Compound having phenylacetylene structure, liquid crystal composition, polymer, optically anisotropic product, optical or liquid crystal element, dibenzothiophene compound, intermediate, and process for producing the same

Abstract

There are disclosed novel compounds, liquid crystal compositions, polymers, optically anisotropic prodrugs, and optical or liquid crystal elements that have large refractive index anisotropy, mix easily with other liquid crystals, have advantageous stability against light, and exhibit absorption at practically short wavelength in the ultraviolet region. The compounds are represented by the formula (1) and have a phenylacetylene structure, wherein difference ΔE in energy of HOMO of parts (1-1), (1-2) and (1-3) calculated by the method of molecular orbitals is not less than 0.3 electronvolt, and the polarizability anisotropy Δα of a molecule represented by the formula (1) calculated in the same way is not lower than 500 A.U.: (A 1 to A 4 : H, F, alkyl or alkoxy group of C1 to C10 optionally substituted with F; P 1 , P 2 : structure fulfilling the conditions of HOMO energy and polarizability).

1 . A dibenzothiophene compound represented by the formula (A-1):  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein A 1  to A 6  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, X stands for a halogen atom, and Y stands for a halogen atom or a hydroxyl group.  
     
     
         2 . A dibenzothiophene compound represented by the formula (A-2):  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein A 1  to A 6  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, and X stands for a halogen atom.  
     
     
         3 . A method for producing the dibenzothiophene compound of  claim 1  comprising: 
 diazotizing a dibenzothiophene compound represented by the formula (A-2) to obtain a diazonium salt:                          wherein A 1  to A 6  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, X stands for a halogen atom; and    decomposing said diazonium salt in the presence of an anion corresponding to Y in the formula (A-1).    
     
     
         4 . A method for producing the dibenzothiophene compound of  claim 2  comprising reducing a dibenzothiophene oxide compound represented by the formula (A-3):  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein A 1  to A 6  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, and X stands for a halogen atom.  
     
     
         5 . A compound represented by the formula (2) having a phenylacetylene structure:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein A 9  to A 12  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; P 3  and P 4  each stands for the formula (2-1) or (2-2), with at least one of P 3  and P 4  standing for the formula (2-1),  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein A 37  to A 42  in the formula (2-1) and A 5  to A 8  in the formula (2-2) each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; 
 R 11  and R 12  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, —SF 5 , —NCS, a 4-R 23 -(cycloalkyl) group, a 4-R 23 -(cycloalkenyl) group, an R 24 —(O)q group, or a group represented by the formula (3),  
 wherein R 23  stands for a hydrogen atom, or a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, R 24  stands for a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, or a straight or branched alkenyl or alkynyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, q denotes 0 or 1,  
                     
 wherein n denotes 0 or 1, and m denotes an integer of 1 to 20, B 1  stands for a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, when both R 11  and R 12  stand for a group represented by the formula (3), n, m, and B 1  in one group of the formula (3) may be the same as or different from those of the other.  
 
     
     
         6 . The compound of  claim 5 , wherein at least one of R 11  and R 12  in the formula (2) stands for a group represented by the formula (3).  
     
     
         7 . The compound of  claim 6 , wherein when all of A 9  to A 12  in the formula (2) each stands for an alkyl group, the number of carbon atoms in each group is not less than two.  
     
     
         8 . A liquid crystal composition comprising at least one compound represented by the formula (2) of  claim 5 .  
     
     
         9 . The liquid crystal composition of  claim 8 , further comprising at least one liquid crystalline compound represented by any of the formulae (4) to (7):  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein A 25  to A 36  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; B 41  and B 42  each stands for a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; p 4 , q 4 , r 4 , s 4 , and t each denotes 0 or 1, provided that when q 4  is 0, at least one of A 29  to A 36  stands for an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; m 41  and n 41  each denotes an integer of 0 to 14, provided that when s 4  is 1, m 41  is not 0, and when t 4  is 1, m 41  is not 0; w 41  stands for a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, or —C═C—;  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein A 13  to A 24  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, with at least one of A 13  to A 24  standing for an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; R 31  and R 32  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, —SF 5 , —NCS, a 4-R 33 -(cycloalkyl) group, a 4-R 33 -(cycloalkenyl) group, or an R 34 —(O)q 31  group, wherein R 33  stands for a hydrogen atom, or a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, R 34  stands for a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, and q 31  denotes 0 or 1;  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein A 25  to A 36  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; m denotes 0 or 1; R 41  stands for a hydrogen atom or a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; R 42  stands for R 41 , a fluorine atom, a cyano group, a 4-R 43 -(cycloalkyl) group, a 4-R 43 -(cycloalkenyl) group, or an R 44 —(O)q 41  group, wherein R 43  stands for a hydrogen atom or a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, R 44  stands for a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, and q 41  denotes 0 or 1;  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein Rings A, B, C, and D each independently stands for 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 4,1-cyclohexenylene, 2,5-cyclohexenylene, 5,2-cyclohexenylene, 3,6-cyclohexenylene, 6,3-cyclohexenylene, 2,5-pyrimidinediyl, 5,2-pyrimidinediyl, 2,5-pyridinediyl, 5,2-pyridinediyl, 2,5-dioxanediyl, or 5,2-dioxanediyl, and at least one hydrogen atom on any of Rings A, B, C, and D may be substituted with a fluorine atom; R 51  and R 52  each stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a fluoromethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a fluoromethoxy group, a difluoromethoxy group, a trifluoromethoxy group, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkynyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkynyloxy group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 16 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkenyl group having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, or a group represented by the formula (7-1), (7-2), or (7-3), wherein m 7  denotes an integer of 1 to 12, n 7  denotes 0 or 1, wherein at least one methylene group of said alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl group may be replaced with an oxygen, sulfur, or silicon atom, and said groups may be straight or branched; Z 1 , Z 2 , and Z 3  each independently stands for —COO—, —OCO—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkynylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or a single bond; b, c, and d each independently denotes 0 or 1, with b+c+d≧1:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         10 . A polymer obtained by polymerization of at least one compound of  claim 6 .  
     
     
         11 . A polymer obtained by polymerization of the liquid crystal composition of  claim 8 .  
     
     
         12 . A liquid crystal composition comprising: 
 (A) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (I), (II) and (III):    (I) a compound represented by the formula (2) having a phenylacetylene structure:                          wherein A 9  to A 12  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; P 3  and P 4  each stands for the formula (2-1) or (2-2), with at least one of P 3  and P 4  standing for the formula (2-1),                          wherein A 37  to A 42  in the formula (2-1) and A 5  to A 8  in the formula (2-2) each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom;    R 11  and R 12  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, —SF 5 , —NCS, a 4-R 23 -(cycloalkyl) group, a 4-R 23 -(cycloalkenyl) group, an R 24 —(O)q group, or a group represented by the formula (3),    wherein R 23  stands for a hydrogen atom, or a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, R 24  stands for a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, or a straight or branched alkenyl or alkynyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, q denotes 0 or 1,                          wherein n denotes 0 or 1, and m denotes an integer of 1 to 20, B 1  stands for a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, when both R 11  and R 12  stand for a group represented by the formula (3), n, m, and B 1  in one group of the formula (3) may be the same as or different from those of the other; and    wherein at least one of R 11  and R 12  in the formula (2) stands for a group represented by the formula (3);    (II) a polymer obtained by polymerization of at least one compound recited in (I) above; and    (III) a polymer obtained by polymerization of a liquid crystal composition comprising at least one compound represented by formula (2) having a phenylacetylene structure:                          wherein A 9  to A 12  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; P 3  and P 4  each stands for the formula (2-1) or (2-2), with at least one of P 3  and P 4  standing for the formula (2-1),                          wherein A 37  to A 42  in the formula (2-1) and A 5  to A 8  in the formula (2-2) each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom;    R 11  and R 12  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, —SF 5 , —NCS, a 4-R 23 -(cycloalkyl) group, a 4-R 23 -(cycloalkenyl) group, an R 24 —(O)q group, or a group represented by the formula (3),    wherein R 23  stands for a hydrogen atom, or a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, R 24  stands for a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, or a straight or branched alkenyl or alkynyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, q denotes 0 or 1,                          wherein n denotes 0 or 1, and m denotes an integer of 1 to 20, B 1  stands for a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, when both R 11  and R 12  stand for a group represented by the formula (3), n, m, and B 1  in one group of the formula (3) may be the same as or different from those of the other; and    (B) at least one monomer compound other than the compound recited in (I) above, selected from the group consisting of methacrylate esters, acrylate esters, epoxy, and vinyl ethers.    
     
     
         13 . The liquid crystal composition of  claim 12 , further comprising at least one liquid crystalline compound represented by any of the formulae (4) to (7):  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein A 25  to A 36  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; B 41  and B 42  each stands for a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; p 4 , q 4 , r 4 , s 4 , and t 4  each denotes 0 or 1, provided that when q 4  is 0, at least one of A 29  to A 36  stands for an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; m 41  and n 41  each denotes an integer of 0 to 14, provided that when S4 is 1, m 41  is not 0, and when t 4  is 1, m 41  is not 0; w 41  stands for a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, or —C═C—;  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein A 13  to A 24  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, with at least one of A 13  to A 24  standing for an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; R 31  and R 32  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, —SF 5 , —NCS, a 4-R 33 -(cycloalkyl) group, a 4-R 33 -(cycloalkenyl) group, or an R 34 —(O)q 31  group, wherein R 33  stands for a hydrogen atom, or a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, R 34  stands for a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, and q 31  denotes 0 or 1;  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein A 25  to A 36  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; m denotes 0 or 1; R 41  stands for a hydrogen atom or a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; R 42  stands for R 41 , a fluorine atom, a cyano group, a 4-R 43 -(cycloalkyl) group, a 4-R 43 -(cycloalkenyl) group, or an R 44 —(O)q 41  group, wherein R 43  stands for a hydrogen atom or a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, R 44  stands for a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, and q 41  denotes 0 or 1;  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein Rings A, B, C, and D each independently stands for 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 4,1-cyclohexenylene, 2,5-cyclohexenylene, 5,2-cyclohexenylene, 3,6-cyclohexenylene, 6,3-cyclohexenylene, 2,5-pyrimidinediyl, 5,2-pyrimidinediyl, 2,5-pyridinediyl, 5,2-pyridinediyl, 2,5-dioxanediyl, or 5,2-dioxanediyl, and at least one hydrogen atom on any of Rings A, B, C, and D may be substituted with a fluorine atom; R 51  and R 52  each stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a fluoromethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a fluoromethoxy group, a difluoromethoxy group, a trifluoromethoxy group, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkynyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkynyloxy group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 16 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkenyl group having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, or a group represented by the formula (7-1), (7-2), or (7-3), wherein m 7  denotes an integer of 1 to 12, n 7  denotes 0 or 1, wherein at least one methylene group of said alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl group may be replaced with an oxygen, sulfur, or silicon atom, and said groups may be straight or branched; Z 1 , Z 2 , and Z 3  each independently stands for —COO—, —OCO—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkynylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or a single bond; b, c, and d each independently denotes 0 or 1, with b+c+d≧1:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         14 . A polymer obtained by polymerization of the liquid crystal composition of  claim 12 .  
     
     
         15 . An optically anisotropic product produced with at least one material selected from the group consisting of (I), (II), (III), (IV) or (V): 
 (I) a compound represented by the formula (2) having a phenylacetylene structure:                          wherein A 9  to A 12  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; P 3  and P 4  each stands for the formula (2-1) or (2-2), with at least one of P 3  and P 4  standing for the formula (2-1),                          wherein A 37  to A 42  in the formula (2-1) and A 5  to A 8  in the formula (2-2) each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom;    R 11  and R 12  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, —SF 5 , —NCS, a 4-R 23 -(cycloalkyl) group, a 4-R 23 -(cycloalkenyl) group, an R 24 —(O)q group, or a group represented by the formula (3),    wherein R 23  stands for a hydrogen atom, or a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, R 24  stands for a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, or a straight or branched alkenyl or alkynyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, q denotes 0 or 1,                          wherein n denotes 0 or 1, and m denotes an integer of 1 to 20, B 1  stands for a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, when both R 11  and R 12  stand for a group represented by the formula (3), n, m, and B 1  in one group of the formula (3) may be the same as or different from those of the other; and    wherein at least one of R 11  and R 12  in the formula (2) stands for a group represented by the formula (3);    (II) a polymer obtained by polymerization of at least one compound recited in (I) above;    (III) a polymer obtained by polymerization of a liquid crystal composition comprising at least one compound represented by formula (2) having a phenylacetylene structure:                          wherein A 9  to A 12  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; P 3  and P 4  each stands for the formula (2-1) or (2-2), with at least one of P 3  and P 4  standing for the formula (2-1),                          wherein A 37  to A 42  in the formula (2-1) and A 5  to A 8  in the formula (2-2) each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom;    R 11  and R 12  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, —SF 5 , —NCS, a 4-R 23 -(cycloalkyl) group, a 4-R 23 -(cycloalkenyl) group, an R 24 —(O)q group, or a group represented by the formula (3),    wherein R 23  stands for a hydrogen atom, or a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, R 24  stands for a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, or a straight or branched alkenyl or alkynyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, q denotes 0 or 1,                          wherein n denotes 0 or 1, and m denotes an integer of 1 to 20, B 1  stands for a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, when both R 11  and R 12  stand for a group represented by the formula (3), n, m, and B 1  in one group of the formula (3) may be the same as or different from those of the other;    (IV) a liquid crystal composition comprising (A) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (I), (II) and (III) as recited above, and (B) at least one monomer compound other than the compound recited in (I) above, selected from the group consisting of methacrylate esters, acrylate esters, epoxy, and vinyl ethers; and    (V) a polymer obtained by polymerization of the liquid crystal composition of (IV) above.    
     
     
         16 . An optical or liquid crystal element produced with at least one material selected from the group consisting of (I), (II), (III), (IV) or (V): 
 (I) a compound represented by the formula (2) having a phenylacetylene structure:                          wherein A 9  to A 12  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; P 3  and P 4  each stands for the formula (2-1) or (2-2), with at least one of P 3  and P 4  standing for the formula (2-1),                          wherein A 37  to A 42  in the formula (2-1) and A 5  to A 8  in the formula (2-2) each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom;    R 11  and R 12  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, —SF 5 , —NCS, a 4-R 23 -(cycloalkyl) group, a 4-R 23 -(cycloalkenyl) group, an R 24 —(O)q group, or a group represented by the formula (3),    wherein R 23  stands for a hydrogen atom, or a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, R 24  stands for a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, or a straight or branched alkenyl or alkynyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, q denotes 0 or 1,                          wherein n denotes 0 or 1, and m denotes an integer of 1 to 20, B 1  stands for a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, when both R 11  and R 12  stand for a group represented by the formula (3), n, m, and B 1  in one group of the formula (3) may be the same as or different from those of the other; and    wherein at least one of R 11  and R 12  in the formula (2) stands for a group represented by the formula (3);    (II) a polymer obtained by polymerization of at least one compound recited in (I) above;    (III) a polymer obtained by polymerization of a liquid crystal composition comprising at least one compound represented by formula (2) having a phenylacetylene structure:                          wherein A 9  to A 12  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom; P 3  and P 4  each stands for the formula (2-1) or (2-2), with at least one of P 3  and P 4  standing for the formula (2-1),                          wherein A 37  to A 42  in the formula (2-1) and A 5  to A 8  in the formula (2-2) each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom;    R 11  and R 12  each independently stands for a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, —SF 5 , —NCS, a 4-R 23 -(cycloalkyl) group, a 4-R 23 -(cycloalkenyl) group, an R 24 —(O)q group, or a group represented by the formula (3),    wherein R 23  stands for a hydrogen atom, or a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, R 24  stands for a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, or a straight or branched alkenyl or alkynyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one fluorine atom, q denotes 0 or 1,                          wherein n denotes 0 or 1, and m denotes an integer of 1 to 20, B 1  stands for a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, when both R 11  and R 12  stand for a group represented by the formula (3), n, m, and B 1  in one group of the formula (3) may be the same as or different from those of the other;    (IV) a liquid crystal composition comprising (A) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (I), (II) and (III) as recited above, and (B) at least one monomer compound other than the compound recited in (I) above, selected from the group consisting of methacrylate esters, acrylate esters, epoxy, and vinyl ethers; and    (V) a polymer obtained by polymerization of the liquid crystal composition of (IV) above.