Fore-for-one twisting spindle for twisting machines or similar

Abstract

The invention relates to a four-for-one twisting spindle for twisting machines of textile yarns, comprising a cylindrical basket ( 2 ), inside which a feeding bobbin ( 1 ) is supported, an upper rotating part ( 3 ) and a lower rotating part ( 4 ) which rotate in opposite directions to each other and define a first passage ( 6 ) and a second passage ( 9 ) of the yarn, respectively, along the run of the yarn, one of said upper rotating part ( 3 ) or said lower rotating part ( 4 ) being operated by external means for the transmission of the motion and transmitting the motion to the other rotating part through an epicycloidal transmission mechanism, wherein the planetary elements ( 16, 34 ) are arranged so as to form two crowns and transmit forces which are exerted between the components of said epicycloidal transmission device, along oblique force lines allowing the weight of the spindle to be transmitted from said upper rotating part ( 3 ) to said lower rotating part ( 4 ).

1 . A four-for-one twisting spindle for twisting machines of textile yarns, comprising a cylindrical basket ( 2 ), kept still and inside which a feeding bobbin ( 1 ) is supported, an upper rotating part ( 3 ) and a lower rotating part ( 4 ), situated below the cylindrical basket ( 2 ), and coaxial thereto, which rotate in opposite directions to each other and define a first passage ( 6 ) and a second passage ( 9 ) of the yarn, respectively, along the run of the yarn, said run being further defined by a deflecting element situated above the bobbin ( 1 ), a deflecting element ( 8 ) positioned along said first passage ( 6 ) and a deflecting element ( 12 ) situated along said second passage ( 9 ), said upper rotating part ( 3 ) or said lower rotating part ( 4 ) being operated by external movement transmission means and transmitting the motion to said lower rotating part ( 4 ) or to said upper rotating part ( 3 ), by means of an epicycloidal transmission device, whose internal element is integral with said lower rotating part ( 4 ) and whose outer element is integral with said upper rotating part ( 3 ), wherein the planetary elements ( 16 ,  34 ) rotate around themselves and are maintained in the same position by means of a planetary-holder element ( 18 ,  28 ,  30 ,  33 ) and are arranged so as to form two crowns, a lower crown and an upper crown respectively, the planetary elements ( 16 ,  34 ) of each of said two crowns transmitting forces, which are exerted between the components of said epicycloidal transmission device, along oblique force lines, the planetary elements ( 16 ,  34 ) of at least one of said two crowns transmitting forces converging downwards, so as to transmit the weight of the spindle, which is concentrated on said upper rotating part ( 3 ) to said lower rotating part ( 4 ).  
   
   
       2 . The spindle according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the planetary elements ( 16 ,  34 ) of one of said two crowns transmit forces along downward converging force lines and the planetary elements ( 16 ,  34 ) of the other of said two crowns transmit forces along upward converging force lines.  
   
   
       3 . The spindle according to  claim 2 , characterized in that the weight of the spindle is transmitted by means of the planetary elements ( 16 ,  34 ) of the lower crown.  
   
   
       4 . The spindle according to  claim 3 , characterized in that the inner element of said epicycloidal transmission device consists of a lower inner ring ( 14 ) and an upper inner ring ( 15 ) and the outer element of said epicycloidal transmission device consists of at least one outer ring ( 17 ).  
   
   
       5 . The spindle according to  claim 4 , characterized in that said lower inner ring ( 14 ) and said upper inner ring ( 15 ) are assembled with interference on a rotating shaft ( 10 ) which rotates integrally with said lower rotating part ( 4 ) and said at least one outer ring ( 17 ) is assembled with interference on said upper rotating part ( 3 ).  
   
   
       6 . The spindle according to  claim 4 , characterized in that said upper inner ring ( 15 ) is free to move along the direction of the rotation axis, a loading spring ( 23 ) and a joint ( 22 ) acting thereon, which prevents rotation with respect to said lower inner ring ( 14 ).  
   
   
       7 . The spindle according to  claim 4 , characterized in that said outer element of said epicycloidal transmission device consists of a lower outer ring and an upper outer ring, said lower outer ring being assembled with interference on said upper rotating part ( 3 ) and said upper outer ring being free to move along the direction of the rotation axis, a loading spring and a joint acting thereon, which prevents rotation with respect to said lower outer ring.  
   
   
       8 . The spindle according to  claim 2 , characterized in that the weight of the spindle is transmitted by means of the planetary elements ( 16 ,  34 ) of the upper crown.  
   
   
       9 . The spindle according to  claim 8 , characterized in that the inner element of said epicycloidal transmission device consists of an inner ring and the outer element of said epicycloidal transmission device consists of a lower outer ring and an upper outer ring.  
   
   
       10 . The spindle according to  claim 9 , characterized in that said at least one inner ring is assembled with interference on a rotating shaft ( 10 ) which rotates integrally with said lower rotating part ( 4 ), and said lower outer ring and said upper outer ring are assembled with interference on said upper rotating part ( 4 ).  
   
   
       11 . The spindle according to  claim 9 , characterized in that said lower outer ring is free to move along the direction of the rotation axis, a loading spring and joint acting thereon, which prevents rotation with respect to said upper outer ring.  
   
   
       12 . The spindle according to  claim 9 , characterized in that the inner element of said epicycloidal transmission device consists of a lower inner ring and an upper inner ring, said upper inner ring being assembled with interference on a rotating shaft ( 10 ) which rotates integrally with said lower rotating part ( 4 ) and said lower inner ring being free to move along the direction of the rotation axis, a loading spring and joint acting thereon, which prevents rotation with respect to said upper inner ring.  
   
   
       13 . The spindle according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the weight of said planetary-holder ( 18 ,  28 ,  30 ,  33 ) is directly concentrated on the planetary elements ( 16 ,  34 ) of one of said two crowns.  
   
   
       14 . The spindle according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the weight of said planetary-holder ( 18 ,  28 ,  30 ,  33 ) is not directly concentrated on the planetary elements ( 16 ,  34 ) of any of said two crowns, as it is sustained by the structure of the spindle.  
   
   
       15 . The spindle according to  claim 1 , characterized in that said planetary elements ( 16 ,  34 ) are in the form of spheres, rolls or similar forms or derivatives, said inner rings and said outer rings comprising tracks which adapt to the form of said planetary elements ( 16 ,  34 ) so as to increase the contact surface.  
   
   
       16 . The spindle according to  claim 15 , characterized in that said planetary-holder consists of a cage ( 18 ) with a substantially cylindrical body equipped with a series of prongs ( 19 ) arranged along the generatrices of the cylindrical body and which define housing spaces between each other for said planetary elements ( 16 ).  
   
   
       17 . The spindle according to  claim 15 , characterized in that said planetary-holder element consists of a cage ( 28 ) with a substantially cylindrical body equipped with a series of openings ( 29 ) arranged on two distinct circumferences, which define housing spaces for said planetary elements ( 16 ).  
   
   
       18 . The spindle according to  claim 15 , characterized in that said planetary-holder consists of a cage ( 30 ) with a substantially cylindrical body equipped with a series of prongs ( 31 ) arranged along the generatrices of the cylindrical body and which define housing spaces for the planetary elements ( 16 ) belonging to the upper crown and a series of openings ( 32 ) which define housing spaces for the planetary elements ( 16 ) belonging to the lower crown.  
   
   
       19 . The spindle according to  claim 1 , characterized in that said planetary elements ( 34 ) are in the form of a rotation solid ( 35 ) with two bases ( 36 ) with two parallel and coaxial bases at whose the centre there are two cylindrical pins ( 37 ), said planetary-holder consisting of a frame ( 33 ) with a cylindrical wall ( 38 ), equipped with a series of openings, situated on two different circumferences, which define housings for said planetary elements ( 34 ), each opening also being equipped with a pair of flaps ( 39 ) with holes for the housing of said cylindrical pins ( 37 ).  
   
   
       20 . The spindle according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the contact tracks of said elements of said epicycloidal transmission device with said planetary elements ( 16 ,  34 ) are curved so as to correspond with the curvature of the surface of the planetary elements ( 16 ,  34 ).