Non-aqueous lapping composition and method using same

Abstract

Lapping compositions which do not comprise water are disclosed, wherein those lapping compositions comprise a non-aqueous fluid, and wherein the lapping compositions are useful during a process to shape the surface of a substrate, wherein that process includes contacting a target surface of the substrate with one or more abrasives while also contacting that target surface with the lapping composition.

1 . A lapping composition which does not comprise water, formed by mixing in a non-aqueous fluid an acid selected from the group consisting of citric acid, glycolic acid, tartaric acid, and gallic acid, and a base selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, diglycolamine, guanidine, choline, tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, 2-ethyl-1-hexyl amine, bis(2-ethyl-1-hexyl) amine, tris (2-ethyl-1hexyl) amine, and potassium hydroxide.  
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1 , further comprising poly sodium aspartate.  
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 1 , further comprising poly sodium aspartate-co-diglycol aspartamide.  
     
     
         4 . A lapping composition which does not comprise water, formed by adding to gallic acid in a non-aqueous fluid a base selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, diglycolamine, guanidine, choline, tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, 2-ethyl-1-hexyl amine, bis(2-ethyl-1-hexyl) amine, and tris (2-ethyl-1hexyl) amine.  
     
     
         5 . A lapping composition which does not comprise water formed by adding to a polysuccinimide having structure disposed in a non-aqueous fluid  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       a gallamide having the structure  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein n is between 5 and 30 and wherein m is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to about 10, and wherein R13 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, oxyalkyl, phenyl, and oxyphenyl.  
     
     
         6 . The lapping composition of  claim 5 , wherein said polysuccinimide has a molecular weight of about 3,000 Daltons.  
     
     
         7 . The lapping composition of  claim 5 , formed by adding about 0.25(n) equivalents of said gallamide to said polysuccinimide in DMSO.  
     
     
         8 . A lapping composition which does not comprise water, comprising a salt having the structure  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, and CH 2 —CO 2   − R4 + , and wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, CH 2 —CO 2   − R5 + , and C(H)(OH)—CO2 − R6 + , and wherein R3 + , R4 + , R5 + , and R6 + , are each selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal cation, an alkaline earth cation, a diglycolammonium cation, a monoethanolammonium cation, a triethanolammonium cation, a tetramethylammonium cation, a guanidinium cation, and a choline cation.  
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 8 , further comprising poly sodium aspartate.  
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 9 , further comprising poly sodium aspartate-co-diglycol aspartamide.  
     
     
         11 . A lapping composition which does not comprise water, comprising a salt having the structure  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R1+is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal cation, an alkaline earth cation, a diglycolammonium cation, a monoethanolammonium cation, a triethanolammonium cation, a tetramethylammonium cation, a guanidinium cation, and a choline cation.  
     
     
         12 . A lapping composition which does not comprise water, comprising a compound having the structure  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of OH and N(R2)(R3), wherein R2 and R3 are each selected from the group consisting of alkyl and phenyl.  
     
     
         13 . A lapping composition which does not comprise water, comprising a polymeric substituted gallamide having the structure  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, succinimide, aspartic acid, and aspartate salt, and wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, succinimide, aspartic acid, and aspartate salt, and wherein (a+b) is between 4 and 5000 and wherein a is about (0.25)b, and wherein m is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to about 10, and wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, oxyalkyl, phenyl, and oxyphenyl, and wherein R4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl.  
     
     
         14 . A lapping composition which does not comprise water, comprising a polymeric material having the structure  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein n is between 1 and 5000.  
     
     
         15 . A method to shape the surface of a substrate, comprising the steps of: 
 providing a substrate, wherein said substrate comprises a target surface, wherein that target surface comprises a metal surface, a ceramic surface, or a combination thereof;    providing one or more abrasives;    providing a lapping composition which does not comprise water;    contacting said target surface with said one or more abrasives while contacting said target surface with said lapping composition is formed by mixing in a non-aqueous fluid an acid selected from the group consisting of citric acid, glycolic acid, taitaric acid, and gallic acid, and a base selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, diglycolamine, guanidine, choline, tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, 2-ethyl-1-hexyl amine, bis(2-ethyl-1-hexyl) amine, tris (2-ethyl-1hexyl) amine, and potassium hydroxide.    
     
     
         16 . A method to shape the surface of a substrate, comprising the steps of: 
 providing a substrate, wherein said substrate comprises a target surface, wherein that target surface comprises a metal surface, a ceramic surface, or a combination thereof;    providing one or more abrasives;    providing a lapping composition which does not comprise water;    contacting said target surface with said one or more abrasives while contacting said target surface with said lapping composition;    wherein said lapping composition comprises a salt having the structure                          wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, and CH 2 —CO 2   − R4 + , and wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, CH 2 —CO 2   − R5 + , and C(H)(OH)—CO2 − R6 + , and wherein R3 + , R4 + , R5 + , and R6 + , are each selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal cation, an alkaline earth cation, a diglycolammonium cation, a monoethanolammonium cation, a triethanolammonium cation, a tetramethylammonium cation, a guanidinium cation, and a choline cation.    
     
     
         17 . The lapping composition of  claim 16 , further comprising poly sodium aspartate.  
     
     
         18 . The lapping composition of  claim 16 , further comprising poly sodium aspartate-co-diglycol aspartamide.  
     
     
         19 . A method to shape the surface of a substrate, comprising the steps of: 
 providing a substrate, wherein said substrate comprises a target surface, wherein that target surface comprises a metal surface, a ceramic surface, or a combination thereof;    providing one or more abrasives;    providing a lapping composition which does not comprise water;    contacting said target surface with said one or more abrasives while contacting said target surface with said lapping composition;    wherein said lapping composition comprises a salt having the structure                          wherein R1+is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal cation, an alkaline earth cation, a diglycolammonium cation, a monoethanolammonium cation, a triethanolammonium cation, a tetramethylammonium cation, a guanidinium cation, and a choline cation.    
     
     
         20 . A method to shape the surface of a substrate, comprising the steps of: 
 providing a substrate, wherein said substrate comprises a target surface, wherein that target surface comprises a metal surface, a ceramic surface, or a combination thereof;    providing one or more abrasives;    providing a lapping composition which does not comprise water;    contacting said target surface with said one or more abrasives while contacting said target surface with said lapping composition;    wherein said lapping composition comprises a compound having the structure                          wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of OH and N(R2)(R3), wherein R2 and R3 are each selected from the group consisting of alkyl and phenyl.