carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethyldextran, carageenan, cellulose sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, chitosan sulfate, dextran sulfate, gum arabic, guar gum, gellan gum, heparin, hyaluronic acid, pectin, xanthan and anionic proteins.  
   
   
       21 . The process of  claim 16 , wherein the synthetic anionic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylates, anionic polyamino acids and copolymers thereof, polymaleate, polymethacrylate, polystyrene sulfate, polystyrenesulfonate, polyvinyl phosphate, polyvinylphosphonate, polyvinyl sulfate, polyacrylamidomethylpropanesulfonate, polylactate, poly(butadiene/maleate), poly(ethylene/maleate), poly(ethacrylate/acrylate) and poly(glycerol/methacrylate).  
   
   
       22 . The process of  claim 10 , wherein at least one the third, fifth or subsequent odd numbered coating layers is comprised of a natural cationic polyelectrolyte selected from the group consisting of chitosan, modified dextrans, hydroxymethylcellulosetrimethylamine, lysozyme, polylysine, protamine sulfate, hydroxyethylcellulosetrimethylamine and cationic proteins.  
   
   
       23 . The process of  claim 10 , wherein at least one the third, fifth or subsequent odd numbered coating layers is comprised of a synthetic cationic polyelectrolyte selected from the group consisting of polyallylamine, polyallylamine hydrosalts, polyamines, polyvinylbenzyltrimethylammonium salts, polybren, polydiallyidimethylammonium salts, polyethyleneimine, polyimidazoline, polyvinylamine, polyvinylpyridine, poly(acrylamide/methacryloyloxypropyltrimethylammonium salts), poly(diallyldimethylammonium salts/N-isopropylacrylamide), poly(dimethylaminoethyl acrylate/acrylamide), polydimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, polydimethylaminoepichlorohydrin, polyethyleneiminoepichlorohydrin, polymethacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium salts, hydroxypropylmethacryloyloxyethyldimethylammonium salts, poly(methyldiethylaminoethyl methacrylate/acrylamide), poly(methyl/guanidine), polymethylvinylpyridinium salts, poly(vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) and polyvinylmethylpyridinium salts, wherein the cationic polyelectrolyte is at least substantially halide-free.  
   
   
       24 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the polyelectrolyte is an amphiphilic polyelectrolyte selected from the group of amphiphilic block and random copolymers with partial polyelectrolyte character.  
   
   
       25 . The process of  claim 10 , wherein at least one the third, fifth or subsequent odd numbered coating layers is comprised of a cationic surfactant which is at least substantially in protonated and/or cationic form at an acidic pH.  
   
   
       26 . The process of  claim 25 , wherein the cationic surfactant is a compound having a functional group selected from the group consisting of phosphine oxide, pyridine N-oxide groups, phosphine oxide, pyridine N-oxide and pyridinium groups.  
   
   
       27 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the boundary between coating layers is a boundary layer complex comprising a polycation/polyanion, cationic surfactant/polyanion, polycation/anionic surfactant and/or anionic sufactant/cationic surfactant complex.  
   
   
       28 . The process of  claim 27 , wherein the boundary layer complex is in water-soluble, moderately water-soluble or water-insoluble form.  
   
   
       29 . The process of  claim 28 , wherein the water-solubility of the boundary layer complex is pH-dependent.  
   
   
       30 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the multilayer capsule is comprised of at least 2 layers.  
   
   
       31 . The process of  claim 2 , wherein the pH of the solution and/or dispersion is from 1 to 6.  
   
   
       32 . The process of  claim 2 , wherein the peroxycarboxylic acid is contacted by coating pans, drum coaters, mixers, spray driers, Wurster coaters.  
   
   
       33 . The process of  claim 2 , wherein the peroxycarboxylic acid is contacted by spraying the solution and/or dispersion in a fluidized bed unit.  
   
   
       34 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the coating layer is further comprised of at least one complexing agent selected from the group consisting of quinoline and/or its salts, phosphates, alkali metal polyphosphonates, picolinic acid and dipicolinic acid, mono- or polyphosphonic acids, EDTA, diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphonic acid), azacycloheptane diphosphonate and nitrilotriacetic acid.  
   
   
       35 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the coating layer is further comprised of at least one plasticizer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, glycerol, glycol and triacetin.  
   
   
       36 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the particle size of the peroxycarboxylic acid solid particles is from 20 μm to 4000 μm.  
   
   
       37 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the proportion of a coating layer in the capsule coating is from 1 to 15% by weight.  
   
   
       38 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the molecular weight of the polyelectrolyte in a coating layer is ≧1000.  
   
   
       39 . A laundry detergent comprising a multilayer capsule system made by the process of  claim 1 , wherein the laundry detergent is comprised of up to 500 ppm halide ions; at least one complexing agent selected from the group of quinoline and/or its salts, alkali metal polyphosphonates, picolinic acid and dipicolinic acid, mono- or polyphosphonic acids, EDTA, diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphonic acid), azacycloheptane diphosphonate, nitrilotriacetic acid, citrate and/or short-chain dicarboxylic acids; optionally at least one water-miscible solvent with a low dissolution capacity for the organic peroxycarboxylic acid; optionally at least one catalase and/or one peroxidase enzyme; at least one antioxidant and wherein the laundry detergent has a pH of at most 7.  
   
   
       40 . The laundry detergent of  claim 39 , wherein the peroxycarboxylic acid is 6-phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid.  
   
   
       41 . A multilayer capsule comprising a core-shell structure, wherein the core portion comprises at least one organic peroxycarboxylic acid in solid particulate form and the shell portion comprises at least one coating layer comprising a material selected from the group consisting of at least one polyelectrolyte, at least one ionic surfactant or a combination thereof.  
   
   
       42 . The multilayer capsule of  claim 41 , wherein the shell portion comprises multiple coating layers comprising a material selected from the group consisting of at least one polyelectrolyte, at least one ionic surfactant or a combination thereof.  
   
   
       43 . The multilayer capsule of  claim 42 , wherein the shell portion comprises at least three coating layers.  
   
   
       44 . The multilayer capsule of  claim 43 , wherein the first layer of the shell portion comprises a material having a net charge opposite to that of the second layer.  
   
   
       45 . The multilayer capsule of  claim 42 , wherein the organic peroxycarboxylic acid is an organic mono- and diperoxycarboxylic acid.  
   
   
       46 . The multilayer capsule of  claim 42 , wherein the organic peroxycarboxylic acid is a diperoxycarboxylic acid.  
   
   
       47 . The multilayer capsule of  claim 42 , wherein the organic peroxycarboxylic acid is dodecanediperoxy acid.  
   
   
       48 . The multilayer capsule of  claim 42 , wherein the organic peroxycarboxylic acid has a melting point at atmospheric pressure above 25° C.  
   
   
       49 . The multilayer capsule of  claim 42 , wherein the organic peroxycarboxylic acid is an imidoperoxycarboxylic acid.  
   
   
       50 . The multilayer capsule of  claim 49 , wherein the imidoperoxycarboxylic acid 6-phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid.  
   
   
       51 . The multilayer capsule of  claim 42 , wherein the particle size of the peroxycarboxylic acid solid particles is from 20 μm to 4000 μm.  
   
   
       52 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the proportion of a coating layer in the capsule coating is from 1 to 15% by weight.  
   
   
       53 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the molecular weight of the polyelectrolyte in a coating layer is ≧1000.  
   
   
       54 . An aqueous dispersion comprising the multilayer capsule of  claim 41 .  
   
   
       55 . A composition comprising the multilayer capsule of  claim 41  and a cleaning composition selected from the group consisting of a liquid laundry detergent, a dental care composition, a hair dyeing composition, a decolorizing composition and a bleach composition.