Pulse tube refrigerating machine

Abstract

To provide a pulse tube refrigerator for enhancing refrigeration capacity. A pulse tube refrigerator includes a pressure-waveform generating device 1 for generating a pressure waveform of refrigerant gas, pulse tubes 14, 20 into which refrigerant gas with pressure waveforms flow, one of whose ends is adapted to a low-temperature end, and the other one of whose ends is adapted to a high-temperature end, cold accumulators 8, 10 for pre-cooling the refrigerant gas to be flowed into the pulse tubes 14, 20, a pressure-waveform phase controlling element having a buffer tank 23 communicating with the high-temperature end of the pulse tube 20, and controlling a pressure-waveform phase of the refrigerant gas for generating refrigeration at the low-temperature end of the pulse tube 20, and a vacuum heat-insulation bath 24 having a vacuum heat-insulation chamber 24 w for accommodating the pulse tube 20. The buffer tank 23 is placed within the vacuum heat-insulation chamber 24 w of the vacuum heat-insulation bath 24.

1 . A pulse tube refrigerator, comprising: 
 a pressure-waveform generating device for generating a pressure waveform of refrigerant gas;    a pulse tube into which refrigerant gas with the pressure waveform generated by said pressure-waveform generating device flows, one of whose ends is adapted to a low-temperature end, and the other one of whose ends is adapted to a high-temperature end;    a cold accumulator disposed between said pressure-waveform generating device and said pulse tube, and pre-cooling the refrigerant gas to be flowed into said pulse tube;    a pressure-waveform phase controlling element having a buffer tank communicating with the high-temperature end of said pulse tube, and controlling a pressure-waveform phase of the refrigerant gas for generating refrigeration at the low-temperature end of said pulse tube; and    a vacuum heat-insulation bath having a vacuum heat-insulation chamber for accommodating said pulse tube,    wherein the pulse tube refrigerator is characterized in that said buffer tank is placed within said vacuum heat-insulation chamber of said vacuum heat-insulation bath.    
   
   
       2 . A pulse tube refrigerator, comprising: 
 a pressure-waveform generating device for generating a pressure waveform of refrigerant gas;    a pulse tube into which refrigerant gas with the pressure waveform generated by said pressure-waveform generating device flows, one of whose ends is adapted to a low-temperature end, and the other one of whose ends is adapted to a high-temperature end;    a cold accumulator disposed between said pressure waveform generating device and said pulse tube, and pre-cooling the refrigerant gas to be flowed into said pulse tube;    a pressure-waveform phase controlling element having an inertance tube communicating with the high-temperature end of said pulse tube and having a flow passage with a smaller inside diameter than an inside diameter of said pulse tube, a buffer tank communicating with the high-temperature end of said pulse tube by way of said inertance tube, and controlling a pressure-waveform phase of the refrigerant gas for generating refrigeration at the low-temperature end of said pulse tube; and    a vacuum heat-insulation bath having a vacuum heat-insulation chamber for accommodating said pulse tube,    wherein the pulse tube refrigerator is characterized in that said inertance tube is placed within said vacuum heat-insulation chamber of said vacuum heat-insulation bath.    
   
   
       3 . A pulse tube refrigerator, comprising: 
 a pressure-waveform generating device for generating a pressure waveform of refrigerant gas;    a first pulse tube into which refrigerant gas with the pressure waveform generated by said pressure-waveform generating device flows, one of whose ends is adapted to a low-temperature end, and the other one of whose ends is adapted to a high-temperature end;    a second pulse tube into which refrigerant gas with a pressure waveform flows, one of whose ends is adapted to a low-temperature end, the low-temperature end becoming a lower temperature than the low-temperature end of said first pulse tube, and the other one of whose ends is adapted to a high-temperature end;    a cold accumulator disposed between said pressure-waveform generating device, said first pulse tube and said second pulse tube, and pre-cooling the refrigerant gas to be flowed into said first pulse tube and/or said second pulse tube;    a pressure-waveform phase controlling element having a first inertance tube communicating with the high-temperature end of said first pulse tube and having a flow passage with a smaller inside diameter than an inside diameter of said first pulse tube, a first buffer tank communicating with the high-temperature end of said first pulse tube by way of said first inertance tube, a second inertance tube communicating with the high-temperature end of said second pulse tube and having a flow passage with a smaller inside diameter than an inside diameter of said second pulse tube, and a second buffer tank communicating with the high-temperature end of said second pulse tube by way of said second inertance tube, and controlling pressure-waveform phases of the refrigerant gas for generating refrigeration; and    a vacuum heat-insulation bath having a vacuum heat-insulation chamber for accommodating said second pulse tube at least,    wherein a cooling element contacting thermally with the low-temperature end of said first pulse tube and being cooled by refrigeration from the low-temperature end of said first pulse tube is disposed, and said cooling element is brought into contact with said second inertance tube thermally.    
   
   
       4 . A pulse tube refrigerator, comprising: 
 a pressure-waveform generating device for generating a pressure waveform of refrigerant gas;    a first pulse tube into which refrigerant gas with the pressure waveform generated by said pressure-waveform generating device flows, one of whose ends is adapted to a low-temperature end, and the other one of whose ends is adapted to a high-temperature end;    a second pulse tube into which refrigerant gas with a pressure waveform flows, one of whose ends is adapted to a low-temperature end, the low-temperature end becoming a lower temperature than the low-temperature end of said first pulse tube, and the other one of whose ends is adapted to a high-temperature end;    a cold accumulator disposed between said pressure-waveform generating device, said first pulse tube and said second pulse tube, and pre-cooling the refrigerant gas to be flowed into said first pulse tube and/or said second pulse tube;    a pressure-waveform phase controlling element having a first inertance tube communicating with the high-temperature end of said first pulse tube and having a flow passage with a smaller inside diameter than an inside diameter of said first pulse tube, a first buffer tank communicating with the high-temperature end of said first pulse tube by way of said first inertance tube, a second inertance tube communicating with the high-temperature end of said second pulse tube and having a flow passage with a smaller inside diameter than an inside diameter of said second pulse tube, and a second buffer tank communicating with the high-temperature end of said second pulse tube by way of said second inertance tube, and controlling pressure-waveform phases of the refrigerant gas for generating refrigeration; and    a vacuum heat-insulation bath having a vacuum heat-insulation chamber for accommodating said second pulse tube at least,    wherein a cooling element contacting thermally with the low-temperature end of said first pulse tube and being cooled by refrigeration from the low-temperature end of said first pulse tube is disposed, and said cooling element is brought into contact with said second buffer tank thermally.    
   
   
       5 . A pulse tube refrigerator, comprising: 
 a pressure-waveform generating device for generating a pressure waveform of refrigerant gas;    a first pulse tube into which refrigerant gas with the pressure waveform generated by said pressure-waveform generating device flows, one of whose ends is adapted to a low-temperature end, and the other one of whose ends is adapted to a high-temperature end;    a second pulse tube into which refrigerant gas with a pressure waveform flows, one of whose ends is adapted to a low-temperature end, the low-temperature end becoming a lower temperature than the low-temperature end of said first pulse tube, and the other one of whose ends is adapted to a high-temperature end;    a cold accumulator disposed between said pressure-waveform generating device, said first pulse tube and said second pulse tube, and pre-cooling the refrigerant gas to be flowed into said first pulse tube and said second pulse tube;    a pressure-waveform phase controlling element having a first inertance tube communicating with the high-temperature end of said first pulse tube and having a flow passage with a smaller inside diameter than an inside diameter of said first pulse tube, a first buffer tank communicating with the high-temperature end of said first pulse tube by way of said first inertance tube, a second inertance tube communicating with the high-temperature end of said second pulse tube and having a flow passage with a smaller inside diameter than an inside diameter of said second pulse tube, and a second buffer tank communicating with the high-temperature end of said second pulse tube by way of said second inertance tube, and controlling pressure-waveform phases of the refrigerant gas for generating refrigeration; and    a vacuum heat-insulation bath having a vacuum heat-insulation chamber for accommodating said second pulse tube at least,    wherein at least a part of said second inertance tube is brought into contact with the low-temperature end of said first pulse tube thermally.