Dental releasing materials

Abstract

Combining nanosized particles of a source of desired dental restorative, repair or therapeutic materials with strengthening agents in various generally nanosized form such as whiskers, fibers, particles and the like in a resin matrix provides a highly strain resistant composite which more effectively releases the therapeutic agents. The utilization of nano sized particles of the therapeutic agent in the combination enables observation of significantly improved therapeutic results.

1 . A dental or bone restorative composite material comprising, in combination: 
 nanosized particles of a therapeutic material;    a strengthening material selected from the group consisting of glasses, ceramics, metals, polymers, and mixtures thereof in the form of fibers, particulates, platelets or whiskers; and    a resin.    
   
   
       2 . The composite material of  claim 1  wherein the therapeutic nanosized particles are in the range of about 1 nm to about 10 4  nm.  
   
   
       3 . The composite material of  claim 1  wherein the therapeutic nanosized particles are in the range of about 50 nm to about 10 3  nm.  
   
   
       4 . The composite material of  claim 1  wherein the strengthening material has an elongated fibrous or whisker structure having a length ranging from 50 nm to 10 mm and a thickness ranging from 10 nm to 1 mm.  
   
   
       5 . The fibrous or whisker material of  claim 4  has a length ranging from 100 nm to 3 mm and a thickness ranging from 50 nm to 50 microns,  
   
   
       6 . The fibrous or whisker material of  claim 4  has a length ranging from 1 micron to 1 mm and a thickness ranging from 500 nm to 10 microns.  
   
   
       7 . The composite material of  claim 1  wherein the therapeutic material is selected from the group consisting of monocalcium phosphate monohydrate, dicalcium phosphate anhydrous, tetra calcium phosphate, alpha tricalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, beta tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, carbonated hydroxyapatite, calcium deficient hydroxyapatite, poorly crystalline hydroxyapatite, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, amorphous calcium phosphate, calcium hydroxide, calcium fluoride, and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       8 . The composite material of  claim 1  wherein the strengthening material is selected from the group consisting of: 
 silicate-containing ceramics, including glass and quartz particles and fibers;    single-crystalline ceramics including silicon nitride-containing ceramics and silicon carbide-containing ceramics in the form of particles, whiskers and fibers;    polycrystalline ceramics including alumina and zirconia in the form of particles, whiskers and fibers;    carbon fibers;    polymer-based particles and fibers;    titanium fibers; and    combinations thereof.    
   
   
       9 . The composite material of  claim 1  wherein the resin is selected from the group consisting of: 
 Bis-GMA (bisphenol glycidyl methacrylate) based resins;    TEGDMA (triethylene glycol dimethacrylate) based resins;    HEMA (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) based resins;    PMDM (pryomellitic acid diethylmethacrylate) based resins;    PMGDM (pyromellitic acid glycerol dimethacrylate) based resins;    UDMA (urethane dimethacrylate) based resins;    methacrylate based resins.    dimethacrylate based resins;    hydrophobic resins;    hydrophilic resins;    adhesive resins that can bond to tooth enamel or dentin; and    hardenable monomers suitable for dental applications.    
   
   
       10 . The composite material of  claim 1  wherein, 
 the therapeutic material is selected from the group consisting of:    monocalcium phosphate monohydrate, dicalcium phosphate anhydrous, tetra calcium phosphate, alpha tricalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, beta calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, carbonated hydroxyapatite, calcium deficient hydroxyapatite, poorly crystalline hydroxyapatite, amorphous calcium phosphate, calcium fluoride, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, calcium hydroxide and combinations thereof;    said strengthening material is selected from the group consisting of:    silicate-containing ceramics, including glass and quartz particles and fibers;    single-crystalline ceramics including silicon nitride-containing ceramics and silicon carbide-containing ceramics in the forms of particles, whiskers and fibers;    polycrystalline ceramics including alumina and zirconia in the forms of particles, whiskers and fibers;    carbon fibers;    polymer-based particles and fibers; and    titanium fibers; and    said resin is selected from the group consisting of:    Bis-GMA (bisphenol glycidyl methacrylate) based resins;    TEGDMA (triethylene glycol dimethacrylate) based resins;    HEMA (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) based resins;    PMDM (pryomellitic acid diethylmethacrylate) based resins;    PMGDM (pyromellitic acid glycerol dimethacrylate) based resins;    UDMA (urethane dimethacrylate) based resins;    methacrylate based resins.    dimethacrylate based resins;    hydrophobic resins;    hydrophilic resins;    adhesive resins that bond to tooth enamel or dentin; and    hardenable monomers suitable for dental applications.    
   
   
       11 . The composite material of  claim 10  wherein the said therapeutic material and strengthening material in combination in the resin comprise in the range of about 1 percent to 80 percent by weight.  
   
   
       12 . The composite material of  claim 11  wherein said therapeutic material and said strengthening material in combination in the resin comprise in the range of about 15 percent to about 70 percent by weight.  
   
   
       13 . The composite of  claim 11  wherein said therapeutic material and said strengthening material in combination in the resin comprise in the range of about 30 percent to about 60 percent by weight.  
   
   
       14 . The composite material of  claim 10  wherein the mass ratio of strengthening material to the therapeutic material is in the range of 1:0 to 0:1.  
   
   
       15 . The composite of  claim 14  wherein the ratio is in the range of about 1:2 to 2:1.  
   
   
       16 . The composite material of  claim 1  wherein the flexural strength of the composite is at least about 80 MPa.  
   
   
       17 . The composite material of  claim 16  wherein the flexural strength of the composite is at least about 120 MPa.  
   
   
       18 . The composite material of  claim 1  wherein the release of therapeutic ions is in the range of about 0.2 mmol/L to greater than 2 mmol/L.  
   
   
       19 . The composite material of  claim 1  wherein the therapeutic material is a Ca 2+  source or a PO 4  source.  
   
   
       20 . The composite material of  claim 1  wherein the therapeutic material is a F −  source.  
   
   
       21 . The composite material of  claim 1  wherein the strengthening material has dimensions in the range of about 1 nm to 3 mm.  
   
   
       22 . The composite material of  claim 1  wherein the strengthening material has dimensions in the range of about 10 nm to about 100 microns.  
   
   
       23 . The composite material of  claim 1  wherein the strengthening material has dimensions in the range of about 50 nm to about 50 microns.