Solid additive compostion and method thereof

Abstract

An additive composition comprises (A) an additive comprising a nitrogen-containing detergent, a fatty acid based friction modifier, or a mixture thereof and (B) a solid organic matrix material where the additive composition is a solid that melts in the range of about 25 to about 200° C. A method to enhance performance of a functional fluid, especially a fuel composition or power transmission fluid of a vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine, comprises adding a performance-enhancing amount of the additive composition to the functional fluid.

1 . An additive composition, comprising: 
 (A) an additive comprising a fuel or lubricant additive selected from the group comprising antioxidants, extreme pressure agents, wear reduction agents, viscosity index improvers, anti-foaming agents, combustion modifiers, friction reducing agents, extreme pressure (EP) agents, wear reduction agents, viscosity index improvers, anti-foaming agents, anti-misting agents, cloud-point depressants, pour-point depressants, mineral or synthetic oils, anti-knock agents, lead scavengers, dyes, cetane improvers, rust inhibitors, bacteriostatic agents, gum inhibitors, fluidizers, metal deactivators, demulsifiers, anti-icing agents, lubricity additives, friction modifiers, viscosity improvers, flow improvers, low temperature improvers, anti-static agents, valve-seat recession agents, intake valve deposit control additives, combustion chamber deposit control additives, fuel injector deposit control additives, a fuel-borne catalysts (organometallic compounds of e.g. Na, K, Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, Mn, Mo, Va, Zi, Be, Pt, Pa, Ce, Cr, Al, Th, Se, Bi, Cd, Te, Th, Sn, Ba, B, La, Ta, Ti, W, Zn, Ga, Pb, Ag, Au, Os, Ir) and combinations thereof in the fuel, and    (B) at least one solid organic matrix material    wherein the additive composition is a solid that melts in the range of about 25 to about 200° C., and each of component (A) and component (B) is present in the additive composition at about 5 to about 95% by weight.    
   
   
       2 . An additive composition, comprising: 
 (A) an additive comprising 
 (1) a nitrogen-containing detergent comprising at least one component selected from (a) a Mannich detergent prepared from the reaction of a hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxy-containing aromatic compound and an aldehyde and an amine having at least one primary or secondary amino group; (b) a polyetheramine prepared from the reaction of an alkoxylated alcohol or an alkoxylated alkylphenol with acrylonitrile to form a nitrile which is hydrogenated to form the polyetheramine; (c) an alkoxylated reaction product of the reaction product of C6-36 aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid and polyethylenepolyamines; (d) a C6-36 aliphatic or aromatic amine or (e) a mixture thereof;  
 (2) a fatty acid derived friction modifier comprising (a) a poly-alkoxylated fatty amine; (b) a fatty acid derived oxazoline; and (c) a mixture thereof; or  
 (3) a mixture thereof; and  
   (B) at least one solid organic matrix material    wherein the additive composition is a solid that melts in the range of about 25 to about 200° C., and each of component (A) and component (B) is present in the additive composition at about 5 to about 95% by weight.    
   
   
       2 . The additive composition of  claim 1  wherein component (A) is a gel.  
   
   
       3 . The additive composition of  claim 1  wherein component (A) and component (B) are fabricated as an uncoated dosage unit or as a coated dosage unit.  
   
   
       4 . The additive composition of  claim 3  wherein the coating is nontoxic, soluble in a hydrocarbon medium, and melts at about 50° C., or higher.  
   
   
       5 . The additive composition of  claim 3  wherein component (A) and component (B) are fabricated as a dosage unit in a dosing device.  
   
   
       6 . The additive composition of  claim 1  wherein component (A) is (A)(1)(a), (A)(1)(b), or a mixture thereof.  
   
   
       7 . The additive composition of  claim 1  wherein component (A) is (A)(2)(a), (A)(2)(b), or (A)(2)(c).  
   
   
       8 . The additive composition of  claim 1  wherein component (B) comprises (1) a hydrocarbon; (2) an alcohol; (3) an organic acid, a derivative of an organic acid, or a mixture thereof; (4) an organic compound other than (B)(1)-(B)(3) containing only atoms selected from the group consisting of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen; or (5) a mixture thereof.  
   
   
       9 . The additive composition of  claim 8  wherein component (A) comprises (1) the ethoxylatyed amine derived from tallow amine and ethylene oxide (2) isostearic acid/tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, or a mixture thereof, and (B) comprises a C80 wax derived from the Fischer Tropsch process.  
   
   
       10 . The additive composition of  claim 9  where the weight ratio of component (A): (B) is 70:30, and the weight ratio of component (A)(1) : (A)(2) is 8:50.  
   
   
       11 . The additive composition of  claim 8  wherein component (A) comprises (1) oleylamine, (2) the hydroxyethylated aminoethylamide derived from the reaction of polyethyleneamines with a mixture of naphthenic acid and oleic acid and from reaction of the resulting product with ethylene oxide, (3) the polyether amine derived from reaction of a C1-C36-alkyl epoxide and a C1-C36-alkyl propylamine, (4) the alkyl amine derived from polyisobutenyl phenol, formaldehyde and dimethylamine, (5) poly[oxy(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)], alpha-(3-aminopropyl)-omega-hydroxy-, C12-C15 alkyl ethers, or a mixture thereof, and (B) comprises (1) trans-stilbene,  2 ) cholesterol; (3) oleylamide, or a mixture thereof.  
   
   
       12 . The additive composition of  claim 11  wherein component (A) comprises a mixture of (1) and (2) and (B) comprises a mixture of (1) and (3).  
   
   
       13 . The additive composition of  claim 12  wherein the weight ratio of component (A):(B) is 10:90 and the weight ratio of (A)(1):(A)(2) is 1:1.  
   
   
       14 . The additive composition of  claim 1  further comprising (C) at least one additional additive.  
   
   
       15 . A method to enhance performance of a functional fluid, comprising: adding a performance-enhancing amount of the additive composition wherein the additive composition comprises (A) an additive comprising a fuel or lubricant additive selected from the group comprising antioxidants, extreme pressure agents, wear reduction agents, viscosity index improvers, anti-foaming agents, combustion modifiers, friction reducing agents, extreme pressure (EP) agents, wear reduction agents, viscosity index improvers, anti-foaming agents, anti-misting agents, cloud-point depressants, pour-point depressants, mineral or synthetic oils, anti-knock agents, lead scavengers, dyes, cetane improvers, rust inhibitors, bacteriostatic agents, gum inhibitors, fluidizers, metal deactivators, demulsifiers, anti-icing agents, lubricity additives, friction modifiers, viscosity improvers, flow improvers, low temperature improvers, anti-static agents, valve-seat recession agents, intake valve deposit control additives, combustion chamber deposit control additives, fuel injector deposit control additives, a fuel-borne catalysts (organometallic compounds of e.g. Na, K, Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, Mn, Mo, Va, Zi, Be, Pt, Pa, Ce, Cr, Al, Th, Se, Bi, Cd, Te, Th, Sn, Ba, B, La, Ta, Ti, W, Zn, Ga, Pb, Ag, Au, Os, Ir) and combinations thereof in the fuel, and (B) at least one solid organic matrix material  
     wherein the additive composition is a solid that melts in the range of about 25 to about 200° C., and each of component (A) and component (B) is present in the additive composition at about 5 to about 95% by weight, to the functional fluid.  
   
   
       16 . The method of  claim 10  wherein the functional fluid is a functional fluid for a vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine.  
   
   
       17 . The method of  claim 11  wherein the functional fluid comprising a motor oil, a fuel composition, a power transmission fluid, a gear oil, and a hydraulic fluid.  
   
   
       18 . The method of  claim 12  wherein the functional fluid is a fuel composition comprising a major amount of a hydrocarbon fuel and a minor amount of the additive composition.  
   
   
       19 . The method of  claim 12  wherein the functional fluid is a power transmission fluid comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of the additive composition.  
   
   
       20 . The method of  claim 10  wherein the additive composition dissolves into the functional fluid at a rate selected from the group consisting of rapidly dissolves, gradually dissolves, intermediately dissolves and combinations thereof into the functional fluid.